精品解析：2020届广东省揭阳市高三教学摸底英语试题(解析版)

1揭阳市2020年高三英语线上教学摸底测试说明：本测试题有两个部分。第一部分阅读理解，共10小题，每小题2分；第二部分完形填空，共20小题，每小题1.5分。满分50分，测试时间40分钟。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Manyofusthink,wrongly,thatthemoondoesn’tchange.Forexample,theTangDynastypoetZhangRuoxuoncewrotethat“Generationshavecomeandpassedaway;Fromyeartoyearthemoonslookalike,oldandnew.”However,anewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeoscienceshowsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime.Forthestudy,agroupofUSscientistsexaminedandanalyzedthousandsofphotographstakenbytheNASAorbiterLunarReconnaissanceOrbiterCamera.Theyfoundthattherewerelotsoffaults(断层)onthesurfaceofthemoon.Thesefaultswereformedbyrecentmovementonthemoon.AccordingtoNASA,themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergyandcooleddown.Thenitbegantoshrink,inawaycomparabletotheshrinkingofagrapeintoaraisin(葡萄干).Overthepastseveralhundredmillionyears,ithasbecome46meters“skinnier”.Butduetoitshardandrockycrust(外壳),themoon’ssurfacecontinuestopushup.“SomeofthesequakescanbefairlystrongaroundfiveontheRichterscale,”saidThomasWatters,aseniorscientistattheSmithsonian’sNationalAirandSpaceMuseumintheUS.Butdoesthatmeanthemoonisadangerousplacethathumanshouldn’ttrytoexploreandliveoninthefuture?Maybenot,reportedtheTelegraph,“Thisisn’tanythingtoworryabout.Themoonmaybeshrinking,butnotbymuch.It’snotgoinganywhere,”Watterscomfortedus.Thenewdiscoveryprovesthattheideathatthemoonisadead,boringplaceiswrong.“Wehavebeentothemoonandwe’vedonesomegreatscience,butthereisstillalotwedon’tknow.Themoonisshrinking—wedidn’treallyrealizethatuntilrecently.It’samuchmoreactiveandinterestingplacethanwethoughtandweshouldexplorethat,”NASAscientistNathanWilliamssaid.1.Whydoesthewriterquotethepoem?A.Topraisethebeautyofthemoon.B.Toshowpeople’slong-standingideaofthemoonsize.C.Toarousepeople’sinterestinthetopic.2D.Togetreadersfamiliarwiththepoem.2.Whichpointofviewaboutthemoonmaythewriteragreeto?A.Itisbecomingslightlysmaller.B.Itstaysthesameasbefore.C.Itisgettingolderandolder.D.Itmaydisappearoneday.3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemoonfromthethirdparagraph?A.Ithasbecome46metersfatterduetoexpanding.B.Ithaschangedfromagrapeintoaraisininrecentyears.C.ItquakesevenatsevenontheRichterscale.D.Ithasahotcoreandreleasesenergywhenexpanding.4.Whothinksthatweneedn’tworryaboutthemoon?A.ZhangRuoxu.B.ThomasWatters.C.NathanWilliams.D.Thejournalist.5.WhatdoesNathanWilliamsthinkofthemoon?A.Itisadeadandboringplace.B.Ithaslotsoffaultsonthesurface.C.ItisworthexploringmoreD.Itisn’taplacewherewecanlive.【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.B5.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。月球并非如唐代诗人张若虚在诗中描绘的那样是亘古不变的。一项最新的科学研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小。此外，这项研究还表明月球还有许多我们不了解的东西，它是一个比我们认为的更活跃、更有意思的地方，我们应该探索它。【1题详解】推理判断题。作者在第一段内引用了张若虚的诗句“Generationshavecomeandpassedaway;Fromyeartoyearthemoonslookalike,oldandnew.（人生代代无穷已，江月年年只相似）”。根据语篇结构，段落内的举例一定是服务于段落中心意思的。根据第一段首句“Manyofusthink,wrongly,thatthemoondoesn’tchange.（我们很多人都认为，月亮是不变的）”可知，这个诗句就是用来证明人们对于月亮的大小的长久以来的观点。3故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“However,anewstudy...showsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime（然而，一项新的发表在《自然地球科学》上的研究表明，月球实际上正在随着时间慢慢地缩小）以及第二段内对于月亮上断层的解释可知，作者引用这些研究发现，证明月亮正在慢慢变小，说明作者也是这样认为的。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段前三句中的“AccordingtoNASA,themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn.Butinthisprocess，itreleasedenergy（美国宇航局认为，月亮由带有一个热核的岩石块组成，当它形成时月球在持续膨胀，在这个过程中它会释放能量。）”可知，月球有一个热核并且膨胀时释放能量。故选D。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中ThomasWatters说的话“Thisisn’tanythingtoworryabout.Themoonmaybeshrinking,butnotbymuch.It’snotgoinganywhere（没有什么担心的。月亮在缩小，但是不多。不会缩小到哪里去的。）”可知，ThomasWaters认为我们不必担心月球。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中NathanWilliams说的话“It’samuchmoreactiveandinterestingplacethanwethoughtandweshouldexplorethat（它是一个比我们想象的更加活跃和有趣的地方，我们应该探索它）”可知，NathanWilliams认为月球是有价值的，值得探索。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whetherthey’reforateenagerornot,allgreatstorieshavecertainelements:theyhaveinterestingcharactersweenjoyreadingabout;theyshowthesecharactersinaworldwecanrecognizeandunderstand.___6___Themaincharacterfacesaproblem,usuallyquiteaseriousone.Thethingthatmostdrawsustoreadingthestoryisthewaythecharacterdealswiththeproblem—whetherthecharactergetsthebetterofit,oritgetsthebetterofthecharacter.Charactersinabookforyoungadultsaregenerallyyoungadultsthemselves.___7___Ontheonehand,they’renotchildrenanymore.They’regrowingupandwanttostretchtheirwings.Ontheotherhand,they’renotyetadults.Theycan’tdocertainthings,asthey’renotyetabletodothemorbecausetheworldtellsthemthattheycan’t.4Tomakethingsevenmorecomplicated,almostallyoungadultsfeelatsomepointthatthewholegrowing－upprocessishappeningtooquickly.___8___Thisyear,TEENShasselectedsevenofthetenbooks,nominated(提名)fortheUS2017NationalBookAwardsinthecategoriesofYoungPeople’sLiterature.Somestoriesarespecificallywrittenforteenagersoryoungadults,meaningthattheirauthorsareverysensitivetothe“in－between”natureofteenagelife.They’reaboutproblemsthatappearforyoungpeoplebecauseoftensionsbetweenthemandtheirparentsandteachers,theirsiblings(兄弟姐妹)，orwidersociety.Often,theseproblemsarepresentedveryser