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初中英语――祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句号,读降调。1.肯定的祈使句(1)动词原形+其他Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.请起立。(2)Be+n./adj.Beagoodboy!要做一个好孩子!Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!小心/当心!(3)Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。Let’sgotoschooltogether.咱们一起上学去吧。2.否定的祈使句(1)Don't+动词原形Don'tstandup.别站起来。Don'tbecareless.别粗心。Don'tletthemplaywithfire.别让他们玩火。(2)Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分”。Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.别让他走。Letthemnotplaywithfire.别让他们玩火。(3)no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。Nosmoking!禁止吸烟!Nofishing!禁止钓鱼!3.祈使句的强调形式,通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。例如:Doshutup!快住口!4.祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,一般用will或won’t。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意两点:1)形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致;No与won’t保持一致)2)意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思;No是“是”的意思)。在回答时,要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。如:---Don’tgoout,please.It’srainingheavilyoutside.请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。----Yes,Iwill.Ihavetomeetmybrotherattheairport.不行,我得去机场接我弟弟。5.祈使句的反意疑问句(1)肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用willyou或won'tyou。Pleaseopenthedoor,will/won’tyou?请把门打开,好吗?(2)否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用willyou。Don'tbelateagain,willyou?别再迟到了,行不行?(3)以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shallwe。Let'sturnontheTV,shallwe?我们把电视打开,好吗?特别注意只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shallwe,而letus开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为willyou或won'tyou.如:Letusstayhere,will/won'tyou?请(你)让我们留在这好吗?一.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.It’sanimportantmeeting._________________(not,be)late.2.________________(not,make)anynise!Yourmotherissleeping.3.________________(not,speak)withyourmouthfulloffoodand_________(be)polite.4.________________(not,talk)and____________(read)aloud.5._______________(not,leave)yourhomeworkfortomorrow,Larry.6.________________(look)out!Acariscoming.7._______________(give)ustenyearsandjustseewhatourcountrywillbelike.8.________________(not,let)thebabycry.9.Wearmoreclothesoryou____________(catch)acold.10.Let’s_______________(not,say)anythingaboutit.二、单项选择1.TheTVistooloud.Please________.A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit2._______lateagain,Bill!A.Don'ttobeB.Don'tbeC.NotbeD.Benot3._______crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.NotB.Won'tC.Doesn'tD.Don't4.Pleasehelpmecarryit,______?A.willIB.willyouC.shallID.shallwe5.Don'tmakesomuchnoise,______?A.willyouB.won'tyouC.shallweD.doyou6.Doyouknowthegirl______underthetree?A.standB.tostandC.standingD.stood7.Kate,_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.bringB.bringsC.tobringD.bringing8.________methetruth,orI'llbeangry.A.TellingB.TotellC.ToldD.Tell10.Don'tyouknowthat_______isgoodforourhealth?A.swimB.swimmingC.swamD.swims11.Herdoctorsaid:“________worksohard”AStopBDon’tCCan’tDNo12.Sindy,________tobehereat8o’clockAissureBissurethatCwillbesureDbesure13.________whenyoucrosstheroad.ADocareBCareCDobecarefulDTobecareful14.________himthesecret,willyou?ADon’ttellBNottotellCNottellingDNotelling15.________inbed.It’sbadforyoureyes.ANottoreadBDon’treadCDon’ttoreadDNotread16.________Yourchild.We’lllookafterhim.ANottoworryaboutBDon’tworryaboutCNotworryforDDon’tworrywith17.Theyareverytired.Why________havearest?AnottheyBdonottheyCdon’ttheyDnotto18--Youlookrathertired.________stoppingtohavearest?--Allright.AWhynotBHowaboutCWhynottoDwhydon’t19______tellalie.AHardlyBNotCNoDNever20.Please________lookoutside.Lookattheblackboard.AnotBdon’tCaren’tDcan’t三、句型转换1.Willyoupleasereaditagainmoreslowly?(改为祈使句)_______________againmoreslowly,please.2.Ifyoudon'tlistentome,I'llgo.(改为同义句)________________me,orI’llgo.3.Let'swatchthesportsgames.(改为反意疑问句)Let'swatchthesportsgames,____________?4.Theteachersoftentellthestudentsnottobecareless.(改为祈使句)______________careless,please.5.PleasesitnexttoNancy.(改为否定句)______________nexttoNancy.6.Don'tforgettoturnoffthelights,please.(改为反意疑问句)Don'tforgettoturnoffthelights,______________?7.Ifyoumove,you'lldie.(改为同义句)_____________,oryou'lldie.8.Cometomyhousetomorrow.(改为反意疑问句)Cometomyhousetomorrow,______________?四、将下列汉语翻译成英语。1.请照看好您的包。___________________________________________.2.让我们去学校吧!____________________________________________!3.亲爱的,高兴点儿!____________________________________________!4.不要把书放这儿。____________________________________________.5.不要让猫进来。____________________________________________.感叹句一、由what引导的感叹句,其句子结构可分为以下三种:1.可用句型:“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”。如:Whatanicepresentitis!它是一件多么好的礼物啊!Whataninterestingbookitis!它是一本多么有趣的书啊!2.可用句型:“What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!”。如:Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么漂亮的花啊!Whatgoodchildrentheyare!他们是多么好的孩子啊!3.可用句型:“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!”。如:Whatfineweatheritistoday!今天天气多好啊!Whatimportantnewsitis!多重要的新闻啊!二、由how引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种:1.可用句型:“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”。如:Howcarefulsheis!她多么细心啊!Howfastheruns!他跑得多快啊!2.可用句型:“How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”。如:Howbeautifulagirlsheis!她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊!3.可用句型:“How+主语+谓语!”。如:Howtimeflies!光阴似箭!由what引导的感叹句与由how引导的感叹句有时可以转换,但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如:Howbeautifulagirlsheis!=Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!Whatdeliciouscakestheseare!=Howdeliciousthesecakesare!感叹句巧解:感叹句要看后面,即看形容词后的东东,1)若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数,就用whata/an;是不可数名词或可数名词复数,只用what。2)若形容词后后紧跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Tom’s等等乱七八糟的东西,想都不用想,直接用how就OK了。3)若没有形容词,而出现副词或是句子,直接用how.例:Howwellheplaystheguitar!他吉他弹得多好啊!/副词(what不可以修饰副词,看到副词直接用how)一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。1).________difficulthomeworkwehadyesterday!2).________cutedogitis!3).__
本文标题:(完整)初中祈使句-感叹句
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