您好,欢迎访问三七文档
第三讲形容词和副词形容词和副词是历年高考的必考点,是考生做好英语语法填空题和短文改错题必须要掌握的知识点。形容词主要用来修饰名词和代词,表示事物或人的性质和特征。副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。语法填空题对形容词和副词的考查主要是形容词作定语或表语、形容词和副词的比较级或最高级、形容词和副词的词性转化等。短文改错题对形容词和副词的考查主要是形容词和副词之间的错用,以及形容词之间、副词之间的错用等。形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级、比较级和最高级。语法填空主要考查原级变为比较级或最高级;短文改错主要考查原级、比较级和最高级之间的误用。两者进行比较时,用比较级,此时的标志词为than,但需特别注意没有than时的比较级;三者或三者以上进行比较时,用最高级,此时往往用in或者of表示比较范围,但需注意省略比较范围的最高级。(一)考点练悟(用所给词的适当形式填空)Londonisoneofthe1.________(large)citiesintheworld.Itspopulationis2.________(small)thanTokyoorShanghai,butitisoneofthe3.____________(popular)touristdestinationsofall.Londonisprobablymostfamousforitsmuseums,galleries,palacesandothersights,butitalsoincludesa4.________(wide)rangeofpeoples,culturesandreligionsthanmanyotherplaces.Peopleusedtosaythatitwasthedirtiestcitytoo,butitisnowmuch5.________(clean)thanitwas.Tothesurpriseofmanypeople,itnowhassomeofthe6.________(good)restaurantsinEuropetoo.Forsomepeople,thismakesLondonthe7._____________(exciting)cityinEurope.Unfortunately,Londonisdefinitelynotthe8._____________(expensive)cityinEurope,thoughaholidayinLondonisgoodvalueformoney,consideringwhatthereistoseeanddothere.largestsmallermostpopularwidercleanerbestmostexcitingleastexpensive(二)快捷技法解题规则思考趋向1.填形容词或副词的比较级提示词是形容词或副词,分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变,特别是空格后有比较级标志词than时,应考虑填形容词或副词的比较级。使用比较级的常见情况:(1)根据比较等级的句式判断,如果后面有than就用比较级。(如题2,4,5)(2)有时候比较级结构中并不出现than,而是根据语境判断用比较级。(3)当空格前有表示程度的词,如abit,alittle,much,far,agreat/gooddeal,alot等或有still,even等词修饰时,需填比较级。(4)表示“越……,就越……”用“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”结构。(5)“否定词+比较级”可以表达最高级含义。解题规则思考趋向2.填形容词或副词的最高级提示词为形容词或副词时,分析句子成分后若发现词性不需要改变,并且句中有比较范围,句意有最高级含义时,要填其最高级形式。使用最高级的常见情况:(1)表达在某个范围内“最……”时,使用“the+形容词/副词的最高级+比较范围”结构。表示范围的标志词有in,of,among等。(如题6,7,8)(2)当空格前有thesecond/third...,oneof...等词时,需填最高级。(如题1,3)(3)形容词最高级前的修饰语通常有序数词以及byfar,almost,nearly等。如:Iambyfarthemostactivememberinourgroup.我是我们组最活跃的成员。(一)考点练悟下文中共有8处错误,每句中最多有两处。请找出并改正。DearLily,Well,we'vemovedatlast!Whenwegothere,theflatseemedlargethanweremembered,becauseitwasempty,butnowit'sgotourfurnitureinit,soitdoesn'tfeelaslargeasbefore.We'vegottodosomedecorating,andthatwillbeexpensivethanweexpectedbecausethewallsareinabadconditionthanwethought.Butwe'llmanagesomehow,andsoonwe'llhavethemoreattractivehouseinthetown.AndifyourUncleBobhashisway,we'llhavethelovelygardenaswell.We'llalsobethepoorerandthemostexhaustedhouseholdersinthecountry,butnevermind.Westillthinkmovinghereisthebestthingwe'vedoneforyears.Wecan'timaginenowwhywedidn'tdoitwhenweweremoreyounger.Comeandseeussoon.Catchatrainifyoucan,becauseit'salmostascheaperasthebus,andtherailwaystationisnearertoourendoftown.Lovefromusboth,AuntieRosie答案:第二句:第一个large→larger第三句:expensive前加more;bad→worse第四句:more→most第五句:lovely→loveliest第六句:poorer→poorest第八句:去掉more第十句:cheaper→cheap(二)快捷技法解题规则思考趋向若形容词和副词后面加了er,前面就不能再用more。