主谓一致课件(PPT)

()1.Myshirt__whiteandmytrousers__blue.A.are;areB.are;isC.is;isD.is;are()2.There__manynewwordsinLessonOne.Itisveryeasy.A.isB.aren’tC.isn’tD.are()3.NotonlymybrotherbutalsoI___goodatpainting.Bothofus___goodpainters.A.are...areB.am...areC.is...isD.are...isDBB“主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如are,were,have等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：is,was,has,works等。一般语法书在具体处理一致关系时皆要求遵循以下三原则:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。一、谓语动词为单数的情况A.Twentyyears____(is/are)onlyashorttimeinhumanhistory.B.Writingstoriesandarticles__(are/is)whathelikes.C.Whateverwasleft___(were/was)takenaway.D.Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday_______(have/has)notbeendecidedyet.(2003上海春季高考卷)1.表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。2.主语从句、动词不定式或(一个以上的)疑问词加不定式、动名词作主语时。E.TheUnitedstatesare/ismadeupof50states.F.TheTimesis/areanewspaperfortheBritishgovernment.3.以-S结尾的单数名词，形复而意单，表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语时,如(news,physics,mathematics，politics，gymnastics)。4.thenumberof,oneandahalf作主语时.G.Oneandahalfapples__(is/are)leftonthetable.6.every…andevery…/each…andeach…/no…andno…,manya…andmanya…连接两个单数名词作主语。Everydeskandeverychairare/ismadeofwood.Manyaboyandgirlhas/havemadethesamemistake.H.Manyastudenthas/haveseenthefilm.I.Morethanonestudenthave/hasseenthefilm.5.manya/morethanone/each/every/either/neither做主语时7.由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念或成对的名词，the+n+and+n如breadandbutter，sodaandwater，coffeeandmilk，knifeandfork等。Theworkerandwriterare/isfromWuhan.比较：Theworkerandthewriteris/arefromBeijing.(请总结这两题解题思路的区别)Breadandbutteris/areadailyfoodintheWest.Aknifeandforkis/areneeded.Warandpeaceis/areaconstantthemeinhistory.8.不定代词any(one,thing,body);some(one,thing,body);every(one,thing,body);no(one,thing,body);1).Someone_____(be)waitingforyou.2).Anybody_____(be)tobepunishedifhe/shebreakstheruleshere.3).Tomfeltthathekneweverybody’sbusinessbetterthantheyknewit______.A.oneselfB.themselvesC.himselfisisB二、谓语动词为复数的情况A.Thepoliceare/islookingforthemissingchild.B.Therichare/isnotalwayshappy.C.TheWhitesis/aregoingtomakeatriptoLondon.D.Theinjuredhas/havebeentakentohospital.1.people,police,cattle,sheep等形单而意复的集合名词作主语。2.the+adj./ed表示一类人；the+姓的复数形式表一家人做主语时。E.TheOlympicGamesare/isheldonceeveryfouryears.F.Agroupofstudentsis/areabsentyesterday.3.由山脉、群岛、瀑布(falls)、运动会等s结尾的专有名词作主语。4.anumberof/agroupof+名词作主语。三、谓语动词单、复数视情况而定1.集体名词class,family,army,team,club,crowd,audience,public,group,government,majority等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。Hisfamily_____(is/are)agreatone.Hisfamily_____(is/are)musiclovers.2.means,works(工厂),sheep,fish,deer等单复数同形的词,根据主语表达的概念或其修饰语而定。Thesteelworksisnearthestation.Everymeans____triedoutwithoutanyresult.Allmeans_____triedoutwithoutanyresult.A.havebeenB.hasbeenisareBA3.“some/any/half/most/enough/part/therest/分数、百分数+of+名词”作主语,谓语动词要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致。Therestofthestudentsarewateringtrees.Therestofthewinehasgonebad.4.定语从句谓语动词的形式取决于其先行词的单复数。oneof+名词复数引导定语从句时，若one前有the,theonly,thevery修饰时，定语从句中谓语动词用单数，反之用复数。Heisoneofthefewpersonswho_____agoodknowledgeofChinesehistory.A.hasB.haveHeistheonlyoneoftheboyswho____beengivenaprize.A.hasB.haveBA5.what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词有单复数两种形式：如：Whatweneed____(be)moretime.Whatheneed______(be)books.6.代词what,who,which,all,most,more,rest等作主语时，根据其所指代的意义确定其谓语动词的单复数形式：All____(be)hereandall___(be)ready!What____(be)wrongwithyou?What____(be)thenamesofthebooksonthedesk?isareareisisare四.就近一致原则由or,either…or,neither…nor,not…but,notonly…butalso等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词有单复数上保持一致。NotonlyhebutalsoI____(is/are/am)invited.Neithermyglovesnormyhat____(go/goes)withthedress.但注意：“with/alongwith/togetherwith/including/but/not/except/like/aswellas/nomorethan/ratherthan+名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。Theteacherwithanumberofstudents___(be)intheclassroom.Nobodybutthestudents_____(be)ontheplayground.Onlythestudents______(be)ontheplayground.isamgoesisare谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?WeChinese____ahard-workingpeople．A．isB．areC．isbeingD．arebeing此题应选B。这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。1.Onthewall______twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging2.“Newsofvictories_____pouringinasourarmyadvances,”thecompanycommandersaid.A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.havekept3.There_____alotofmilkinthebottle.A.areB.isC.wereD.has4.Zhang’sfamily____ratherbig,withtwelvepeopleinall.A.isB.areC.beingD.was5.NobodybutJane____thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown6.Allbutone_____herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were7.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered8.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary__tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be9.Thenumberofpeopleinvited____fifty,butanumberofthem____absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were10.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_____yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided一．用所给词的适当形式填空1.Heradvice_______usefultome.(be)2.Everyone_______TomandMarywillgetmarriednextmonth.(know)3.Nothing______beendonetostopthelakefrombeingpolluted.(have)4.Eitheroftherooms____bigenough.(be)5.Morethanoneperson_____killedintheaccident.(be)6.Morequestionsthanone_______beenasked.(have)7.Apoorwomantogetherwithherfourchildren______foundbegginginthestreet