_纽约时报_涉华报道对中国特色词汇翻译策略之研究

:2009-09-29:2009年度江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金项目(09SJB740013);2010年度江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金项目(2010SJD740007);南京信息工程大学2008年度校人文社会科学预研项目(SK20080119):范勇(1966-),男,江苏南京人,南京信息工程大学语言文化学院副教授,硕士,研究方向为翻译理论与实践纽约时报涉华报道对中国特色词汇翻译策略之研究范勇(,210044):本文以纽约时报2009年上半年所有涉华报道为语料,梳理和分析了其中对中国特色词汇的各种翻译策略,并通过定量分析证实了这些翻译策略的总体异化倾向作者结合这些中国特色词汇所在的语篇上下文,从新闻传播学新闻文体学意识形态篇章语言学和跨文化交际学等视角探讨了影响纽约时报对中国特色词汇处理手法的各种因素:纽约时报;中国特色词汇;翻译策略;新闻传播学:H3159:A:1002722X(2010)050082060.,,,(2002)(2003)(2005)(2007)(2008),:,,,,(),1.!∀#,,∃(何霞,2004:2)!∃(王蔚屈涛,2007:213),200911630,226,20%,(),183(1),,11完全直译,:,,:(1)Atatempleoneafternoon,crowdsoflocalresidentsclutchingincensesticksbowedinfrontofanaltartothegodofwealth.(March18,2009,pageA8)(2)Inmajorcities,whereonechildfamilieshavebecomethenorm,manyparentssaytheyarehappytohaveadaughterandnoson.(April5,2009,pageA1)&82&解放军外国语学院学报JournalofPLAUniversityofForeignLanguages第33卷第5期2010年9月(1)!∃thegodofwealth,,(2)onechildfamilies,!∃(BNC)∋!∃(!∃!∃),onechildfamilies!∃,,:(3)!Itslikefishinganeedleoutofthesea,∃hesaid.(April5,2009,pageA1)(4)ThefamiliesofPingyaoknowalltoowellthisoldsaying,!Wealthdoesnotlastformorethanthreegenerations.∃(March18,2009,pageA8)(5)OneChinesesayingcomparestheexamtoastampedeof!thousandsofsoldiersandtensofthousandsofhorsesacrossasinglelogbridge.∃(June13,2009,pageA4)(3)(4)(5)!∃!∃!∃,!,∃(谭卫国,2004:13),,,,,():(6)Itbecameanannualtradition,withsculptureseventuallysupplantinglanterns,thoughthefestivalhaltedforseveralyearsduringtheCulturalRevolution.(February17,2009,pageA10)(7)AsthiscountrylumbersintotheYearoftheOx,afrissonofanxietyisripplingthroughagenerationofChinesewhohadgrownupthinkingthateconomicprosperitywasguaranteedthem.(January25,2009,pageA6)(8)...atermdirectlyderivedfromPresidentHuJintaosregularexhortationsforChinesecitizenstocreateaharmonioussociety.(March12,2009,pageA1)(6)theCulturalRevolution(),(()∗),(7)!∃theYearoftheOx,,,,,,,!∃,(8)!∃aharmonioussociety,,,:(9)!Observecalmly;secureourposition;copewithaffairscalmly;hideourcapacitiesandbideourtime;begoodatmaintainingalowprofile;andneverclaimleadership.∃(May17,2009,pageMM52)(10)!Withourfleshandbloodwewillbuildanewgreatwal!lTheChinesepeoplehavereachedthecriticalhour,compelledtogivetheirfinalcal!lArise,arise,arise!Unitedwestand....∃(May31,2009,pageWK9)(9),!,,,,,∃(10),!,,∀#,∃(张建,1994:170),,,!∃:paradesbthroughstreet(January2,2009,pageB1),()parade(vtr):toproudlyshowsomethingorsomeonetootherpeople,!∃(),!∃theOpiumWars(March3,2009,pageA5),,(theOpiumWars()),12完全音译,,&83&第5期范勇纽约时报涉华报道对中国特色词汇翻译策略之研究:(11)Stillvisibleinthetwostorycourtyardsofthedefunctbankshereareopiumdensandmahjonggtables...(March18,2009,pageA8)(12)Mr.LisstruggletoopenhisSongtangzhaiMuseumisatorturedtalethatinvolvedfiveyearsofkowtowing,cajolinganda!gift∃of148prizeditemstotheCultureMinistry.(January19,2009,pageA8)mahjongg()kowtowing()(),!∃,,,!,,∃(张建,1994:170),,,,,,:(13)PublishedinsuchmajorliterarymagazinesasZhongshan,ShouhuoandShanghaiWenyi,hisstories,withtheirsurrealviolenceandcruelty,seemedtodeftlysummarizeChinashistory.(January25,2009,pageMM20)(13)ZhongshanShouhuoShanghaiWenyi3,,13直译加解释,:,,;,:(14)In2003,thegovernmentabolishedanetworkofabuseriddencampswherevagrantscouldbelegallydetainedandreplacedthemwith!reliefstations∃thatprovidedshorttermroomandboardandticketshometothosewhorequestedthem.(March4,2009,pageA8)!∃,,,(14)!∃,(15)Torefertoanunidentifiedperson+theequivalentof!justanybody∃inEnglish+oneChinesesayingcanbelooselytranslatedthisway:!someZhang,someLi.∃(April21,2009,pageA1)!∃!someZhang,someLi∃,,(15)theequivalentof!justanybody∃inEnglish,,,,,,,:(16)Thewomenweresentencedtoreeducationthroughlabor,apunishmenthandeddowntodissidentswithoutjudicialreview.(January16,2009,pageA11)(17)ThemediaoutletsplanningtoexpandoverseasincludeChinaCentralTelevision,orCCTV;Xinhua,thestaterunnewsagency;PeoplesDaily,thenewsorganoftheCommunistParty;andtheShanghaiMediaGroup.(January15,2009,pageA6)(16)!∃!∃,(17)!∃thestaterunnewsagency,,!∃!∃!∃,!∃,!∃(翟峥,2002:102);,(17)!∃,,Communist,!∃2004:!Communists∃,!∃,!∃!∃(2004:15)14音译加解释,&84&解放军外国语学院学报2010年,,,,,:(18)ThemonasteriesinthismountainvalleyaresomeofthemostimportantcentersofartintheTibetanworld,famedforthecreationofpaintedandclothscrollscalledthangkasthatdepictTibetangodsandotherreligiousiconography.(March30,2009,pageA8)(19)ItsetsamelodyplayedonathousandyearoldChinesefiddlecalledtheErhuagainstahiphopbeatthatbringsRunDMC.tomind.(January24,2009,pageC1)(18)(19)!∃!∃,,,,,:(20)InChina,manypeoplerefertothedollarasmeijin,or!Americangold.∃Governmentofficials,businessmenandpeopleonthestreetallusetheterm.(May14,2009,pageA33),!∃!∃,(20),!∃!∃,!∃,!∃15完全意译,,,,,():(21)!Canthesevouchersreallybuythings?∃sheasked,amazed,atacommunitycenterdecoratedwithasixfoothighphotographofMao.(March19,2009,pageA6)(22)OnSundaymorethanhalfabillionpeoplehereareexpectedtowatchtheannualChineseLunarNewYeargala.(January24,2009,pageC1)(23)ThedemandisespeciallystronginruralareasofsouthChina,whereatraditionoffavoringboysovergirlsandthecountrysstrictfamilyplanningpolicieshaveturnedthesaleofstolenchildrenintoathrivingbusiness.(April5,2009,pageA1)(21)communitycenter!∃