高中英语语法填空解题技巧25694

高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法语法填空1.选材:200词左右，话题贴近生活。2.命题形式：纯空格形式（3-4个），有提示词的（6-7个）。3.考查内容：考生在篇章中综合运用语法知识的能力。4.考点设置：词法、句法和逻辑关系方面的知识。5.分值分配：共10小题，满分15分。6.建议用时：8-10mins考纲解读10空6-7空（有提示词）3-4空（无提示词）动词名词：单复数形容词/副词：比较级、最高级词性转换连词：and,but,or，when…引导词（名词性从句，定语从句）：who,that,what…代词：it,they,him,our,themselves…介词：in,on,to,for…冠词：a/an,the连接性副词：however,therefore…情态动词，强调助动词（do）等时态，语态——主谓一致非谓语动词：V-ing，V-ed，todo（不多于三个单词）（只能填一个单词）泛指还是特指句意及固定短语搭配逻辑关系•一读•二填•三检查（一）有提示词的语法填空的解题技巧词类转换题要先确定所要填的词在句中的成分。•[例1]Theyoungsterimmediatelyfell________(silence)astearsflewdownfromhisbigblueeyes.•[例2]Ina__________(danger)partoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand,theylearntto…•[例3]Teachersmusttrytheirbesttomakemostoftheirstudents__________(interest)inthesubject.silent技巧1：作表语（系动词后）、定语（n前）或补语，通常用形容词。dangerousinterested•[例4]WhenChina’sancientscientificandtechnological______________(achieve)arementioned,thenationwillgenerallyrefertotheFourGreatInventions.•[例5]…instructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliarwith_______________(inform)inthereading…achievementsinformation技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。•[例6]Withthelargenumbersofstudents,the________(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.•[例7]Herearesomeofmy___________(suggest)foryou.operation技巧3：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。suggestions[例8]Theremustbesomething＿＿＿＿(serious)wrongwithoursociety.•[例9]Singlesareflocking(涌向)totheInternet33(main)becausetheirbusylifestylesleavethemlittletime…[例１０]＿＿＿＿（）mainlyseriously技巧4：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。•[例10]Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis:noknowledgeis________(use).•[例11]Yourmistakecausedalotof___________(necessary)workintheoffice.uselessunnecessary技巧5：词义转换题。词类不一定要变，可能是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-,im-，il-,ir-，in-,non-,dis-等否定前缀，或在词根后加-less等后缀。技巧6：括号中所给词为动词时，要分析句子成分，判断空格处是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。（一）如果句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词,就要考虑时态和语态，时态考虑要瞻前顾后，同时还要兼顾主谓一致，虚拟语气。例2.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,_________(close)mybookandwalkedaway.谓语谓语谓语closed例8.Theyoungstudentdidallthathecould______(pass)theexaminations.topass巩固练习1.Iwasdelightedandwasabouttoacceptherproposalwhenshesuggestedwefirst[38]____(go)totheWestLakeandwalkalongtheBrokenBridge.2.Peter___________(leave)forLondononbusinessuponmyarrival,soIdidn’tseehim.3.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar_____________(repair)atthegarage.4.Iwentdownthere,________(pay)mypennyandgotareceipt.paidisbeingrepairedhadleftgo(1)Thecityhasalreadyhadhomes,stores,andoffices________(build)ontheMediterraneanSea.(2)Averystrongwindblewintomyroom.Myvaluablenotes,lyingonmydeskintheroom,________(fly)highintotheair.非谓语built非谓语谓语flew谓语（二）：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，那么就是非谓语动词。此时需确定用todo（将来，目的），doing(主动，进行)，还是done（被动，完成）。非谓语动词的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。注意：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，有可能考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。[例12]…therewasalotofinformationaboutthecity’swell-knowntourist__________(attract)…[例13]Theotherfrogwentonjumpingashardashecould…Hejumpedeven____(hard)andfinallymadehimselfout.attractionharder例4.Themanremovedthebags,without________(hesitate).hesitation例5.Nobodyknowswhat_____________________(happen)ifshehadrefusedtopay.wouldhavehappened例6.Hisfearoffailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildren__________(play)withjoyousabandon.played例7.……Thehappiest(happy)ofpeopledon’tnecessarily(necessary)havethebestofeverything;theyjustmakethemostofeverythingthat_______(come)alongtheirway.comes例8.…….Thecountrylifehewasusedto____________（change）greatlysincetheopeningpolicy.haschanged词类转化题巩固练习•1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid[36]___________(rude).•2.Oneofthe[33]________(bad)giftchoicesIhadevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher…•3.[39]____________(fortunate),IthennoticedthatIhadjustonly10minutesleft...!•4.Itwashis[32]______(nine)yearofschoolandhisacademiccareerseemedtobeinruins,soIwasangry.•5.AsfarasIamconcerned,my[37]____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebook.•6.Itwouldbe___________(believe)thatsuchanhonestmanshouldhavebetrayedhisfriends.ninthrudelyworstsuggestionUnfortunatelyunbelievableHisteachertookadeepdrink，smiled____(warm)，andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.warmlyButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather______(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.choiceThisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir____(nature)course.natural1.若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间设空一定是填连接词①It’salsoagoodideatotakenotesofemotionsrelatedto____youeat.②Thiswasverystrange____theearthwasthecentreofthesolarsystemandallplanetswentroundit.whatif（二）无提示词的语法填空的解题技巧②Finally,therewasasuddenpullatthepoleand_____fishwascaught.a①Eachwinnerreceivesagoldmedal,adiploma,____asumofmoney.and2.若两个或几个单词或短语之间是空格可能是填连词②Writedowneverythingyoueat____drinkinagivenday.and③Teacherssometimesspendmuchtimetalkingaboutstudentstotheirparents_____littletimeactuallytalkingtostudentsthemselves.④JohnSnowsuspectedthatthesecondtheorywascorrect____heneededevidence.butbut②Thisstrategysuggeststhatteachershaveconversationswithstudentstolearnabout_____.3.缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）①Suddenlythewallmoved---______wasmadeoftrees!itthem4.若在名