虚拟语气备课笔记

1备课笔记课堂主题虚拟语气教学目标知识与技能1.熟悉虚拟语气的基本用法2.熟悉不同类型的虚拟语气的正确构成3.充分理解语境，准确判断“虚”与“实”的关系过程与方法1.通过歌曲引入，增加学生学习兴趣2.举例子分析各类虚拟语气的构成3.用表格记录动词变化形式，使条理清晰，便于记忆。情感态度学会运用虚拟语气表达自己的愿望，增强对英语学习的兴趣，掌握解题方法，增强做题自信心。重点1.情态动词+havedone表示对过去的虚拟2.If引导的一般条件虚拟难点1.if引导的省略句和混合虚拟2.含蓄虚拟3.Wish，wouldrather，asif/though引导的从句虚拟教学内容教学设计一、课堂导入（10’）学生欣赏英语歌曲“ifIwereaboy”，并且在老师的引导下关注虚拟语气的句子。歌词：IfIwereaboyEvenjustforaday通过师生间的问答，让学生深刻体会虚拟语气的表达的意义。2I'drollouttabedinthemorningAndthrowonwhatIwantedandgo提问：Isthesingeraboy?Ofcoursenot,soshesang学生答：“IfIwereaboy”由此引出虚拟语气的意义，表达非现实的想象中的事情。二、主要内容（80’）（一）情态动词+havedone对过去的虚拟本应该做却没做/本不应该做却做了should/shouldn’thavedoneoughtto/oughtn’ttohavedone本需要做却没做/本不需要做却做了need/needn’thavedone本可能却没做：couldhavedone/mighthavedone翻译：你本不需要来学校的。Youneedn’thavecometoschool.（二）条件虚拟1.一般条件虚拟（1）Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexams.与过去事实相反的假设从句：if+主语+had+过去分词主句：主语+should/would/could/mighthavedone.IshouldnothavelaughedifI________youwereserious.（2013江苏）给出例句，引导学生标出动词的变化形式，加深理解和记忆。3A.thoughtB.wouldthinkC.hadthoughD.havethought答案：C先看主句，对过去的虚拟，从句用haddone。（2）IfIwereyou,Ishouldseizethechancetogoabroad.与现在事实相反的假设从句：if+主语+did（were），主句：主语+should/would/could/mightdo.（3）Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow,wewouldputoffthemeeting.与将来事实相反的假设从句：if+主语+did(were)/weretodo/shoulddo，主句：主语+should/would/could/mightdo.小练：What________ifweweretoreframeourapproachtobalancingandexperiencingfulldays?（）A.mayhappenB.mighthavehappenedC.mighthappenD.happened答案：C翻译：如果我是你的话，现在我就会回家。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgohomenow.如果你昨天来这的话，你就能见到胡歌了。Ifyouhadcomehereyesterday，youwouldhavemetHuge.如果你明天来参观学校，你就能看到我Ifyouvisitedwereto/shouldvisittheschooltomorrow,youwouldseeme.由学生翻译，增强对if条件虚拟句的运用能力。42.特殊条件虚拟（1）if省略句E.g.1IfIwereatschoolagain,Ishouldworkharder.省略if：WereIatschoolagain,IshouldworkharderWere提到主语之前注意：IfIwerenotill,Ishouldworkharder.WereInotill,Ishouldworkharder.E.g.2.Ifyouhadcomehereyesterday，youwouldhavemetHuge.省略if：Hadyoucomehereyesterday，youwouldhavemetHuge.had提到主语之前E.g.3.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.省略if：Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.should提到主语之前小结：从句中含有should/were/had时，省略if，should/were/had移到主语之前小练：________notforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.（2017江苏）A.ItwereB.WereitC.ItwasD.Wasit答案：B原句:Ifitwerenotfor（2）混合虚拟（错综时间条件句）从句和主表示的行为所发生的的时间不一致，动词的形式要根据其此处先由学生自己变换，促进对省略句句式的理解。此处给出例句，由学生5表示的时间做出相应的调整。IfIhadworkedatatschool,Iwouldbeaprofessortoo.从句：过去，主句：现在小练：Ifit________forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.（2016江苏）A.hadnotbeenB.shouldnotbeC.werenottobeD.shouldnothavebeen答案：A从句和过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。