我国企业海外研发投资的对策研究

FDIR&DR&DFDIR&DFDIimprovetheutilizationofOverseasR&Dresources,implementthemultiplicationofOverseasR&DinvestmentsothattheirOverseasR&DinvestmentandtheirFDIcanpromoteeachotherandfinallytheirGlobalR&Dnetworkcanbeformed.Atthesametime,asenterprises’powerfulbacking,ourgovernmentshouldtookmoremethodstohelpChineseenterprisesincreasetheirOverseasR&Dinvestment,suchasfurtherreformingthenationalinnovationsystemtoenableenterprisestobecomethemainbodyofR&Dinvestment,positivelyformulatingencouragementmeasureandstrengtheningfinancing.Keyword:OverseasR&D;Technicalinnovation;Technicallevel1R&DMNESR&DFDIR&DR&DFDI2[1]R&DR&DPearceR&DR&DKuemmerleR&DHBEHBAPearceSerapeR&DR&DR&D3R&D2003R&D2003R&D2003R&DR&D2003R&DR&D2003R&DR&DR&DR&D2003ZT4“”1R&D2536R&DR&DTeece[2]1992Branstetter[3]20017R&DR&DR&DFDIR&DFDIR&DR&D[4]FDIR&DR&D8FDIFDI()R&DR&D9R&DR&DR&DR&DR&D9020041657000123696093.42008R&D10FDIR&DFDICockburnHenderson1998[5]“”“”[6]R&DTCL11R&D123R&D4R&DR&DR&DR&D1BuckleyCasson1976[7]Teece1981[8]12202[9]“”R&D(TPdPs)WTO313FosfuriMotta1999[10]FrischFranke2000[11]3R&DR&DR&DTeece199214R&D2070R&DR&DR&D1987R&D9.3%200318%60100R&D198715%200323%32%R&D32R&DR&D15[12]R&DWernerfelt1984Barney[13]“”“”“”“”R&DWTO16R&D“”1992“”20“”[14]20022.8%“”“”R&D17“”TechnicalSupport[15]“”[16](TRIMS)19982000200322.4200160%200465%1R&D50041452181807R&D1897608.0918051.49[17]10R&DR&DR&DR&DR&D[18]2[19]3R&DR&D19R&DR&D1R&D(1992)R&D20R&DR&D——R&DR&D24R&DBersteinR&DR&D11.5%25%115%25%72%[20]R&D“”R&DR&DR&D2R&DFDI21R&D22R&D1985—198910%60%R&D1995—199930%R&D2000[21]6766.7%R&DTCL[22]R&D()TCLTCLDLP200210TCLTCL232004111994720021“”“”HSW-233M2003HSW-500SLG200163GR&D200411IBMPCPCR&DGoodyear—19982243CDMA1x20004CDMA1994“UAI”11()20026LigentInternationalInc.LigentPhotonicsInc7113.8Hynix(Hydis)TFT—LCD20019CDMACDMAR&D(Demand-oriented)(Supply—oriented)R&DR&D,R&D25R&DR&DR&DR&DR&DR&D1R&DR&DR&DR&DR&DR&DR&DR&R&2R&DR&DR&DTCLR&DR&D26R&DR&DR&D6766.7%R&DR&D50020005000R&D50033%500200044%2000500024260022%[23]18051.495019862002R&D46147R&D19862002R&D65197R&D12058%8%R&D205013%R&D5010021%R&D27100[24]R&D100R&DR&D1000R&DR&D100%()20%87.5%R&D80%R&D67%R&D10%55%R&D[25]R&D7090%199471118116287HSW-500SHSW-233M“”R&D—21“99”R&D“”“”R&DR&D40%13%7%67%93.4%6.7%15%25%29711711330R&D3011719982R&DGoodyear—R&D1994719982199863CDMA1x20024CDMA31123R&DR&D1994——117R&D32LigentInternationalInc.TCL[26]33R&DR&DR&DZTFDI3470%90%50035CohenLevinthal[27]19891990R&DR&D3650037R&DR&DR&D1R&DR&D38R&DGDP0.7%2%2.7%GDPR&D500R&D1%1.5%500R&D5%10%2R&DR&DR&DR&D59%41%74%26%62%38%58%42%R&D23%77%[28]R&D313.9