(牛津译林版)八年级英语下册课件：U1-Grammar

8下Unit1PastandpresentGrammarThePresentPerfectTense现在完成时Haveyoueverheardtheirsongsbefore?Wehavealreadyknowntheirsongs.Ihaveheardthesongmanytimes.Haveyoueverheardthissongbefore?现在完成时主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时用法一.表示过去发生或已完成的作对现在造成的影响和结果。Haveyoueverheardthesongbefore?Wehavealreadyknownthesong.Whereisthefood?Eddiehasjusteatenit.二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或状态,并且动作或状态仍可能在继续。上一页下一页MrChenhaslivedinSunshineTownsincehewasborn.自从MrChen出生以来，就一直住在阳光镇。IhavetaughtEnglishformanyyears.我已经教了多年的英语。现在完成时的用法主菜单三.表示某事直到现在发生了多少次.现在完成时用法Ihaveheardthesongmanytimes.IhaveseentheSpringFestivalGalathreetimes.现在完成时主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的基本结构现在完成时的基本结构（1）肯定句：I/We/You/They+have+p.p(过去分词）+其它。He/She/It+has+p.p(过去分词）+其它。e.g.We______________MantisShrimp.(know）It______________verypopularnow.（become)haveknownhasbecome我们已经吃过披萨了WehavehadPizzaLet’spractise现在完成时的基本结构（2）否定句：e.g.MrChen____________toanyothercityyet.(notmove）Thesnow_____________yet.(notmelt融化）hasn’tmovedI/We/You/They+havenot/haven’t+p.p(过去分词）+其它。He/She/It+hasnot/hasn’t+p.p(过去分词）+其它。hasn’tmeltedLet’spractise我父母还没有回来Myparentshaven’tcomebackhomeyet.(3)一般疑问句及回答---Have+I/you/we/they+p.p(过去分词）+其它？---Yes,I/you/we/theyhave.---No,I/you/we/theyhaven’t.---Has+she/he/it+p.p(过去分词）+其它？---Yes,she/he/ithas.---No,she/he/ithasn’t.e.g.1.---_______youever_______TFboysbefore?(meet）2.---______MantisShrimp________verypopularrecently?（become)Havemet---No,Ihaven’tHasbecome---Yes,ithas.brushyourteethbrushedyourteethA:Haveyou…?B:Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.Let’spractisereadthebookreadthebookA:Hasshe…?B:Yes,shehas./No,shehasn’t.Let’spractise现在完成时主菜单上一页下一页过去分词的构成规则动词不规则动词BaseformPastparticipleBaseformPastparticiplevisitvisitedhithitrepairrepairedputputlivelivedmeetmetmovemovedmakemadetrytriedsellsoldstudystudiedgivegivenfitfittedwritewrittenplanplannedthinkthought过去分词的构成规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。finish---finished---finished,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。change—changed—changed,live---lived---lived,(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“ed”。carry--carried---carried,cry---cried---cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped不规则动词过去分词的构成参见P122原形过去式过去分词costcostcostreadreadreadmeetmetmetcatchcaughtcaughtbewas/werebeenfallfellfallendrawdrewdrawnflyflewflownseesawseenbeatbeatbeatenABBAAAABCAABExA.写出下列动词的过去分词P14RegularverbsIrregularverbsInfinitivePastparticleInfinitivePastparticleborrowborrowedmakemadehopehopedgetgotplanplannedsendsentcrycriedsaysaidwatchwatchedgrowgrownenjoyenjoyedhithitExB.用现在完成时完成下列句子：(p14)1.They______________(finish)theirhomeworkalready.2.John_______never_______(visit)China.3.MrLi______________(repair)overtenbicyclessinceMonday.4.We________________(notsee)eachotherforyears.5.Myparents______________(notcome)backyet.6.Ourteacher_____________(teach)usalotaboutthehistoryofChina.havefinishedhavevisitedhasrepairedhaven’tseenhaven’tcomehastaught现在完成时主菜单上一页下一页现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语◆常与与现在完成时连用的时间状语，如:already,never,ever,just,yet,recently,sofar,overtheyears等◆还与表示一段时间的状语连用，如since…,formanyyears,......before.等.◆还常和表示次数的时间状语连用，如once,twice,manytimes上一页下一页主菜单“Hasthebusleftyet”?“Yes.Ithasalreadyleft.”“No.Ithasn’tleftyet.“汽车开走了吗？”“是的，已经开走了。”“不，还没有开走。”上一页下一页Tips★already是“已经”之意，用在肯定句中。yet用在疑问句和否定句中，在否定句中有“还”之意。1.Hehas_________visitedmanyplacesinChina.2.Thetrainhasn’tarrived_________.3.Hasshearrived_________?4.Hasn’thecomeback_________?alreadyyetyetyetTip:“already”可用在句中.“yet”只用在句末Practice：用“already”“yet”填空IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.Ihavelivedheresince2000.Ihavelivedheresince14yearsago.Ihavelivedherefor14years.一、since+上一页下一页主菜单一个时间点一段时间＋ago从句二、for＋一段时间Tips1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.SimonhasbeenintheClub______2yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.Ihavebeenateacher_______Ileftcollege.forsinceforsinceforsince下一页上一页主菜单选用for和since填空“HasMrChenevermovedhouse?”“No.Hehasnevermovedhouse.”NobodyinourclasshaseverbeentoAmerica.上一页下一页Tips★ever是“曾经”，多用于疑问句和否定句。never意为“从来没有”，表示否定。★just,recently是完成时的时间状语，justnow有amomentago之意，是一般过去时的时间状语。I______(lose)mypenjustnow.I______just_____(lose)mypen.（我刚才丢了钢笔）She_____just_____(buy)abook.She_______(buy)abookjustnow.（她刚才买了本书）上一页下一页losthavelosthasboughtboughtTips1.Shehasalreadycleanedthekitchen.(改为否定句)→She______cleanedthekitchen___.2.Thepoordoghasdied.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答）→______thepoordog_________?No,it__________.hasn’thasn'tHasyetdiedlet'sdosomeexercises!1.They_______________theirhomeworkalready.(finish）2.______myhometown___________(change)alotovertheyears?Yes,it________.3.Millie________________(notcarry)thebagformeyet.4.Thetrees________________(stop)growingrecently.havefinishedHaschangedhashasn'tcarriedhavestopped1.They____________(finish)theirhomeworkalready.2.John____never______(visit)China.3.MrLi__________(repair)overtenbicyclessinceMonday.visitedhavefinishedhasrepairedhas用下列词的适当形式填空。链接中考！4.We____________(notsee)eachotherforyears.（2015宿迁）5.Myparents____________(notcome)backyet.（2015淮安）6.Ourteacher__________(teach)usalota