（3）含蓄虚拟①Ifonly（多希望=HowIwish）IfonlyIhadtoldherthatIreallylovedher.要是过去我向她表白就好了！Ifonlyshewereherewithmenow.要是现在她在我身边就好了！Ifonlywewould/couldhavetwinsinourfamily.要是将来我们生一对双胞胎就好了！②without；butfor（要不是）Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedthework.=Butforyourhelp...=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp...=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp...小练：Withouthiswartimeexperiences,Hemingway______hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.（2015重庆）A.didn’twriteB.hadn’twrittenB.wouldn’twriteD.wouldn’thavewritten根据动词形式判断主从句的时间。此处处理成板书表格形式，方便学生记忆。由学生进行同义改写，巩固之前所学的省略句式，增强灵活运用能力。6答案：D与过去事实相反③or；orelse；otherwise（否则，要不然）Iwasillthatday，otherwise,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.otherwise前不虚拟(用一般过去时），后虚拟（用would/could/should/mighthavedonesth.)小练：-DoyouhaveBetty’sphonenumber?_Yes.Otherwise,I_______abletoreachheryesterday.（2017天津）A.hadn’tbeenB.wouldn’thavebeenB.weren’tD.wouldn’tbe答案：B（三）从句虚拟1.名词性从句It做形式主语时的三种形式：①Itis+形容词+that+(should)+V形容词：vital,essential,important,necessary,natural,strange②Itis+名词+that+(should)+V(坚持，命令，建议，要求)名词：坚持，命令，建议，要求③Itis+V-ed+that+(should)+VV-ed：坚持，命令，建议，要求小练：Weshallhardlypleaseeveryone;norisitnecessarythatwe________.（2016苏锡常镇一模）让学生观察otherwise前后虚拟情况，并得出结论。对句式、词汇进行归纳，更有条理性，易于记忆。7A.needB.shouldC.canD.may答案：B宾语从句①wishIwishIhadn’twastedsomuchtime.对过去虚拟IwishIwereaflyingbird.对现在虚拟HowIwishitwouldnotraintomorrow！对将来虚拟小结:表示一种不可能实现的愿望，总结如板书所示。小练：Ellenisafantasticdancer,IwishI_______aswellasher.（2015陕西）A.danceB.willdanceC.haddancedD.danced答案：Dwish加一般过去时表示对未来的假设。②建议，坚持，命令，要求等动词后的宾语从句句式：V+（that）sb（should）dosth.辨析：Tominsistedthatheshouldnotbepunished.坚决主张，坚决要求：虚拟Tominsistedthathadn’tstolenthewatch.坚持认为：陈述语气小练：Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachild’sfirsteyeexam_______attheageofsixmonthsold.（2013浙江）A.wasB.beC.wereD.is答案：B③wouldratherIwouldrathertheyhadn’theardthenewsyesterday.此处引导学生观察动词形式和时间状态，并得出结论。由学生翻译并进行辨析，提高对虚拟语气的理解。8句式总结：wouldrather(that)sbdid(与现在/将来相反)sbhad（与过去相反）donesth辨析：wouldratherdosth.MysisterwouldratherfindahandsomeBF.MysisterwouldratherIfoundaprettyGF.区别：是不是从句小练：Wewouldratherourdaughter_______athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.（2014陕西）A.wouldstayB.hasstayedC.stayedD.stay答案：C与将来事实相反表语从句由表坚持、命令、建议、要求的名词构成insistence,order,command,suggestion,advice,proposaldemand,request,requirementMysuggestionisthatyou(should)listentovariousEnglishsongs.同位语从句由表坚持、命令、建议，要求的名词构成Hegaveussomeadvicethatwe(should)payattentiontoourhealth.句式：(should)+动词原形状语从句①asif/though引导学生分析句子结构，加深对从句虚拟的理解。9HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhehadstudiedabroad.（过去）Thepencilseemsasifitwerebrokenwhenitispartlyputinthewater.（现在）Hele