%4“”5R&DR&DR&DR&DNadiriR&D397R&D0R&DR&D27%—60%R&D0{29]R&D1997R&D4040%“”41“”CohenLevinthal[30]19891990“”R&DR&D1998R&D551(GDP)0.69%R&D2279.3GNP2.79%R&D875.4GNP2.33%R&DR&D42R&DR&D“”“”“”4312FDIFDIFDI44“”R&DR&D4546FDIZTZTZT48TI—ZTEDSP45%10%10[31]ZTZT(1))(2))(3)CDMA1X[32]47ZTG5MR&D4820019SanJoseCDMACDMANexperia200063CDMAIPCDMAIT49R&DR&DR&DBhide50010071%AlmeidaKogutR&DR&D20%20%50R&DR&DR&D51R&DR&DFDIR&DR&DR&D52R&DR&DR&DR&D535455[1]R&DR&D[J]2003(12)19[2]TeeceD.J.1992.“InternationalInvestmentandTechnologicalDevelopmentinsiliconvalley.”,CaliforniaManagementReview,34,pp.88—106[3]Branstetter,Lee,2001.“IsForeignDirectInvestmentachannelofKnowledgeSpillovers?EvidencefromJapan’sFDIintheUnitedstates.”,ColumbiaBusinessSchoolandNBERWorkingpapers.[4]R&D[J]2004(1)132-133[5]Cockburn,I.&Henderson,R.,1998.“AbsorptiveCapacity,oauthoringBehavior,andtheOrganizationofResearchinDrugDiscoveryTheJournalofIndustrialEconomics,volumeXLVL,No.2,pp,157-182[6][J]20042103[7]Bulckley,P.J.,&Casson,M.C.(1976).Thefutureofthemultinationalenterprise.London:Macmillan.[8]Teece,D.J.(1981).Themultinationalenterprise:marketfailureandmarketpowerconsiderations.SloanManagementReview,22,3-18.[9][J]20042102[10]Fosfuri,A.&Motta,M.,1999.MultinationalsWithoutAdvantages.ScandinavianJournalofEconomics,101,pp,617-630[11]FloridaR.TheGlobalizationofR&D:ResultsofaSurveyofForeign-affilliatedR&DLaboratoriesintheUSAResearchpolicy,Vol26no.1March1997.[12]R&D[J]2003(8)4156[13]Barney,J.B.(1991)Firmresourcesandsustainedcompetitiveadvantage.JournalofManagement,17,99-120.[14][J]ICXO.COM2004-4-28[15][14][16]R&D[J]2004(2)66[17][J]2004(1)25[18][J]2003(10)31[19]R&D[J]2003(5)37[20]R&D[J]2002(9)40[21]R&D[J]2003(2)52[22]R&D[J]2003(8)41[23]R&D[J]2003(2)52[24][22][25]R&D[J]2003(8)43[26]R&D[J]2003(7)34[27]Cohen,W.M.andLevinthal,D.A.,1990.“AbsorptiveCapacity:ANewPerspectiveonLearningandInnovation,AdministrativeScienceOuarterly.”Vol.35,pp.128-152.[28]57[29][20][30]Cohen,W.M.andLevinthal,D.A.,1990.“AbsorptiveCapacity:ANewPerspectiveonLearningandInnovation,AdministrativeScienceOuarterly.”Vol.35,pp.128-152.[31]ZT[J]20042:37-40[32][31]58[1][2][3]R&DMNES12[1]R&D[J]2003(7):27.[2]R&D[J]2002(9):40.[3][J]2004(1)2559R&DR&DR&DFDIR&DR&D60[4][5]R&DR&DR&D1234R&D56123[4][J]ICXO.COM2004-4-28[5]Fosfuri,A.&Motta,M.,1999.“MultinationalsWithoutAdvantages.”ScandinavianJournalofEconomics,101,pp,617-6306162Synopsis(1)TheInternationalizationofR&Dhasbecomeanimportanttrendofworldeconomicintegrationaftertrade-globalization,production-globalization,finance-capitalization.Soover