2.检查是否存在比较级修饰比较级的情况1.根据标志词“than,in,of,among”等,并结合具体语境检查是否存在比较等级的错用。2.熟记使用比较等级的常见情况。3.熟记使用最高级的情况。1.原级、比较级和最高级之间的错用形容词和副词之间的转化是高考的一大重点,在每年高考中都占有相当大的比重。语法填空和短文改错的此类考点均是根据形容词或副词的功能做出相互转化。因此考生应注意总结变化规律,尤其是其中的特殊变化形式。(一)考点练悟(用所给词的适当形式填空)Somepeoplethinkthattheywillgetilliftheyusetheirbrainstoomuch.Itisnot1.________(truly).Throughmanystudies,scientistsshowusthatthemoreyouuseyourbrainthebetteritwillbeandtheclevereryouwillbecome.Ofcourse,ifyouwanttokeepyourmind2.________(clearly)andactive,youmusttakeaproperrestandstudy3.________(proper).Totheteenagers,usingtheirbrainsinthemorningis4.________(well)fortheirhealth.trueclearproperlygoodTherearemanywaystorest.Oneisa5.________(peace)rest.Sleepisapeacefulrest.Anotherisan6.________(act)rest.Forexample,takeawalk7.________(outdoor)anddomoreexerciseeveryday.Tochangethewayofbrains'activitiesisalsoagoodwaytorest.Ineverydaylife,toeatsomeeggs,meat,freshvegetablesandfruitisalsogoodforthebrains.Wishyouawisemananda8.________(happily)life.peacefulactiveoutdoorshappy(二)快捷技法解题规则思考趋向分析句子成分,看空格处所要填的词是作定语还是状语,如果作定语修饰名词,就用形容词;如果作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子,则用副词。若提示词是形容词或副词,考虑形容词和副词之间的转化。(三)重点强化形容词变副词的规则1.一般情况加lycommon→commonlyimmediate→immediately2.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,将y改为i然后加lysteady→steadilybusy→busily3.以le结尾,去掉e加ysimple→simplygentle→gently4.以ic结尾,加allyeconomic→economicallyscientific→scientifically(一)考点练悟下文中共有5处错误,每句中最多有两处。请找出并改正。DearDavid,IthasbeenhalfayearsinceyouleftChina.How'severythinggoing?Recent,anactivitythemed“ForeignersTellChineseStories”willbeheldinourschool.AnyforeignstudentwhoisenthusiasticaboutChinacantakepartinit.Ithinkyouaresuitablyfortheactivity,foryouusedtoliveinChinaandlearnedsomanyaboutthecountry.YoucanwriteaboutyourunderstandingofChinesecultureasgoodasyourpersonallyexperiencesinChina.Youareexpectedtowriteanarticleabout500wordsinEnglish.I'dappreciateitifyoucouldmailyourarticletochinesestory2019@126.combeforeMay21st,2019.I'mlookingforwardtoyourparticipation.Yours,LiHua答案:第三句:Recent→Recently第五句:suitably→suitable;many→much第六句:good→well;personally→personal(二)快捷技法解题规则思考趋向一般来说,作定语和表语时用形容词;作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或修饰整个句子时用副词。2.形容词与副词之间的错用(1)“意近”引起的错用:例如many和much都表示“很多”,但many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词。(2)“形近”引起的错用:例如hard与hardly,前者表示“努力地”,后者表示“几乎不”。(3)意思重复:例如so和very表达同一含义,故不能同时使用。(4)像deep,high,slow等本身也是副词,加上ly后还是副词,此时前者表示具体,后者表示
本文标题:高考英语二轮复习资料ppt第三板块语法填空与短文改错NO2再研考点第一层级抓牢词法保基本分第三讲形容
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-7375499 .html