工业设计外文文献翻译及原文

1Theimpactof“3r”principlestoindustrialdesignAbstractWhileindustrialdesigncreatesmodemlifeandlivingsurroundingsforpeople，italsoacceleratestheexhaustionofthenaturalresourcesandtheenergyresources．Besides，ithasdoneharmtotheecologicalbalance，andthreatenedtheexistenceandthesustainabledevelopmentofhumanbeings．Confrontwiththissituation，thestrategyofsustainabledevelopment，proposedin1990s，isacceptedbymanypeople．Recyclingeconomyanditskeypoint，“3r”principle，werebornforthissituationandbecomeimportantprincipleinallkindsofeconomicactivitiesandintheareaofdesignandmanufacture．Bydecodingtheconnotationof“3r”principle，thearticleanalyzestheinfluenceandtheguidanceoverindustrialdesignof“3r”principle．Furthermore，thearticletriestodiscusstheconceptionofredesign，whichistheextensionofthe“3r”principleintheareaofindustrialdesign，andexplicates4Rprincipleofindustrialdesignforrecyclingeconomyatlast．Keywords3Rprinciple；industrialdesign；recyclingeconomy；Redesign1IntroductionIndustrialdesignasacross-cuttingtechnologyandtheartsdisciplines，itiscloselyrelatedtotheeconomyandtomaintainitsdevelopmentandprogressofsociety.Itcanbesummarized：First，itservicesforindustrialmassproduction，makingindustrialproductsenhancethevalueandvalue-added.Second，Itleadsthefashion，toeffectivelystimulateconsumption，sothatconsumersnotonlyusetheproductatthesametime，butalsoenjoythenewtechnologyandmaterial；Third，itputstechnologytolinkupwiththemarket，makingproductsenhancecompetitiveness；Lastbutnottheleast，itcanbringtheinnovationintotheenterprise.Therefore，theeconomicdevelopmentneedsindustrialdesignwhichhasbecomeindispensabletothecountry'seconomicconstruction.However，alongwiththetraditionalindustrialdesigncreatinghigh-qualitymodernlifestyleandlivingenvironmentandpromotingeconomicdevelopment，italsospeedsuptheconsumptionofresourcesandenergy.Whatismore，itdoseharmtotheecologicalbalanceoftheEarthandbringsaboutaseriousofgreatdamagetohumansurvivalandsustainabledevelopment.Especiallytheexcessivecommercializationofindustrialdesign，utilitarianandexcessivepursuitofprofit，theimplementationofmerchandisehasplanstoabolishthesystem2withouttakingintoaccountproduction，use，processwaste，suchastheenvironment，theimpactofresources.Itcanbesaidthatpeopleareininappropriateandexcessiveconsumptionpatternsoflife，theindustrialdesignobjectivelybecomesessentialmediumtoencouragepeopletouncontrolledconsume，whichiscounteredtotheessenceofindustrialdesign—creatingascienceandhealthywayoflife.Facingthethreatofhumansurvivalandsustainabledevelopment，inthe20thcentury，peoplebegantoquestionthesustainabledevelopmentofhumanity，tocarryoutaprofoundreflectiononsustainabledevelopmentandtoputforwardasuitablemodelofcirculareconomy，theprincipleofcirculareconomyis“3r”(i.e.Reduce，Reuse，Recycle)whichisofgreatsignificancetotheimplementationandpromotionofsocio-economicstability，sustainabledevelopmentAgainstthisbackground，theconceptofsustainabledevelopmentintorapideconomicdevelopmentisinextricablylinkedtothedesign，basedonthisongoingexplorationandpractice.“3r”principlesintendedtosortoutthisarticleonvariousaspectsofindustrialdesignandtheguidingrole，andattemptstoexplorethe“3r”principlesofindustrialdesignattheextension.2Cycleeconomicmodelandtheprincipleof“3r”Economyisengagedinproduction，consumptionandreproductionactivities，whichistomeethumanmaterialneedsoftheirownmaterial.Recyclingeconomyisconsideredfollowingtheoriginaleconomy，theagriculturaleconomy，industrialeconomyafterthetimeofthepost-industrialeconomy，withtheindustrialeconomyisdifferentbetweentheresourcesandenvironmentrelationship.Followingtheeconomiccyclereferstothenaturalecosystemofthematerialcirculationandenergyflowreconstructionoftheeconomicsystemsothatitharmoniouslyintothenaturalecosystemsofthematerialenergyrecyclingprocesstoproductcleanproduction，resourcerecyclingandefficientrecyclingcharacterizedeco-economicdevelopmentpatterns，alsoknownaseco-economy，greeneconomy.2.1Therelationshipbetweeneconomicmodel，environmentandtheresourcesHumansurvivalandeconomicactivitiesrelyontheresourcesandtheenvironment.Ononehand，itisthesourceofthehumanbeingsmaterialsystem；ontheotherhand，itbearstheeconomicactivitiesofhumanwastegeneratedbythevariousroles.TheEarthcanprovideresourcesbutarelimited，eventhoughitmusthavetheabilitytopurify，howeveritissubjecttohumaneconomicactivitytheabilityofemissionsisalsolimited.3IndustrialeconomicdevelopmentpatternsarefromOneProductOneresourcepollutionposedbyone-wayflowofmaterialandanopeneconomy，thisopennesshasledtoaglobaldepletionofresourcesandwaste，aswellastheseriousdeteriorationoftheecologicalenvironment.Circulareconomydevelopmentpatternisfromoneofresourcesofrenewableresources，oneofgreenproductsposedbythematerialenergyoftheclosed-loopfeedbackloopprocess，thisclosedloopsystem，canmaintaineconomicproductionoflow，high-quality，low-waste，whichwillbeeconomicactivityofnaturalresourcesandenvironmentalimpactstominimizedamage.2.2Interpretationofthecirculareconomymode“3r”principle“3r”principleisthebasicmanifestationoftheeconomiccycle，anditsspecificcontentsareasfollows：Reductionprincipl