基于PLC的供暖电气控制系统设计

北华大学毕业设计（论文）-1-摘要目前在我国采用集中供热方式的用户占有非常大的比重。而现在仍有许多供热站采用传统的手动阀位控制，人工值守的方式。随着我国自动化水平的快速提高，最近10年内大量的传统人工值守供热站已经陆续改造成无人值守，远程监控的智能自动化供暖系统。建立稳定的自动化供暖控制系统能够优化运行效果，减少运行费用，提高供暖系统安全和效率。本文介绍了基于PLC的供暖电气控制系统设计。首先描述了供暖控制系统的工艺及相关流程，硬件结构及设计、工作原理以及设计PLC控制系统的基本原则与步骤。具体的内容包括电气控制柜的选型、设计，S7-200PLC的软件编程、调试，以及触控屏和上位机的组态设计。非常具体的阐述了整个系统的设计思路。关键词：可编程逻辑控制器；供暖；上位机；人机接口北华大学毕业设计（论文）-2-AbstractAtpresentinourcountryadoptsthecentralheatingmethodusersoccupiesverylargeproportion.Andnowtherearestillmanycomputerusingtraditionalmanualvalvepositioncontrol,artificialunattended.Recently,withtherapidincreaseofautomationlevel,tenyearsalargenumberoftraditionalartificialunattendedcomputerhasgraduallytransformedintounmanned,remotemonitoringofintelligentautomationheatingsystem.Establishstableautomaticheatingcontrolsystemtooptimizetheoperationeffect,reducetheoperationcost,improvesafetyandefficiencyofheatingsystem.ThispaperintroducestheheatingelectricalcontrolsystemdesignbasedonPLC.Firstdescribesthecontrolsystemofheatingprocessandrelatedprocesses,hardwarestructureanddesign,workingprincipleandthebasicprinciplesandstepsofdesignofPLCcontrolsystem.Specificcontentsincludetheselection,designofelectricalcontrolcabinet,S7-200PLCsoftwareprogramming,debugging,andtouchscreenandPCconfigurationdesign.Veryspecificexpoundsthedesignideaofthewholesystem.KeyWords：PLC;SupplyHeating;PC;HMI北华大学毕业设计（论文）-1-目录摘要.........................................................................................................................1Abstract...........................................................................................................................2引言.........................................................................................................................11绪论.............................................................................................................................21.1工程背景及发展现状.........................................................................................21.1.1课题的背景............................................................................................21.1.2国内外技术现状.....................................................................................21.1.3课题意义................................................................................................22供暖控制系统总体方案的设计...................................................................................42.1供暖控制系统工艺流程....................................................................................42.2供暖控制系统结构............................................................................................53基于PLC的供暖控制系统的硬件设计......................................................................73.1I/O点数计算......................................................................................................73.2PLC选型...........................................................................................................83.3PLCI/O地址分配表及外部接线图...................................................................83.3.1输入/输出地址分配................................................................................83.3.2PLC外部接线图...................................................................................104下位机软件设计........................................................................................................134.1PLC工作要求..................................................................................................134.2手自动控制说明..............................................................................................134.2.1自动控制及PID控制回路...................................................................134.2.2手动控制工作方式...............................................................................144.2.3报警、显示值设定...............................................................................154.2.4系统参数设定......................................................................................154.2.5给定曲线控制......................................................................................154.3PLC程序清单..................................................................................................164.4重要问题总结..................................................................................................164.4.1重要数据的掉电存储...........................................................................16北华大学毕业设计（论文）-2-4.4.2PID的手自动无扰切换.........................................................................174.4.3输入滤波..............................................................................................174.4.4自动控制的死区设置...........................................................................184.4.5小信号切除..........................................................................................184.5PLC以太网口通信设置...................................................................................184.6触控屏设计.....................................................................................................194.6.1触控屏简介........................................................................................