2018考研英语写作-新东方笔记整理

1一、列提纲关键词Case：过度消费Over-consumingbehavior(消费行为)过度消费很严重，举例子energy-consumingbehavior(能源消费)引出宏观主题conserveenergy（保护能源）节约很重要frugalityplaysakey/critical（至关重要的）roleinlivinginasafeandhigh-standardedway.what、描述why★(case)现象词，内外因关键词，举例子的关键词/effectHow提建议Case:1、quitjob（辞职）practical生活化I、migratetoanothercitytofightforthecommonidealwithmygirlfriend.II、finditdifficulttogetalongwithmyimmediatemanager／immediatesuperior（主管）.III、needmorechallenge,I’mapersonwhoisfullofpassion,personalityandendurance.2、人们为什么应该接受高等教育？Whydoyouthinkpeopleshouldattendcollege?I、findagoodjobII、toundergomoreandgainmore.写有关的名人名言名人名言要作为论据观点+名言+结论（点评要点题）Asanoldfamousproverb／aclassicsayinggoes,“nopains,nogains.”Thewaytopracticeacademicresearchmayappeartougherthanyouhaveeverimagined,yetwewillwinthesmileoftheworldinthisprocessofpursuingeminence（卓越）.III、tobettermypersonality,leadaculturallife太过抽象要具体化,whichisdefinedasafluentinteractionbetweenknowledgeandcourtesy（文明）.如何加修饰1.名词+which/who/that名词，which/whoCase:许多人很重视自己拥有多少奢侈品。Takeseriouslysth.重视把sth放到后面takeintoaccountsth.把···拿来考虑Over-expensivegoods/products奢侈品抽象的问题具体化（1）Manypeopletakeseriouslyluxuries.WhoconsiderAasB2扩展：那些把一个人拥有财产的数量当做评判其社会地位的唯一标准的人们，会很重视追逐奢侈品的生活方式。把...当做....Consider/regard/see/termAasBManypeoplewhoconsiderAasBtakeseriouslythelifestyleofpursuingluxuries.A:thenumberofone’sblinggoodsB:anonlystandardtojudgehis/hersocialpositionManypeoplewhoconsiderthequantityofone’sblingbelongingsasauniquecriteriontojudgeone’ssocialrank,thus,maytakeseriouslythelifestyleof“chasingafter”luxuries.(metaphor)暗喻pursuitofhappiness当幸福来敲门2.名词/句子结尾+V-ed、en(被动)/V-ing(主动)非谓语动词Case1:youngsters,rangingfrom/whorangefrom20to30-yearolds多举数字Case2:研究发现，和十年前的5%相比，现在有近24%的年轻白领表示不清楚自己想要什么。（最后写“和十年前的5%相比”）Accordingtoarecentreport....Itisreportedthat....多用被动About24percentofyoungwhitecollars，rangingfrom25to30-yearolds,don’tknowexactlywhattheyreallywant，comparedwiththoseof5percentonedecadeago.例子：Thatfiresavedustheagonyofdecidingwhattokeepandwhattogetridof.Arecentfindinghasprovidedthefirstconcrete（具体的）cluethat24percentmoreorlessofyoungwhitecollars，rangingfrom25to30-yearolds,arebarelysureofwhattokeepandwhattogetridof,comparedwiththoseof5percentonedecadeago.Besureofbebarelysureof不要not！3.名词+with+名词后面从属于前面的aprettygirl→agirlwithanangel-likefaceandafairy-likefigure天使的脸蛋，魔鬼的身材Case:当今，很多有钱人喜欢通过买豪车来显示自己的成功和存在。Nowadays,alotofricheslikebuyingluxuriousautostoshowtheirexistence.Peoplewith...Whichareconsideredas.....Peoplewithmoneybulgingoutofone’spocketsThesedays,anoverwhelmingnumberofpeople,withmoneybulgingoutoftheirpockets,areswitchingtheirexpenditure(花费，支出)intopurchasinglimousines（豪车）/luxuriousvehicles,(whichare)defined/termedasthetypicalmarksofone’sattainment（成功）.3开头单刀直入---虚开头1.图表作文chart（所有图表都能用）/illustration表格tableThetablegivenaboveorderlyarrangestheinformation／figuresabout主题,whichindicates／discloses（揭露）atruthofmatterthat趋势句(先总趋势，再展开数据细节--找最高点，最低点，转折点)主题：thepopulationwhohavetakenplasticsurgery饼图piechartThepiechart(whichis)givenabovecomparestheproportions／percentagedistributionsof主题,manifesting／displayingthat趋势（先趋势，后展开数据细节）主题：Chinese“post-graduateexam（研究生考试）”participantsandthecandidates（候选人）ofthepublicservant（公务员）趋势图linechart/柱状图barchartThelinechartmanifestedaboveindicatesthequantityvariation（体现了数量的变化）of...主题词overtheperiodfromyear...to...,displayingthat…先趋势，后展开数据细节可以把三种图表的三个句子融合成一个自己的句子！！！数据描写--如何展开细节，注意加减乘除，算出百分比参考：...呈上升趋势，其中2000年与2005年保持平衡，08年是07年的...倍Thesalesvolume（销售数量）risesupsharplyby25percentto10billiondollarsinthethirdquarterin1998,thenkeepingstable（稳定）from1999to2007,withaslightdropof…inyear2000.Themostapparently,turnoversvolume（销售额）in2008istwiceasmanyasitisin2007,whichmeans...（引出宏观观点、主题句）.背诵短语Holdsteady保持平衡increaseto达到了...increaseby涨了...（是百分比）godown/slide下降dropby...to跌了...达到…riseupsteadily平稳增长riseup/decreasedramatically（戏剧化，引人瞩目的）/slightly（轻微的）2.漫画作文虚开头经典套话Ascanbeseeninthepicturegivenabove，…Asisvividlyillustratedinthecartoongivenabove,…使用人数太多4直接描述02年考研真题：美国女孩穿着中国传统服饰正常：AbeautifulAmericangirlisinthecartoongivenabove.倒装：InthecartoongivenaboveisabeautifulAmericangirl，←whoisstandingoverthereinaChinesetraditionalcostume，smilingjustlikeaflower.修饰：Sweetandgraceful,adeliciously（副词，加深修饰程度）prettyAmericangirlisheadingtowardsus,dancingwithswinginglocksinaChinesetraditionalcostume.句子除了主谓宾，其他都是修饰，随便放05年考研试题，“养老足球赛”素颜：Apoorelder,whoisdesperateandhelpless,isbeingkickedamonghisdaughters’andsons’feet.（中英太过一一对应）修饰：Desperateandhelpless,apoorelderisbeingkickedjustlikeafootballamongtheseevilfeet.12年悲观乐观Positivelyandoptimistically,themanintherightsideofthepictureconsidersalittlewaterinthebottleasaGod-blessedpresent（神赐的礼物）,yetintheleftsideistheotherone（倒装，挨着修饰的who）whocouldmerelycondemn（谴责）thenearlyemptybottleasatotallybrokenhope.副词与动词匹配Positivelyandoptimisticallyconsiders形容词与主语搭配positiveandoptimisticman--ive是抽象的，与抽象概念搭配，所以positiveman不可以，可以是attitude文化火锅Nutritious(有营养的)andtasteful,（倒装）inthehot-potarethoseirresistibledishes,includingChineseKung-fu,Shakespeare,westernhumanities,Buddhism（佛教）,etc.,whichareregardedasasplendid（豪华的，极好的）cu