三年高考（2017-2019）高考英语真题分项汇编 专题21 语法填空（含解析）

三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题21语法填空一、2019年高考真题1.【2019·全国卷I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence___61___theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen___62___(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modemmethods___63___trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive___64___(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut___65___(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa___66___(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby___67___(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare___68___(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of___69___nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six___70___(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.【语篇解读】本文为科普文类说明文，介绍了北极熊的生存现状。61.【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为therebe句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。62.【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词hasbeenstudied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。63.【解析】考查介词用法。此处trackingpolarbearpopulations作Modernmethods的定语，用of连接，“methodsofdoingsth.”,意为“……的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。64.【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用toperform。65.【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语inrecentyears可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填havereported。66.【解析】考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief。67.【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。68.higher【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后thantheyactuallyare可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。69.【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。70.【解析】考查主谓一致。根据threearedeclining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polarbearsubpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。2.【2019·全国卷II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for___61___(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee-stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___62___sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave___63___(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award，proudIrene___64___(declare)shehadnoplans___65___(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid，“Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI___66___(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,___67___becauseIwantto.”GranddaughterGayleParks，31-whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness-saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid，“Wedon'thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall___68___(say)shewasshort-listed，wethoughtitwas___69___joke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It's___70___(wonder).”【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。讲述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她被颁发“年度女士”称号。61.being【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。62.which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为thepetshop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。63.finally【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词havebeenacknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。64.declared【解析】考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had以及said可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。65.toretire【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用todosth做后置定语,用来修饰前面的名词plan,表示“……的计划”，故填toretire。66.havemade【解析】考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“overtheyears”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填havemade。67.but【解析】考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。68.saying【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。69.a【解析】考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑”可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。70.wonderful【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。3.【2019·全国卷III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining___61___hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake___62___(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack___63___dogs，seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters___64___hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand___65___(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat，shop，andvisit.Forbreakfast，wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.Whentheywerefreefromwork，theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting___66___(compete)towatch，togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany___67___(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere___68___(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay，we___69___(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，___70___(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。61.【解析】考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于…”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。62.【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填toget。63.【解析】考查介词。“apackof”意为“一群”。故填of。64.【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。65.【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分