2015年职称英语考试卫生A阅读判断模拟试题及答案

:129489736SleepProblemsPlaguetheOlderSetOlderAmericansoftenhavedifficultygettingagoodnight'srest.It'sahugequality-of-lifeproblem,expertssay,becausecontrarytopopularbelief,seniorsrequireaboutthesameamountofsleepasyoungeradults.Sleepproblemsandsleepdisordersarenotaninherent(固有的)partofaging,saidDr.HarrisonG.Bloom,anassociateclinicalprofessorofgeriatrics(老年病学)andmedicineattheMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineinNewYorkCity.It'sprettymuchofamyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople.Yet,inastudypublishedrecentlyinTheAmericanJournalofMedicine,researchersfoundthatmorethanhalfofolderAmericanshaveproblemsgettingthesleeptheyneed.Olderpeopletendtohavesleepfragmentation,meaningtheywakeupmoreoftenduringthenight,saidstudyauthorDr.JulieGammack,anassistantprofessorofmedicineintheDivisionofGeriatricMedicineatSt.LouisUniversity.TheyalsoseemtogetlessREMsleep,thetypeofsleepduringwhichrapideyemovementoccurs,Bloomadded.It'sunclearwhatrolethesenaturallyoccurringchangesinsleeppatternshaveonaperson'squalityoflife,Bloomsaid.Whatisimportant,though,isthatolderpeopleoftenhaveactualsleepdisordersandproblemswithsleep,hesaid.And,expertssay,thereisusuallymorethanonecause.:129489736Sleeptroubleinolderadultsistypicallyassociatedwithacuteandchronicillnesses,includingspecificsleepdisorderslikesleepapnea(呼吸暂停)andrestlesslegsyndromethatappearwithgreaterfrequencyinolderpopulations,saidMichaelV.Vitiello,aprofessorofpsychiatryandbehavioralsciencesandassociatedirectoroftheUniversityofWashington'sNorthwestGeriatricEducationCenter.Takingmultiplemedications,asmanyolderpeopledo,canalsoleadtofatigueandhypersomnia,orbeingtiredallthetime,Bloomadded.Anotherbigproblem,henoted,isdepressionandanxiety.Thoseareverycommonlyassociatedwithsleepproblems.Despitetheprevalence(流行)ofsleepdifficultiesinolderadults,manypatientsaren'tgettingthehelptheyneed.Asaresult,problemslikeinsomnia(失眠),restlesslegsyndromeandsleepapneaareunderdiagnosedandundertreated,Bloomsaid.1.Sleepproblemscanseriouslyaffectone,squalityoflife.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned2.Itistruethatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned3.YoungerpeopleinAmericaseldomcomplainofsleepdisorders.:129489736A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned4.ThenumberofolderAmericanswithsleepproblemsisnotsmall.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned5.SleepfragmentationreferstoamarkedlackofREMsleep.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned6.Thecausesofsleepproblemsinolderpeopleremainunidentified.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned7.ActionswillsoonbetakeninAmericatobetterhelppeoplewithsleepproblems.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned答案：ABCABBCHowtoChoosethePerfectStrollerForanewbornyouhavetodecidewhetheryouwantapram,acar-seatframe,atravelsystemoraconvertiblestroller.Asanewbornneedstoliedownforthefirst4-5monthsofitslife,apramseemstobetheperfectsolutionbecauseit'sbassinet-likesleepingspace,butafterthebabycansitupyou'llneedanewstroller.Apramcanbealsoquitelargeandexpensive.:129489736Alow-costalternativecanbethecarseatframethatallowsyoutosnapyourinfantcarseatrightontop.Thisfoldableandlightweightframecanbeeasilystoredinthetruckofyourcar.Howeverafterthebabyoutgrowstheinfantcarseatyou'llhavetobuyanewstroller.Thetravelsystemcouldseemastheperfectsolutionforastroller.Itcanbeusedfrombirthtillthebabyis3yearsold.Thistypeofstrollerallowsyoutokeepthecarseatonthestrolleruntilyourbabyisoldenoughtositup,andthenremoveitandseatyourbabyinthestrolleritself.Howeveritcanbethatthissystemisquiteheavyandnotsoeasytofoldandshoveinthecartruck.Ifyouwanttoleavethecarseatoutoftheequationyoumight,consideraconvertiblestrollerasitcanbeyourcompanionfromthefirstdaysofyourchild'slifetillheisinthetoddlerstage.Theseatofaconvertiblestrollercanbefoldedbacksoyournewborncanrideflatbutasthebabygrowsyoucanfolditupandsohecanalsositupright.Ifyouarelookingforastrollerforababythatcansitupright,youmightconsideralightweightstroller,ajoggerorastandardstrollerdependingonyouralldayneeds.Whichevertypeofstrolleryouchooseyouhavetolookupcertainfeatureslike：stability,harness(five-pointharnessisbest),heightofthehandles(adjustablehandleheightsmightbeaplus),foldingtypeandsize(inordertobeabletoshoveitintoyourtruck):12948973616.ApramisthebeststrollerforababybeforeitcansituprightA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned正确答案：A解析：该题说的是：在婴儿能够坐起之前，卧式婴儿车是最好的选择。第二段提到因为有婴儿床一样的可供睡觉的空间，因此在婴儿4-5个月大之前是最好的婴儿车。17.ApramisthecheapestofallthechoicesmentionedinthepassageA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned正确答案：B解析：该题说的是：卧式婴儿车是文章中提到的最便宜的一款。第二段结尾提到卧式婴儿车很贵，因此错误。18.Thecarseatframeisnotsoexpensive,butitcanonlybeusedbeforethebabygrowsbiggerthanitA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned正确答案：A解析：该题说的是：车座架婴儿车不太贵，但是婴儿长到大于它的尺寸时，就不能用了。第三段提到了这一说法，outgrow意为太大而不适于。19.Ababycanbeseatedinthecarseatinthetravelsystemwhenitissmall:129489736A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned正确答案：A解析：该题说的是：婴儿小的时候可以坐在车座架里在放在旅行套车里。第三段中间提到婴儿小的时候可以放在旅行车里的车座架里，长大之后撤掉车座架直接放在婴儿车里。20.Ababycaneitherlieorsitupinaconvertiblestrolleronlyduringthefirst4-5monthsofitslifeA.RightB.Wr