历年高考英语宾语英语宾语从句

。。..。。..高考英语宾语从句一、关联词关联词又称“连词”或“引导词”，是宾语从句的重要组成部分。连词：1.连接代词（that，who，whom，what，which）2.连接副词（when，where，why，how）3.从属连词（if，whether）由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句，用if或whether引导.在试卷中一般依据从句中“缺什么补什么”的原则，结合上下文选用恰当的连词。如：1.Idon’tknowwhowillbeourheadteachernextsemester.缺指人的主语用who，如缺指物的主语则用what。2.Idoubtwhatmyepalwillwritesoon.缺指物的宾语用what，如缺指人的宾语则用whom。3.Ithinkthatmydeskmatewillgetthroughallthemajorsubjects.句子不缺成分，用that;如果that后跟有代词，可省略that。4.Sheletmeknowwhenthemeetingwouldbeheld.缺时间状语，用when；缺地点状语，用where；缺原因状语，用why；缺方式状语，用how。5.Idon’tknowwhich/whattopicIshouldchoose.缺定语，用what或which。6.Theteacheraskedwhether/ifIwasgettingreadyforthecomingtest.表示“是否（有，能，已经……）”等含义，用whether或if。7.I’dbeinterestedtoknowwhetherhewillseethemovie“Dawn”ornot.强调是否对比时，用连词whether。例1Acomputercanonlydo_____youhaveinstructedittodo.A.howB.afterC.whatD.when例2Marywroteanarticleon_____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that例3Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor________hethoughtwasnotenough.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which例4Thewayhediditwasdifferent________wewereusedto.A.inwhichB.inwhatC.fromwhatD.fromwhich例5Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthegame,withoutmentioning_____histeammateshaddone.A.whatB.whichC.whyD.while二、语序以从属连词（if，whether）、连接代词（what，which，who，whose）和连接副词（when，where，how，why）等引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序。例6Noonecanbesure______inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike例7Thebosswentuptoask_____.A.whatthematterwasB.what’sthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatthematteris三、时态宾语从句的时态要和主句相呼应:1.如果主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词时态可不受约束；2.如果主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词的时态须与之呼应；Eg.Ithoughthehadgonetotowntoday.3.当从句叙述的是客观真理时，其谓语动词仍用现在时态。如：Eg.Galileoinsistedthattheearthmovesroundthesun.例8Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsofthetickets________.A.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked例9Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.A.leavesB.wouldleaveC.hadleftD.hadbeenaway例10—Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon?—No,butsometimesIwishI_________.A.havetimeB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.hadtimeto四、宾语从句的减缩式宾语从句有时可减缩为“疑问词+不定式”的形式。例11I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat________inmynewjob.A.expectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects例12ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows________.A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit例13Themotherdidn’tknow_____toblameforthebrokenglassesasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.whenC.howD.what五、宾语从句的特殊式1.复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用。如：Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterest.（whoever=anyonewho/anypersonwho）ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.（whatever=anythingthat）Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.whatever在此处是泛指，不可被what替代。而“Ican’trememberatthemomentwhohassaidthewords.”中的who表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever。2.it作形式宾语，从句作真正宾语。（1）动词+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+thatclause。thatclause中谓语动词前可加should，亦可省略。如：Ithinkitimportantthatyou（should）attendtheconference.（2）动词+it+as+名词/形容词+clause。如：Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.（3）动词+it+介词+thatclause。常见的有：oweittosb.+thatclause（把……归功于某人），leaveittosb.+thatclause（把……留给某人去做），takeitforgranted+thatclause（想当然），keepitinmind+thatclause（记住……）。如：Ijusttookitforgrantedthathe’dalwaysbearound.（4）动词+it+clause。如：Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.英语中少数介词很活跃，能带从句作其宾语。如：Igotoseeafilmexceptwhenitrains.3.含宾语从句的反意疑问句。当陈述部分带有that引导的宾语从句时，疑问部分的主语和谓语一般应与陈述部分主句的主语和谓语保持对应关系。如：Briantoldyouthattherewasn’tanyoneintheroomatthattime,didn’the?当陈述部分主句的主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think/believe/suppose/guess/imagine/expect/suspect/feel等时，疑问部分的主语和谓语往往与陈述部分从句中的主语和谓语保持对应关系，此时实质上是将对主句的否定转移到对从句的否定上。如：Idon’tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,willthey?4.两个及以上表示陈述的宾语从句并列时，第一个连词that可以省略，但第二个及以后的不可省。如：Hetoldme（that）theycouldnotdecidewhattodoandthattheyaskedmyadvice.5.主语+be+形容词+clause。如：I’mafraidthatIcan’tpromiseyouanything.例14Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept________helphecanget.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever例15_____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever例16I’dappreciate_______ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you例17—Idon’tthinkyoucouldhavebeenusedtothequickpaceoflifewhilestudyingintheUSA______you?—______.Ithoughtofreturningtoourcountryatonetime.A.had;YesB.do;YesC.have;NoD.were;No例18Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased_______hewasamanofaction.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether宾语从句练习题类型一：引导词的运用（1）Idon’tknow___________ornot．A．whetherheisathomeB．ifheisathomeC．thatheisathomeD．whetherisheathome（2）Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine．A．whichB．whetherC．ifD．that（3）Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin．A．whichB．whereC．ifD．that（4）Idon’tknow________Mr．Greenwillcometoseeus．He’llhelpuswithourEnglish．A．whyB．whenC．howD．where（5）－－Becareful！Don’tbreakthebottles．Doyouhear______Isaid?David?－－Yes，MumA．whatB．thatC．whyD．if（6）－－－Doyouknow_______MrBlack’saddressis?－－－HemayliveatNO．18orNo．19ofBridgeStreet．I’mnotsureof______．A．where，whichB．where，whatC．what，whichD．what，where（7）Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo．Ireallydon’tknow_____．A．w