2020年高考一轮英语大一轮复习语法专题课件并列句和状语从句

并列句的考查要点时间状语从句的考查要点让步状语从句的考查要点地点状语从句：where，wherever等原因状语从句：because，for，as，since，nowthat目的状语从句：that，sothat，inorderthat方式状语从句：as，asif/though条件状语从句：if，unless，so/aslongas，incase，once，onconditionthat等语法与写作注意状语从句中从句的省略现象语法填空结果状语从句：that，sothat，so...that...，such...that...1并列句的考查要点1．并列句的基本概念并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。2．常见的并列连词(1)表示递进或顺承关系：常用的并列连词有and，notonly...but(also)...等。Hehadplentyofmoneyandhespentitfreely.Notonlydidhespeakmorecorrectly，butalsohespokemoreeasily.(2)表示选择关系：常用的并列连词有or，either...or...等。Eitheryouareright，orIam.(3)表示转折关系：常用的并列连词有but，yet，whereas等。Janesaidshewasill，yetIsawherinthestreetjustnow.Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults，whereasothersdonot.(4)表示因果关系：常用的并列连词有so，for等。Itmusthaverainedlastnight，foritiswetallover.Theshopswereclosed，soIdidn’tgetanymilk.(5)when还可用作并列连词，意为“那时，这时”，相当于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：①sb.wasdoingsth.when...；②sb.wasabouttodo/goingtodo/onthepointofdoingsth.when...；③sb.hadjustdonesth.when...。Wewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokein.Wewereabouttosetoffwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.(6)while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。Helikespopmusic，whileIamfondoffolkmusic.语法填空1．—Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.—Thefirsttwoarefree____thethirdcosts30.2．Tomwasabouttoclosethewindow_____hisattentionwascaughtbyabird.3．Don’tdrivesofast，__you’llhaveanaccident.题组训练1whilewhenor4．Sheisseriouslyill，______shedoesn’tgiveuphope.5．Heisagoodteacher，______heisverypopularwithstudents.but/yetso/and2时间状语从句的考查要点1．before引导的从句中不用否定式谓语。常用如下句型：Itwillbelongbefore...(得过好久才……)Itwillnotbelongbefore...(过不了多久就……)Itwaslongbefore...(过了好久才……)Itwasnotlongbefore...(过了不久就……)Itistwoyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他参军两年了。Itistwoyearssincehesmoked.他戒烟两年了。since＋瞬间动词过去式从该动作发生时算起since＋持续性动词过去式从动作结束时算起2．since后面所用动词不同，该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同。3．as，when，while用法一览表。类别作用例句asas表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。ShecameupasIwascooking.(同时)Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.(几乎同时)when(atorduringthetimethat)既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(指时间点)Whenwewereatschool，wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段时间内)whilewhile意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示aperiodoftime时，两者可以互换。Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.Strikewhiletheironishot.(用as或when不可，这里的while意思是“趁……”)4.引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：(1)till，not...until...，untilDon’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.Hewaitedforhisfatheruntil/tillitwastwelveo’clock.(2)hardly/scarcely...when，nosooner...than表示“刚……就”Wehadhardlygot/Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadhearrived/Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanshestartedcomplaining.(3)directly，immediately，themoment，theminute，theinstant，assoonas，意为“一……就”Hemadeforthedoordirectlyheheardtheknock.Themomenthesawhismother，heburstintotears.(4)eachtime，everytimeEachtimehecametomycity，hewouldcallonme.语法填空1．Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood，Iwon’tbothertoseeit，orI’llwait_______itcomesoutonDVD.2．Theyrushedin_____wewerediscussingproblems.3．OneFriday，wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway____mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.题组训练2until/tillwhilewhen4．ItwasApril29,2001_____PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.5．Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeech____thestudentsstartedcheering.whenthan3让步状语从句的考查要点1．although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。Although/Thoughtheyarepoor，(yet)theyarewarm-hearted.2．evenif或eventhough引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”、“纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。I’llgetthereevenif/thoughIhavetosellmyhousetogetenoughmoneytogobyair.3．nomatter后接上who，what，where，how等疑问词引导让步状语从句，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever，whatever，wherever，however等。但在引导名词性从句时只能用wh-ever类词。Don’ttrusthim，nomatterwhat/whateverhesays.Iwilleatwhateveryougiveme.Nomatterhowhardtheworkis，you’dbettertrytodoitwell.4．as也可以引导让步状语从句，需将从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词提前至从句句首，引起倒装；作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需省去。though引导的从句也可以倒装，但although引导的不可以。Childas(though)heis，heknowsalot.MuchasIlikeit，Iwon’tbuy.Tryashewould，hecouldn’tlifttheheavybox.5．while也可以引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，比though/although语气弱。while引导的让步状语从句一般要位于句首。语法填空1．Itwasanicemeal，______alittleexpensive.2．____________________volleyballishermainfocus，she’salsogreatatbasketball.3．Frankinsistedthathewasnotasleep______________Ihadgreatdifficultyinwakinghimup.题组训练3thoughWhile/Though/Althoughalthough/though4．_______________regularexerciseisveryimportant，it’sneveragoodideatoexercisetooclosetobedtime.5．_____________________allofthemarestrongcandidates，onlyonewillbechosenforthepost.6．We’llmakeatrip_____________theweatherisbad.Although/ThoughWhile/Though/Althoughevenif/though4原因状语从句：because，for，as，since，nowthat1．表示不知道的原因时用because，即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。YouwanttoknowwhyI’mleaving？I’mleavingbecauseI’mfedupwiththeboss.for虽然表示不知道的原因，但其语气较because要弱得多，是可说可不说的话，它只能置于主句之后，这时，for是并列连词。如果不是因果关系，而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时，只能用for。It’smorningnow，forthebirdsaresinging.(很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因)。2．表示已经知道的原因时用as或since，即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于语句之前，但有时却相反。Seeingallofthechildrenalreadyseated，hesaid，“Sinceeveryoneishere，let’sst