山西省大同市第一中学2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）

山西省大同市第一中学2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）第一部分听力（共20小题）（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题：每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheHealthyHabitsSurvey(调查)showsthatonlyaboutonethirdofAmericanseniorshavecorrecthabits.Herearesomefindingsandexpertadvice.1.Howmanytimesdidyoubrushyourteethyesterday?●Finding:Afull33%ofseniorsbrushtheirteethonlyonceaday.●Step:Removethe300typesofbacteriainyourmoutheachmorningwithabattery-operatedtoothbrush.Brushgentlyfor2minutes,atleasttwiceaday.2.Howmanytimesdidyouwashyourhandsorbatheyesterday?●Finding:Seniors,onaverage,bathefewerthan3daysaweek.Andnearly30%washtheirhandsonly4timesaday—halfofthenumberdoctorsrecommend.●Step:Wetouchourfacesaround3,000timesaday—ofteninvitinggerms(病菌)toenterourmouth,nose,andeyes.Usetoiletpapertoavoidtouchingthedoorhandle.And,mostimportant,washyourhandsoftenwithhotrunningwaterandsoapfor20seconds.3.Howoftendoyouthinkaboutfightinggerms?●Finding:Seniorsarenotfightinggermsaswellastheyshould.●Step:Beawareofgerms.Doyouknowitisnotyourtoiletbutyourkitchensponge(海绵)thatcancarrymoregermsthananythingelse?Tokillthesegerms,keepyourspongeinthemicrowavefor10seconds.1.WhatisfoundoutaboutAmericanseniors?A.Mostofthemhavegoodhabits.B.Nearly30%ofthembathethreedaysaweek.C.Allofthemarefightinggermsbetterthanexpected.D.Aboutonethirdofthembrushtheirteethonlyonceaday.2.Doctorssuggestthatpeopleshouldwashtheirhands________.A.twiceadayB.threetimesadayC.fourtimesadayD.eighttimesaday3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Weshouldkeepfromtouchingourfaces.B.Therearelessthan300typesofbacteriainthemouth.C.Akitchenspongecancarrymoregermsthanatoilet.D.Weshouldwashourhandsbeforetouchingadoorhandle.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。健康习惯调查显示，只有大约三分之一的美国老年人有正确的习惯。文章介绍了一些发现和专家建议。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“Finding:Afull33%ofseniorsbrushtheirteethonlyonceaday.”可知，大约三分之一的人每天只刷一次牙。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Andnearly30%washtheirhandsonly4timesaday—halfofthenumberdoctorsrecommend.”可知，将近30%的人每天洗4次手，只有医生建议的一半，所以医生建议每天要洗8次手。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。“Beawareofgerms.Doyouknowitisnotyourtoiletbutyourkitchenspongethatcancarrymoregermsthananythingelse?”注意细菌。你知道吗?不是你的马桶，而是厨房里的海绵，比任何东西都更容易携带细菌。”可知，C项Akitchenspongecancarrymoregermsthanatoilet.（厨房里的海绵比厕所里的细菌还多。）是不正确的。故选C。BFortheirnick-of-timeacts,Toby,a2-year-olddog,andWinnie,acutecat,werenamedDogandCatoftheYearbytheAmericanSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals.AsAmyPaulchokedonapieceofappleatherhome,herdogjumpedup,landinghardonherchestandforcingthepieceinherthroatout.WhentheKeesling’sfamilyofIndianawasabouttobekilledbycarbonmonoxide,theircatclawedatthewifeCathy’shairuntilshewokeupandcalledforhelp.Noonecouldexplaintheirtimelyheroics.Bothpetswererescuedbytheirownersininfancy.Tobyasa4-week-oldthrownintoagarbagebintodie,andWinnieasaweek-oldorphanhidingunderabarn,sohelplessthatCathy’shusband,Eric,hadtofeedhermilkwithaneyedropper.AstheKeeslingrecalledit,agas-drivenpumpbeingusedbrokedown,spreadingcarbonmonoxidethroughthehouse.BythetimeWinniewenttorescue,thecouple’s14-year-oldsonwasalreadyunconscious.“Winniejumpedonthebedandwasclawingatme,withakindofangrysound,”CathyKeeslingsaid.Thestatepolicerespondingtoher91lcallsaidthefamilywasonlyminutesfromdeath,judgingbytheamountofpoisonousgasinthehouse.AmyPaul’shusbandwasathisjobwhenshetookamiddaybreakfrommakingjewelryandbitintoanapple.“NormallyIpeelthem,butIreadinGoodHousekeepingMagazinethattheskinhasallthenutrients,soIatetheskin,andthat’swhatcausedmetochoke,”sherecalled.“Icouldn’tbreatheandIwasinpanicwhenTobyjumpedonme.Heneverdoesthat,buthedid,andsavedmylife.”BothTobyandWinnieaccompaniedtheirownerstotheawardsluncheon.4.Winniesavedthelivesofitsowner’swholefamilyinanaccidentby________.A.JumpingontoItsownerB.callingforhelpC.clawingatCathy’shairD.makingsomestrangenoises5.Whichofthefollowinghasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedword“infancy”inParagraph4?A.Middleage.B.Youth.C.Babyhood.D.Agedness.6.Whatcausedthecarbonmonoxidespreadingthroughthehouse?A.Apumpbreakingdown.B.Adriverbreakingintothehouse.C.Theburninggas.D.Thepoisonousgas.7.Whatwouldbethesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.SoSmartAnimalsAreB.GreatHonorsforCatandDogC.UnforgettableExperiencesD.DogandCatHonoredforSavingTheirMasters【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲的是两只宠物在关键时刻救助主人，从而得到动物保护协会嘉奖的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“WhentheKeeslingfamilyofIndianawasabouttobekilledbythecarbonmonoxide,theircatclawedatthewifeCathyshairuntilshewokeupandcalledforhelp.”可知，Winnie是通过抓女主人的头发的方式来弄醒她从而报警才使得一家人获救。故选C项。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第四段第二句“Tobyasa4-week-oldthrownintoagarbagebintodie,andWinnieasaweek-oldorphanhidingunderabarn.”可推知，Toby和Winnie都是在很小的时候被收养的，故此处“infancy”意为“婴儿时期”。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段第一句“AstheKeesling’srecalledit,agas-drivenpumpbeingusedbrokedown,spreadingcarbonmonoxidethroughthehouse.”可知，导致一氧化碳泄露的原因是燃气管道破裂。故选A项。【7题详解】标题判断题。根据文章第一段开篇点题，并结合对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲的是两只宠物在关键时刻救助主人，从而得到动物保护协会嘉奖的故事。故选D项。【点睛】做推理判断题时，要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然。在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义，尤其是要注意划线词前后的含义。本题第2小题，根据文章第四段第二句“Tobyasa4-week-oldthrownintoagarbagebintodie,andWinnieasaweek-oldorphanhidingunderabarn.”可推知，Toby和Winnie都是在很小的时