(完整版)外研社小学英语(一年级起点)四年级下知识点整理

TheshortestwaytodomanythingsistoonlyonethingatatimeandAllthingsintheirbeingaregoodforsomethingandSufferingisthemostpowerfulteacheroflife1英语（四年级下）主要知识点整理（例句都是课本中原句）1.祈使句：表示请求、命令、建议等的句子。祈使句不需要主语，谓语动词用原形，句子末尾一般用感叹号。eg:(1)Don’twalkonthegrass!（否定祈使句）(2)Let’smakeanewspaper!（肯定祈使句）2.一般现在时：经常发生的动作或状态(常与always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never,everyday/week/year,onSundays...连用)(1)be动词的一般现在时：（比较简单）Iam,We/You/Theyare,He/She/Itis，Thereis+单数名词或不可数名词,Thereare+复数名词eg:It’snotbeautiful,butit’shelpful.(2)行为动词的一般现在时：（单数第三人称的变化是重点、易错点;助动词用do,don’t,does,doesn’t）eg:(1)Thismachinecutsthepotatoes.(2)DoesheliveinNewYork?(3)Fishliveintheriverandbirdsliveinthetree.(***注意fish单数TheshortestwaytodomanythingsistoonlyonethingatatimeandAllthingsintheirbeingaregoodforsomethingandSufferingisthemostpowerfulteacheroflife2和复数写法一样，这里fish前面没有a,所以是复数形式，后面接谓语动词要用原形。另外，Sheep和deer单复数也是一样的形式)3.一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或状态（常与...ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek/year/month,onceuponatime,oneday,thenextday,in2016...连用）(1)be动词的一般过去时：I/He/She/Itwas,We/You/Theywere,Therewas+单数名词或不可数名词,Therewere+复数名词eg：Onceuponatime,therewasaboy.(讲故事常用说法)(2)行为动词的一般过去时：(助动词用did,didn’t)①一般动词变化：构成法：1.动词原形+ed.如：look--looked2.以e结尾的词+d.如：live--lived3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词，改y为i,再加ed.如：study--studied,cry--cried.4.以重读闭音节或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，双写这个辅音字母，再加ed.如:clap--clapped,stop--stopped,prefer--preferredTheshortestwaytodomanythingsistoonlyonethingatatimeandAllthingsintheirbeingaregoodforsomethingandSufferingisthemostpowerfulteacheroflife3②不规则动词变化：如had,said,put,saw,got,ran,learnt(英式写法),bought,came,took,went等eg1:Theanimalshadaconcertlastweek.eg2:Thenextday,theboyrantothevillageagain.eg3:Whatdidheplayyesterday?eg4:WhendidyougetuplastSunday?Igotupat8o’clock.4.一般将来时：表示还没有发生但将要发生的事情或动作(常与tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nextyear/month/week,soon,inthefuture,in...minutes/hours/days...连用)(1)Begoingto+动词原形：多表示即将发生，最近打算、计划、安排好要做的事情，主观性较强(区分人称，be动词变化am,is,are)eg:She’sgoingtovisitAustralia.(2)Will+动词原形：多表示即将发生的动作或状态，不受主观因素影响的单纯的将来，客观性较强(不区分人称，都用will)(***目前小学阶段对这两种形式区分并不明显，可以互换使用)eg:WewillgotothezooonSunday.5.现在进行时：表示正在进行或发生的动作(常与now,atpresent,atthismoment连用)TheshortestwaytodomanythingsistoonlyonethingatatimeandAllthingsintheirbeingaregoodforsomethingandSufferingisthemostpowerfulteacheroflife4Be动词+动词的现在分词(***区分人称，注意动词的现在分词构成的特殊情况）动词的现在分词构成法：(1)一般规则：动词+ing,如:work--working.(2)以e结尾的动词去掉e加ing.如:live--living,have--having.(3)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，双写这个辅音字母，再加ing.如:swim--swimming,clap--clapping,refer--referring.(4)以ie结尾的重读开音节的词，改ie为y,再加ing.如:die--dying.eg:(1)What’shappeningnow?(2)Damingismakingacardforhisfather.(3)Wearehavingaparty.6.购物相关话题：（1）Iwanttobuyapen.（2）It’sexpensive/cheap.（3）Itcostsonehundredandeighteenyuan.（4）Whowantstobuyit?7.音乐演奏相关话题：(***演奏乐器前要加定冠词the)TheshortestwaytodomanythingsistoonlyonethingatatimeandAllthingsintheirbeingaregoodforsomethingandSufferingisthemostpowerfulteacheroflife5(1)Iplayedthepianoyesterday.(2)You’replayingtheviolinforyourfather.(3)Mymumanddadplayedintheconcert.(4)Intheend,everyoneclapped.(***注意玩球类运动不能加定冠词the,eg:Iplayedfootballyesterday.)8.时间相关话题：(1)What’sthetimenow?(2)Whattimeisitnow?(3)It’s2o’clock.(4)Isitbreakfast/lunch/dinnertimenow?(5)TheChinesecartoonShaolinKidsisonTVat8o’clock.9.方向相关话题：(1)Whereisthelibrary?(2)It’sinthenorth/south/west/eastofChina.(3)Iwenttothenorth/south/west/east.(4)BeijingisthecapitalofChina.10.原因相关话题：TheshortestwaytodomanythingsistoonlyonethingatatimeandAllthingsintheirbeingaregoodforsomethingandSufferingisthemostpowerfulteacheroflife6(1)Whydofishliveintheriver?(2)Becausecatscan’tliveinthewater.