新课标高考英语第一轮复习教案第29讲阅读理解二

一、教学内容：阅读理解（二）二、教学目标：1、掌握阅读题中五大题型2、结合练习掌握解题技巧三、重点、难点：如何根据阅读理解题考查角度的不同，采用不同的解题技巧1、细节理解2、猜测词义3、推理判断4、主旨大意5、观点态度阅读理解专项复习（二）一、推理判断:这种题型属于主观题，是层次较高的设题。主要是检测考生能否通过文章的字面意思去领悟作者的言外之意的能力。它要求考生依据全篇内在逻辑关系进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。注意解题技巧：1.不选择照抄原文的选项，选择有同义词解释的选项。2.不选事实细节选项3.不选非事实选项4.选概括性/哲理性的选项常见提问形式有:1.Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthepassagethat______2.Thepassagesuggests/impliesthat____3.Bythefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph,theauthormeans_____4.Wecanconcludethat_________.5.Whenthewritertalksabout...,whathereallymeansisthat_____.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?SampleⅠWhentheyoungwaitressnearmyhousestartedsayinghellotomeeveryday,Iwasveryhappy.ShewasatleastfifteenyearsyoungerthanI.Onedayshesignedmetocomenear.WhenIwalkedover,sheasked,“Areyousingle?”“Why,yes.”Ianswered,smilingatherhappily.“Soismymother.”shesaid,“Wouldyouliketomeether?”1.Thewritertalkedaboutthewaitress’agebecausehethought__________.A.shewasyoungB.itapleasuretomakefriendswithherC.shewasbeautifulD.itstrangeforhertofallinlovewithhim2.Thewaitresssaidhellotothewritereverydaybecause___________.A.shelivednearhishouseB.heoftenwenttovisithermotherC.shewantedtobefriendlywithhimD.shelovedhimverymuch（DC）SampleⅡAnnealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingitcoolveryslowly.Ifmetalisheatedandthencooledveryquickly,forexamplebydipping(浸)itinwater,itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle-thatis,itwillbreakeasily.Metalthathasbeenannealedissoftbutdoesnotbreakaseasily.Itispossibletomakemetalashardorassoftasitiswished,byannealingit.Themetalisheated,andallowedtocoolslowlyforacertainlengthoftime.Thelongertheheatedmetaltakestocoolslowly,thesofteritbecomes.Annealingcanalsobeusedonothermaterial,suchasglass.1.Whydopeopleputhotmetalinwater?A.Tomakeithard.B.Tomakeitsoft.C.Tomakeitcool.D.Tomakeitbrittle.2.Inannealing,therequiredhardnessofmetaldependson___________.A.thequantityofwaterusedB.thetemperatureofthemetalC.thesoftnessofthemetalD.thetimingoftheoperation3.Assuggestedbythetext,howcanglassbemadelessbrittle?A.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledquickly.B.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedslowly.C.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledslowly.D.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedquickly.（DDC）二、主旨大意：加工与浓缩信息的能力1.标题类常见的题型:1）Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe____.2）Thetext(passage)couldbeentitled.3）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?4）Whichofthefollowingwouldbesuitableasatitleforthepassage?2.大意类常见题型1）Thispassagechieflydealswith____.2）What’sthetopicofthearticle?3）Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?[来源:学科网]4）Withwhattopicisthepassagechieflyconcerned?3.目的主旨大意类常见题型1）Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageis______.2）Thepassageismeantto_____3）Thepurposeofthisarticleis_______4.主题句呈现的形式A.文首：提出主题,随之用细节来解释,支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想.最常见的演绎法写作方式。Sample1Thepandaisapopularanimal.StoriesaboutthepandaintheWashingtonZooarealwaysfrontpagenewsandimportantfeaturesontelevisionnewscasts.Stuffedpandasareamongthemostpopulartoysforchildren,andpandapostcardsarealwaysindemandinzoogiftshops.Sample2[来源:学科网ZXXK]Todaytheproblemofenvironmenthasbecomemoreandmoreserious.Theworldpopulationisrising,soquicklythattheworldhasbecometoocrowded.Weareusingupournaturalresourcestooquicklyandatthesametimewearepollutingourenvironmentwithdangerouschemicals.Ifwecontinuetodothis,humanlifeonearthwillnotsurvive.B.文尾：在表述细节后，归纳要点、印象、结论、建议或结果，以概括主题。这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式。Somestudentspreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Othersprefertobelefttoworkontheirown.Stillotherslikeademocraticdiscussiontypeofclass.Nooneteachingmethodcanbedevisedtosatisfyallstudentsatthesametime.C.文中：通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释，支撑或发展。Nothingisasusefulasaflashlightinadarknightifatiregoesflat.Fewinventionsaresohelpfultoachildwhoisafraidofthedark.Infact,themodernflashlightbringslighttomanydarksituations.Findingsomethinginthebackofaclosetiseasywithaflashlightinhandacamperalsoneedsoneafterthelightofthecampfirehasbeenout.D.无主题句：即主题句隐含在全文中，没有明确的主题句。必须根据文篇中所提供的事实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析，然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。必须注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。JoshuaBinghamstudied4yearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.HowJoshuaBinghambecamealawyer.B.Binghamisadiligentstudent.C.JoshuaBinghamreceivedanexcellenteducation.D.Agoodlawyerneedsgoodeducation.（C）三、观点态度:既考查学生对字面意思的理解，也考查学生对作者写作目的、态度、观点等的理解。正确理解作者的写作意图，所持的观点及阐述文章主题时的语气或对所论述的对象的态度。—假如你是作者，你为什么要写本文？此类考题的主要形式：1.Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthisstoryis______.2.Thetextdiscussesmenandwomen50,000yearsfromnowinordertoshowthat_____.注意：辨认三种作者使用的表达情感、态度及观点的词汇，以及承接上下文的连接词。贬义：disgust,critical,negative,tolerant,disappointment褒义：positive,wonder,support,useful,interesting,enthusiasm,admiring…中立：indifferent,impassive,uninterested,ambivalent,neutral,apathetic,humor,disinterested,disinterestSampleⅠOneofthemostauthoritativevoicesspeakingtoustodayis,ofcourse,thevoiceoftheadvertisers.Itshoutsatusfromthetelevisionscreenandtheradioloudspeakers;wavestousf