高一英语定语从句课件

TheAttributiveClause定语从句定语从句的特点:用来修饰或限定一个名词,并放在名词之后.引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的作用:1引导定语从句,起引导词作用.2代替被修饰词.3在从句中充当句子成分:关系代词that,which,who在从句中作主语\宾语;whom作宾语;whose作定语.关系副词where,when,why在句中作地点状语，时间状语，原因状语.定语从句的种类:限定性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限定性定语从句:对先行词起修饰和限定作用,是不可缺少的成分,没有了附加信息,我们就不知道谈论的是谁或是什么事,在这样的从句中不使用逗号.非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句中的附加信息可以省去,没有了附加信息,我们仍能清楚谈论的是谁,什么事,这样的从句使用逗号.thehandsomethetallthestrongthecleverthenaughtyboyTheboyisTom.TheboywhoishandsomeisTom.TheboywhoistallisTom.TheboywhoisstrongisTomTheboywhoiscleverisTomTheboywhoisnaughtyisTom.TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语)TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.ThemanwhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.TheapplewhichisredissmallTheapplewhichisgreenisbig.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhichiseatingherflowers.Canyoulendmethebook?Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.Canyoulendmethebook(which)youtalkedaboutlastnight.Canyoulendmethebookaboutwhichyoutalkedlastnight?Doyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.DoyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?Doyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.注意：介词提前时只能用which而不能用that。4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthat(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.ThescientistØwemetyesterdayisveryfamouswhointheworld.whomthat(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.whichØthat和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none,theone等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,few,just,right,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。(5)当先行词为人和物的名词词组时。Theytalkeofpersonsandthings(that)theyrememberintheschool.(6)当先行词指物,在句中作表语。Thisisthebookthatyouborrowed.(7)主语前有who,whom时(8)在therebe或therelive结构中，先行词指物时ThereisabookonthedeskthatIaminterestedin.(9)在way方法后,常用that代替how,inwhich结构Thatwastheway(that)hedidit.(10)time表示次数，前有序数词修饰时。(11)先行词前有thesame修饰时或当先行词和关系代词指同一个人或物时。Thisisthesamemanthat/whoItoldyou.(12)当疑问词who,which,what开头的疑问句为避免重复用that.只用which不用that的情况(1)引导非限制性定语从句时。(2)当关系词前有介词时Theroominwhichmyfamilylive.(3)当先行词本身为that时.Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.当先行词是表示时间的名词（year,month,day,night…)关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中做时间状语，一般用when引导定语从句，也可以用介词+which的结构。但应注意的是which前介词的选择应根据先行词而定.Eg:ThedaywhenwasbornwasAug,20,1998.ThedayonwhichhewasbornwasAug,20,1998.当先行词是表示地点的名词(country,room,school)关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中做地点状语,一般用where引导定语从句，也可以用介词+which的结构.`Eg:ThedeskwhereIputmybagisthis.ThedeskonwhichIputmybagisthis.why指原因，引导定语从句Hecan’tgivethereasonwhyhelikeswatchingTv.way后面的的定语从句有三种情况:在比较正式问题中用inwhich一般情况用thatInwhich和that都可省略oneof+复数名词中,关系代词引导的从句中的谓语动词用复数,但如果one前有only,exactly等修饰one时,谓语动词用单数。Eg:Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthathavebeenasked.Thisistheonlyoneofquestionsthathasbeenasked.表示人的关系代词who在口语中可代替whom,但关系代词前有介词时,只能用whom，但如果把介词放在句尾，两者都可以用。Eg:Hereisthegirlwho/whomwehavebeenlookingfor.Hereisthegirlforwhomwehavebeenlooking.关系代词as引导的定语从句A,as引导的定语从句可指人也可指物，常与thesame，such，so等连用，在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。Eg:Suchpeoleasyoudescribedjustnowareraretoday.(as代替人，作宾语）Heisnotthesamemanashewas.（as代替人，作表语）Let’sdiscusssuchproblemsasconcerneveryoneofus.（as代替事物，做主语）B.关系代词as可引导非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句的意思,其位置比较灵活,可位于句首,句中,句末.而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。Asweallknow,Englishiseasytolearn.English,asweallknow,iseasytolearn.as有时也可作关系副词引导定语从句，与关系代词一样,主句中也应该有thesame,such,so等与之相呼应，as在从句中作状语。Eg:Ishallusetheinstrumentinsuchawayasheusedityesterday.(as指代insuchaway)theveryplace后用where引导定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选择1.代替先行词的关系词在从句中担任什么成分。2.先行词表示的是人，物，时间，地点还是原因。3.引导的是限制性还是非限制性定语从句。重庆时彩计划手机软件人云大丈夫能屈能伸韩信受得咯胯下之辱他别过就是向他の二十三弟表现得状似谦恭壹些而已小别忍则乱大谋假设连现在那壹关都过别咯将来皇上传位给二十三小格他更是向二十三小格谦称壹声“臣兄”那各时候别是更要让他颜面扫地？现在の谦恭为の是保存实力保存战斗力为将来の绝地反击和决壹死战储备能量、积蓄力量而已此时此刻朗吟阁书院中两位爷正各自心怀叵测地进行着密谈壹各违心地恭贺二十三弟升迁之喜壹各志得意满地假意客套原本两各人就没什么共同语言又是走过场の客套之举所以换过三盏茶之后就迎来咯共进晚膳の时刻由于都是至亲就没什么分男宾女眷而是宴开壹席此次赴宴随同二十三小格壹并来访の女眷有穆哲、完琦、塔娜当然还有婉然婉然壹听说可以随众人来王府赴宴当即激动得情难自己她当然别是因为有机会见到王爷而高兴她是因为水清姐妹两人同居京城还是亲妯娌可是她们壹年到头也见别咯壹次面平时只能靠书信联系可是如此