2021年MBA英语二真题及答案

2021年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)It'snotdifficulttosettargetsforstaff.Itismuchharder,_1_tounderstandtheirnegativeconsequences.Mostwork-relatedbehaviorshavemultiplecomponents.2_oneandtheotherbecomedistorted.TravelonaLondonbusandyou'll_3_seehowthisworkswithdrivers.Watchpeoplegetonandshowtheirtickets.Aretheyarecarefullyinspected?Never.Dopeoplegetonwithoutpaying?Ofcourse!Arethereinspectorsto4thatpeoplehavepaid?Possibly,butveryfew.Andpeoplewhorunforthebus?Theyare5.Howaboutjumpinglights?Busesdosoalmostasfrequentlyascyclists.WhyBecausethetargetis_6_.Peoplecomplainedthatbuseswerelateandinfrequent,_7_,thenumberofbusesandbuslaneswereincreased,anddriverswere_8_orpunishedaccordingtothetimetheytook.Anddrivershittheirtargets.Butthey_9_cyclists.Ifthetargetwaschangedto_10_,youwouldhavemoreinspectorsandmoresensitivepricing.Ifthecriterionchangedtosafety,youwouldgetmore__11_driverswhoobeyedtrafficlaws.Butboththesecriteriawouldbeattheexpenseoftime.Thereisanother_12_:peoplebecomeimmenselyinventiveinhittingtargets.Haveyou13_thatyoucanleaveonafightanhourlatebutstillarriveontime?Tailwind?Ofcoursenot!Airlineshavesimplychangedthetimea_14_ismeanttotake.Aone-hourflightisnowbilledasatwo-hourflight.The_15_ofthestoryissimple,Mostjobsaremultidimensionalwithmultiplecriteria.Chooseonecriterionandyoumaywell_16_others.Everythingcanbedonefasterandmadecheaper,butthereisa_17_.SettingtargetscananddoeshaveunforeseenconsequencesThisisnotanargumentagainsttarget-setting.Butitisanargumentforexploringconsequencesfirst.Allgoodtargetsshouldhavemultiplecriteria_18_criticalfactorssuchastime,money,qualityandcustomerfeedback.Thetrickisnotto_19_justoneoreventwodimensionsoftheobjective,butalsotounderstandbowtohelppeoplebetter_20_theobjective.1.A.thereforeB.howeverC.againD.moreover2.A.EmphasizeB.IdentifyC.AssessD.Explain3.A.nearlyB.curiouslyC.eagerlyD.quickly4.A.claimB.proveC.checkD.recall5.A.threatenedB.ignoredC.mockedD.blamed6.A.punctualityB.hospitalityC.competitionD.innovation7.A.YetB.SoC.BesidesD.Still8.A.hiredB.trainedC.rewardedD.grouped9.A.onlyB.ratherC.onceD.also10.A.comfortB.revenueC.efficiencyD.security11.A.friendlyB.quietC.cautiousD.diligent12.A.purposeB.problemC.prejudiceD.policy13.A.reportedB.revealedC.admittedD.noticed14.A.breakB.tripC.departureD.transfer15.A.moralB.backgroundC.styleD.form16.A.interpretB.criticizeC.sacrificeD.tolerate17.A.taskB.secretC.productD.cost18.A.leadingtoB.callingforC.relatingtoD.accountingfor19.A.specifyB.predictC.restoreD.create20.A.modifyB.reviewC.presentD.achieve答案：1-5BADCB6-10ABCDB11-15CBDBB16-20CDCADSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.40points)Text1Reskillingissomethingthatsoundslikeabuzzwordbutisactuallyarequirementifweplantohaveafutureinwhichalotofwould-beworkersdonotgetleftbehind.Weknowwearemovingintoaperiodwherethejobsindemandwillchangerapidly,aswilltherequirementsofthejobsthatremain.ResearchbytheWorldEconomicForumfindsthatonaverage42percentofthecoreskillswithinjobroleswillchangeby2022.Thatisaveryshorttimeline.Thequestionofwhoshouldpayforreskillingisathornyone.Forindividualcompanies,thetemptationisalwaystoletgoofworkerswhoseskillsarenolongerindemandandreplacethemwiththosewhoseskillsare.Thatdoesnotalwayshappen.AT&Tisoftengivenasthegoldstandardofacompanythatdecidedtodoamassivereskillingprogramratherthangowithafire-and-hirestrategy.Othercompanieshadalsopledgedtocreatetheirownplans.Whentheskillsmismatchisinthebroadereconomy,though,thefocususuallyturnstogovernmenttohandle.EffortsinCanadaandelsewherehavebeenarguablylanguidatbest,andhavegivenusasituationwherewefrequentlyhearofemployersbeggingforworkers,evenattimesandinregionswhereunemploymentishigh.Withthepandemic,unemploymentisveryhighindeed.InFebruary,at3.5percentand5.5percentrespectively,unemploymentratesinCanadaandUnitedStateswereatgenerationallowsandworkershortageswereeverywhere.AsofMay,thoserateshadspikedupto13.3percentand13.7percent,andalthoughmanyworkershortageshaddisappeared,notallhaddoneso.Inthemedicalfield,totakeanobviousexample,thepandemicmeantthattherewerestillclearshortagesofdoctors,nursesandothermedicalpersonnel.Ofcourse,itisnotlikeyoucantakeandunemployedwaiterandtrainhimtobeadoctorinafewweeks.Butevenifyoucannotclosethatgap,maybeyoucancloseothers,anddoingsowouldbetothebenefitofallconcerned.ThatseemstobethecaseinSweden:Whenforcedtofurlough90percentoftheircabinstaff,ScandinavianAirlinesdecidedtostartupashortretrainingprogramthatreskilledthelaid-offworkerstosupporthospitalstaff.TheeffortwasacollectiveoneandinvolvedothercompaniesaswellasaSwedishuniversity.21.ResearchbytheWorldEconomicForumSuggests_____.[A]anurgentdemandfornewjobskills[B]anincreaseinfull-timeemployment[C]asteadygrowthofjobopportunities[D]acontroversyaboutthecoreskills答案∶A22.AT&Tiscitedtoshow_____.[A]Thecharacteristicsofreskillinginprograms[B]Theimportanceofsta