XXXX年下半年信息系统项目管理师_英文词典(精编版)

英文术语中文定义Accept验收Theactofformallyreceivingoracknowledgingsomethingandregardingitasbeingtrue,sound,suitable,orcomplete.Acceptance验收SeeacceptAcceptanceCriteria验收标准Thosecriteria,includingperformancerequirementsandessentialconditions,whichmustbemetbeforeprojectdeliverablesareaccepted.AcquireProjectTeam[Process]组建项目团队Theprocessofobtainingthehumanresourcesneededtocompletetheproject.Activity活动Acomponentofworkperformedduringthecourseofaproject.Seealsoscheduleactivity.ActivityAttributes[Output/Input]活动属性Multipleattributesassociatedwitheachscheduleactivitythatcanbeincludedwithintheactivitylist.Activityattributesincludeactivitycodes,predecessoractivities,successoractivities,logicalrelationships,leadsandlags,resourcerequirements,imposeddates,constraints,andassumptions.ActivityCode活动编码Oneormorenumericalortextvaluesthatidentifycharacteristicsoftheworkorinsomewaycategorizethescheduleactivitythatallowsfilteringandorderingofactivitieswithinreports.ActivityDefinition[Process]活动定义Theprocessofidentifyingthespecificscheduleactivitiesthatneedtobeperformedtoproducethevariousprojectdeliverables.ActivityDescription(AD)活动描述Ashortphraseorlabelforeachscheduleactivityusedinconjunctionwithanactivityidentifiertodifferentiatethatprojectscheduleactivityfromotherscheduleactivities.Theactivitydescriptionnormallydescribesthescopeofworkofthescheduleactivity.ActivityDuration活动历时Thetimeincalendarunitsbetweenthestartandfinishofascheduleactivity.Seealsoactualduration,originalduration,andremainingduration.ActivityDurationEstimating[Process]活动历时估算Theprocessofestimatingthenumberofworkperiodsthatwillbeneededtocompleteindividualscheduleactivities.ActivityIdentifier活动标识符Ashortuniquenumericortextidentificationassignedtoeachscheduleactivitytodifferentiatethatprojectactivity*fromotheractivities.Typicallyuniquewithinanyoneprojectschedulenetworkdiagram.ActivityList[Output/Input]活动列表Adocumentedtabulationofscheduleactivitiesthatshowstheactivitydescription,activityidentifier,andasufficientlydetailedscopeofworkdescriptionsoprojectteammembersunderstandwhatworkistobeperformed.Activity-on-Arrow(AOA)AOA、双代号法Seearrowdiagrammingmethod.Activity-on-Node(AON)AON、单代号法Seeprecedencediagrammingmethod.ActivityResourceEstimating[Process]活动资源估算Theprocessofestimatingthetypesandquantitiesofresourcesrequiredtoperformeachscheduleactivity.ActivitySequencing[Process]活动排序Theprocessofidentifyinganddocumentingdependenciesamongscheduleactivities.ActualCost(AC)实际成本Totalcostsactuallyincurredandrecordedinaccomplishingworkperformedduringagiventimeperiodforascheduleactivityorworkbreakdownstructurecomponent.Actualcostcansometimesbedirectlaborhoursalone,directcostsalone,orallcostsincludingindirectcosts.Alsoreferredtoastheactualcostofworkperformed(ACWP).Seealsoearnedvaluemanagementandearnedvaluetechnique.ActualCostofWorkPerformed(ACWP)已执行工作的实际成本Seeactualcost(AC).ActualDuration实际历时Thetimeincalendarunitsbetweentheactualstartdateofthescheduleactivityandeitherthedatadateoftheprojectscheduleifthescheduleactivityisinprogressortheactualfinishdateifthescheduleactivityiscomplete.ActualFinishDate(AF)实际完成日期Thepointintimethatworkactuallyendedonascheduleactivity.(Note:Insomeapplicationareas,thescheduleactivityisconsidered―finished‖whenworkis―substantiallycomplete.‖)ActualStartDate(AS)实际开始日期Thepointintimethatworkactuallystartedonascheduleactivity.AnalogousEstimating[Technique]类比估算Anestimatingtechniquethatusesthevaluesofparameters,suchasscope,cost,budget,anddurationormeasuresofscalesuchassize,weight,andcomplexityfromaprevious,similaractivityasthebasisforestimatingthesameparameterormeasureforafutureactivity.Itisfrequentlyusedtoestimateaparameterwhenthereisalimitedamountofdetailedinformationabouttheproject(e.g.,intheearlyphases).Analogousestimatingisaformofexpertjudgment.Analogousestimatingismostreliablewhenthepreviousactivitiesaresimilarinfactandnotjustinappearance,andtheprojectteammemberspreparingtheestimateshavetheneededexpertise.ApplicationArea应用领域Acategoryofprojectsthathavecommoncomponentssignificantinsuchprojects,butarenotneededorpresentinallprojects.Applicationareasareusuallydefinedintermsofeithertheproduct(i.e.,bysimilartechnologiesorproductionmethods)orthetypeofcustomer(i.e.,internalversusexternal,governmentversuscommercial)orindustrysector(i.e.,utilities,automotive,aerospace,informationtechnologies).Applicationareascanoverlap.ApportionedEffort(AE)分配的工作量Effortappliedtoprojectworkthatisnotreadilydivisibleintodiscreteeffortsforthatwork,butwhichisrelatedindirectproportiontomeasurablediscreteworkefforts.Contrastwithdiscreteeffort.Approval批准SeeapproveApprove批准Theactofformallyconfirming,sanctioning,ratifying,oragreeingtosomething.ApprovedChangeRequest已批准的变更请求Achangerequestthathasbeenprocessedthroughtheintegratedchangecontrolprocessandapproved.Contrastwithrequestedchange.Arrow箭线Thegraphicpresentationofascheduleactivityinthearrowdiagrammingmethodoralogicalrelationshipbetweenscheduleactivitiesintheprecedencediagrammingmethod.ArrowDiagrammingMethod(ADM)箭线图Aschedulenetworkdiagrammingtechniqueinwhichscheduleactiviti