软件工程英语

软件工程英语文档：Documents软件工具：SoftwareTools工具箱：ToolBox集成工具：IntegratedTool软件工程环境：SoftwareEngineeringEnvironment传统：Conventional经典：Classical解空间：SolutionDomain问题空间：ProblemDomain清晰第一，效率第二Claritythefirst,Efficiencythenext.设计先于编码Designbeforecoding使程序的结构适合于问题的结构Maketheprogramfittheproblem开发伴随复用，开发为了复用Developmentwithreuse,Developmentforreuse.靠度量来管理：ManagementbyMeasurement软件度量学：SoftwareMetrics软件经济学:SoftwareEconomics软件计划WHY软件分析WHAT软件实现HOW软件生存周期过程的开发标准StandardforDevelopingSoftwareLifeCycleProcess软件开发模型：SoftwareDevelopmentModel编码员：Coder瀑布模型：WaterfallModel快速原型模型：RapidPrototypeModel增量模型:IncrementalModel线性思维:LinearThinking演化模型：EvolutionaryModel螺旋模型：SpiralModel对象：Object类：Class继承：Inheritance聚集:Aggregation消息：Message面向对象＝对象Object+分类Classification+继承Inheritance+消息通信CommunicationwithMessages构件集成模型：ComponentIntegrationModel转换模型：TransformationalModel净室软件工程：CleanroomSoftwareEngineering净室模型:CleanroomModel软件需求规格说明书：SoftwareRequirementSpecification,SRS分析模型：AnalysisModel便利的应用规约技术：FacilitatedApplicationSpecificationTechniques,FAST结构化语言：StructuredLanguage判定树：DecisionTree基数：Cardinality事件轨迹：EventTrace对象－关系Object-Relationsship结构化分析：SA（StructuredAnalysis）由顶向下，逐步细化Top-DownStepwiseRefinement面向对象分析：Object-OrientedAnalysis包含：Contains临近：IsNextTo传到:Transmitsto来自:Acquiresfrom管理:Manages控制:Controls组成：IsComposedof细化：Refinement抽象：Abstraction模块：Module策略：Strategy信息隐藏:InformationHiding数据封装：DataEncapsulation抽象数据类型：AbstractDatatype模块化设计：ModularDesign分解：Decomposition模块性：Modularity单模块软件：MonolithicSoftware模块独立性：ModuleIndependence内聚：Cohesion偶然性内聚：CoincidentalCohesion逻辑性内聚：LogicalCohesion时间性内聚：TemporalCohesion过程性内聚:ProceduralCohesion通信性内聚:CommunicationalCohesion顺序性内聚：SequentialCohesion功能性内聚：FunctionalCohesion非直接偶合：NoDirectCoupling数据偶合：DataCoupling特征偶合：StampCoupling控制偶合：ControlCoupling外部偶合：ExternalCoupling公共偶合：CommonCoupling内容偶合:ContentCoupling由底向上设计：Bottom-UpDesign自顶向下设计：Top-DownDesign正式复审：FormalReview非正式复审：InformalReview走查，排练：Walk-Through会审：Inspection映射：Mapping传入路径：Afferentpath传出路径：Efferentpath变换中心：TransformCenter接受路径：Receptionpath动作路径：Actionpath事务中心：TransactionCenter分支分解：FactoringofBrandches瓮形：oval-shaped一个模块的控制域：ScopeofControl一个模块的作用域：ScopeofEffect结构化程序设计：StructuredProgramming通心面程序：BowlofSpaghetti流程图：FlowDiagram编码：Coding方框图：BlockDiagramPDL(Pidgin):ProgramDesignLanguage伪代码：PseudoCodeJSD:JacksonSystemDevelopment对象建模技术：ObjectModelingTechnique基础设施：Infrastructure控制线程：ThreadofControl保护者对象：GuardianObject协议：protocolUML:UnifiedModelingLanguageOMG:ObjectManagementGroup统一方法：UnifiedMethod关联:Association泛化：Generalization依赖：Dependency结点：Node接口：Interface包：Package注释：Note特化：Specialization元元模型：Meta-MetaModel用户模型：UserModel静态图：StaticDiagram动态图：DynamicDiagram用例视图：UseCaseView逻辑视图：LogicalView并发视图：ConcurrentView构件视图：ComponentView实现模型视图：ImplementationModelView部署视图：DeploymentView航向：Navigability重数：Multiplicity共享聚集：SharedAggregation组合：Composition泛化：Generalization简单消息：SimpleMessage同步消息：SynchronousMessage异步消息：AsynchronousMessage事件说明：Event_Signature守卫条件：Guard_Condition动作表达式:Action_Expression发送子句：Send_Clause时序图：SequenceDiagram协作图：CollaborationDiagram前缀：Predecessor循环子句：Iteration-Clause活动图：ActivityDiagram构件图：ComponentDiagram配置图：DeploymentDiagram建模过程指导(RUP)：RationalUnifiedProcess可执行代码：ExecutalbeCodes实现：Implementation编码风格：CodingStyle标准：Classical控制流的直线性：LinearityofControlFlow程序风格设计要素：先求正确后求快Makeitrightbeforeyoumakeitfaster.先求清楚后求快Makeitclearbeforeyoumakeitfaster.求快不忘保持程序正确Keepitrightwhenyoumakeitfaster.保持程序简单以求快Keepitsimpletomakeitfaster.书写清楚，不要为“效率”牺牲清楚Writeclearly-don'tsacrificeclarityforefficiency文档化：CodeDocumentation内部文档编制：InternalDocumentation序言：Prologue用户友善：UserFriendly纠错：Debugging测试用例：TestCase穷举测试：ExhaustiveTesting选择测试：SelectiveTesting静态分析：StaticAnalysis黑盒测试：BlackBoxTesting白盒测试：WhiteBoxTesting等价分类：EquivalencePartioning边界值分析法：BoundaryValueAnalysis所谓猜错：ErrorGuessing因果图:Cause-EffectGraph逻辑覆盖测试法：LogicCoverageTesting试凑：TrialandError回溯：BackTracking病因排除法：CauseElimination测试纠错：DebuggingbyTesting蛮力纠错技术：DebuggingbyBruteForce回归测试：RegressionTesting单元测试：UnitTesting综合测试：IntegrationTesting确认测试:ValidationTesting系统测试：SystemTesting模块测试：ModuleTesting高级测试：HigherorderTesting不可达的：Unreachable办公桌检查：DeskCheck走查：Walk-Through代码会审：CodeInspection测试驱动模块：TestDriver测试桩模块：TestStub群：Cluster混合方式测试：SandwichTesting渐增式测试：IncrementalTesting非渐增式：Non-Incremental配置复审：ConfigurationReview测试终止标准：TestCompletionCriteria基于线程的测试：Thread-BasedTesting基于使用：Use-Based基于构件的软件开发：ComponentBasedSoftwareDevelopment,CBSD领域工程：DomainEngineering需求规约：RequirementsSpecification变体：Variant组件对象模型，COM：ComponetObjectModel对象链接与嵌入：ObjectLinkingandEmbedding公共对象请求代理体系结构，CORBA：CommonObjectRequestBrokerArchitecture枚举分类：EnumeraterClassification呈面分类：FacetedClassification属性-值分类：Attribute-ValueClassification应用系统工程，ASE：ApplicationSystemEngineering完善性维护：PerfectiveMaintenance适应性维护：AdaptiveMaintenance纠错性维护：CorrectiveMaintenance预防性维护：PreventiveMaintenance结构化的翻新：StructuredRetrofit可维护性：Maintainability可理解性：Understandability可修改性：Modifiability可测试性:Testability调用图：CallGraph交差引用表：Cross-ReferenceDirectory数据封装技术：DataEncapsulation维护申请单MRF：MaintenanceRequestForm软件问题报告单SPR：SoftwareProblemReport软