高三英语(分类阅读--13.-一般说明文：产品介绍篇)

教师辅导讲义年级：高三课时数：3辅导科目：英语课题IntensiveReading—13.一般说明文：产品介绍教学目标学习关于产品介绍之类的文章的题材结构与特征，掌握这类文章的解题技巧与方法。教学内容Step1：Greetings&FreeTalk1、Talkabouttheweekinschool.Whatnews/story/book/movie…haveugot?2、Istheresthimportant\special\interestinghappeningthisweek?Step2：AssignmentscheckingTheassignedexercisesontheprevioushandout.Step3：解题技巧点播一篇短文围绕其中心或某一话题展开，需要通过各种方法来说明、表现中心话题。细节是构成文章的血肉。阅读理解题多数是依据文章细节来命题的。某个细节可能是一个题的答案，也可能一个答案需要对多个细节进行综合才能得出。细节题还包括对平时细小的知识点的考核。弄清细节还是正确把握文章主旨意图的前提。一、文章中细节的类型在一篇文章中，细节一般有五种类型：描写性细节、事实性细节、说明性细节、比较或对比性细节、说理性细节。1．描写性细节：这类细节往往用来传递某种情绪与感情，某种印象，或叙述亲眼目睹的一些经历。2．事实性细节：指作者在叙述某事时使用的事实和数据。3．说明性细节：以解说或介绍的方式说明事物，或告诉人们如何做某事。这类细节条理清楚，过渡自然，因此在这类细节中常出现一些过渡词。如：first，second，third，finally，also，forexample，forinstance，otherwise，moreover，therefore，onthecontrary，ontheotherhand，then，now等等。4．比较或对比性细节：对比是指出同类事物中的不同之处，而比较则是把两种或多种事物相比较指出其相同的地方。5．说理性细节：为了使主题思想为读者所接受，往往需要陈述理由。一个细节类理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节来设题，但是在加上有关的选项后，有可能涉及到若干个细节。其题型多种多样，几乎没有固定模式。下面列举部分常见的细节题干：(1)Therightorderwhichtellsthestoryis...(2)Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthefollowing.(3)Whichstatementistrue?(4)Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalse?(5)Allthefollowingstatementsare(not)trueexcept...(6)Thewriter(author)mentionsalloftheitemslistedbelowexcept...(7)Inthisparagraph,wefindsupportforallofthefollowingstatementsexcept...(8)Thestatementsmadebytheauthorarebasedon...(9)Theauthorinforms(tellsus)that...做好细节题的关键一是要弄清题干的意思，二是要读懂相关的细节内容。在选择答案时要运用“分析、推理、对比、判断”等思维方式，特别要运用好“排中律”来进行判断选择。Step4：实战演练Directions:Readthefollowingtwopassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.Passage1Agadgetwhichmakeswateroutofaircouldbecomethegreat1thouseholdinventionsincethemicrowave.Usingthesametechnologyasadehumidifier(除湿器),theWaterMillisabletocreateareadysupplyofdrinkingwaterbecauseitcanalwaysgetitfromanunlimitedsource—theair.Thecompanybehindthemachinesaysnotonlydoesitofferanalternativetobottledwaterindevelopedcountries,butitisasolutionforthemillionswhofaceadailywatershortage.Themachineworksbydrawinginwetairthroughafilter(过滤器)andoveracoolinginstrumentwhichchangesitintowaterdroplets.Itcanproduceupto12litersaday.TheWaterMillwillalsoproducemorewaterwhenstormspassover,astheamountofwaterwhichiscontainedintheairincreases.Inkeepingwithitseco-development,themachineusesthesameamountofelectricityasthreelights.InventorJonathanRitcheysaid:Thedemandforwaterisoffthechart.Sopeoplearelookingforfreedomfromwaterdistributionsystemsthatareshakyandunreliable.Themachine,whichisabout3feetwide,islikelytocost£800whenitgoesonsalehereinthespring.Itsmakej*,CanadianFirmElementFour,roughlycalculatesthataliterofwatercostaround20ptoproduce.Environmentalistsstatethathalftheworld'spopulationwillfacewatershortagebecauseofclimatechangeby2080.Oneinfiveissaidtolackaccesstosafedrinking.TheWaterMillisnoteffectiveinareaswheretheamountofwatercontainedintheairisbelowabout30percent,butinBritainthatwon'tbemuchofaproblem.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedworditreferdo?A.Drinkingwater.B.Invention.C.Microwave.D.WaterMill.2.Whatdowelearnaboutthemachine?A.Itworksinthesamewayasmicrowaves.B.Itisveryexpensiveforfamiliestoafford.C.Itabsorbssteamandturnsitintowater.D.Ithelpstomakethewatercleantodrink.3.Whatdoesthepassageleadustobelieve?A.Thecostofwaterwillgoup.B.Bottledwaterwilldisappearsooner.C.Themachineisenergysaving.D.Themachinewillbepopularworldwide.4.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ANewWaytoSolveWaterProblemB.AMachinetoMakeWateroutofAirC.ADehumidifiertoProduceWaterD.AnAbsolutelyNewInventionPassage2Filmcamerasanddigitalcamerasworkinasimilarway.FilmcamerasAfterall,afilmcameraisbasicallyalight-proofbox.Ithasalens(镜头)systemtofocuslightontothefilmatthebackofthecamera.Let'ssupposethatweareoutsideonabeautifulsummerdaytryingtotakeapictureofthefamilydog.Weareusingafilmcamera.Wefinallygetthedogtoliestill.Youpointthecameraathim.Whathappens?Lightgoesintothecameralensandhitstheshutter.Inotherwords,nothinghappensyet.Nowlet'ssaythatthedoglooksreallycuteandyoudecidetosnapapicture.Whathappens?Whenyoupressthebutton,theshutteropenforaveryshortperiodoftime.Asmallamountoflightpassesthroughandhitsthefilmatthebackofthecamera.Thiscreatesanupside-downandreversedimageonthefilm.Whenyoufinishtherollofthefilm,youcantakeittothephotoshoptodevelopitandyouwillhaveagreatpictureofyourdog!Camerascomewithdifferentlenslengths.Whydoesitmatter?Manysmallcamerashaveshorterfocallengths,whichmeansthatthereisasmalldistancebetweenthelensandtheplacewherethelightfocusesatthebackofthecamera.Thisgivesyoualargeviewoftheareayouaretakingapictureof.Lenseswithalongfocallengthshowasmallerareabutallowyoutofocusondistantobjectsandmakethembigger.Theyareoftencalledtelephotolenses.Agoodexampleofalongfocuslensisonethatisusedbysportsphotographerstogetphotosoffootballplayersasiftheywerestandingrightbesidethem.DigitalcamerasIndigitalcameras,thelightfallsnotonfilmbutontoasensor(传感器)calledaCCD(ChargeCoupledDevice).Thisdigitallyconverts(转变)lightandcolourintoadigitalin