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2020届中考语法专练之特殊句式讲解及配套真题专练1反意疑问句:也叫附加疑问句,是在陈述句的后面加一个简短问句,对陈述句所说的事实或者观点提出疑问或希望陈述句部分内容得到证实。结构为“肯定陈述句+否定问句+?”或“否定陈述句+肯定问句+?”。例如:Youarecoming,aren’tyou?你会来的,是吗?Youcan’tswim,canyou?你不会游泳,对吗?Herbrotherwenttocollegelastyear,didn’the?她哥哥去年上的大学,是不是?注意:①陈述部分的主句带有no,never,nothing,nowhere,hardly,seldom,few,little等否定词或半否定词时,附加问句用肯定形式。例如:YouhardlyspeakEnglish,doyou?你几乎不能说英语,对吗?Theyhavefewfriendshere,dothey?他们在这里几乎没有朋友,对吗?②Therebe句型的反意疑问句,其附加问句仍用there。Therewillbeapartytomorrow,won’tthere?明天有个晚会,是不是?③陈述部分是一个主从复合句,附加问句一般要和主句一致。但是当陈述部分是“I’msure…,I’mafraid…,I(don’t)think/believe…+宾语从句”结构时,附加问句应与从句一致,而且要注意否定转移现象。Hesaidhewaslateforclass,didn’the?他说他上课迟到了,是吗?Idon’tthinkheisgoodatmath,ishe?我认为他不擅长数学,是不是这样?(否定转移)④反意疑问句的答语一般要根据事实用yes或no引导的简单问句回答,汉语的翻译有时和英语不一致。例如:—Shecan’tswim,canshe?她不会游泳,对吗?—Yes,shecan.不,她会。—Youweren’thereyesterday,areyou?你昨天没有在这里,对吗?—No,Iwasn’t.是,我不在。2.感叹句:表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫感叹句。感叹句的末尾用感叹号。句子开头经常用what或者how。1)How在感叹句中可以修饰形容词、副词、或整个句子等。例如:Howbeautifultheskirtis!这条裙子多漂亮呀!Howtallyourbrotheris!你的哥哥多高呀!Howtimeflies!时间过得真快呀!2)what在感叹句可以修饰名词。如果名词是可数名词的单数形式,用what+a/an+(形容词)+名词+主语+谓语!如果是不可数名词或者可数名词的复数形式用What+(形容词)+名词+主语+谓语!例如:Whatatallboyyourbrotheris!你哥哥是一个多么高的男孩!Whatbeautifulpicturestheyare!那些图画多美丽呀!注意:what和how引导的感叹句有时可以互换,但是要注意词序的变化。例如:他是多聪明的孩子!Whatacleverboyheis!=Howcleveraboyheis!=Howclevertheboyis!3倒装句式(1)so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语表示“……也是这样”,用于描述谓语所说情况也适用于另一个人或另一个事物,只能用在肯定句,注意上、下句所使用的动词的时态要一致。如:Youcanrideabike.SocanI.你会骑自行车,我也会。HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.他去过北京,我也去过。LinPingwastherelastnight.Sowaseveryoneelseinmyclass.林平昨晚在那里,我们班其他人昨晚也都在那里。Hesawthesnake,andsodidI.他看见那条蛇了,我也看到了。注意:上句中前句谓语动词是行为动词,所以后句中要加助动词did。就像行为动词变疑问句一样,句子如果有be、助动词(如:have,will等)和情态动词(如:can,must等),就把这些词放在另一个主语前;如果没有,就要加do,does或did。辨析:so+主语+be/助动词/情态动词,此句型不是倒装句,只是单纯地重复前面一句的意思,表示“的确如此、就是这样”。如:—Mylittlebrothercanswiminthesea.我的小弟弟能在大海里游泳。—Sohecan.的确如此。—Hegetsupveryearly.他起得真早。—Sohedoes.确实很早。(2)neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语表示“……也不这样”。用法和句型so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语一样,只是意义上表示否定。如:Thefirstoneisn’tgood,andneitheristhesecond.第一个不好,第二个也不好。Theydidn’tcomelastnight.NordidI.他们昨天晚上没有来,我也没有来。(3)以there,here,out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子。为了起到强调的作用,可构成倒装句,只把副词放在句首,主语和谓语位置调换,不加助动词。这时的主语必须是名词,主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语语序不变。如:Herecomesthebus.公共汽车来了。Hereitcomes.它来了。Incameourteacher.我们老师进来了。Outrushedtheboys.男孩子们冲了出去。(4)表地点状语的介词短语放在句首,要用倒装句式,以示强调。这种倒装句也是主谓直接调换位置,不加助动词did,does或do。如:Underabigtreesatafatman,halfasleep.树下坐着一个胖男人,似乎睡着了。(5)there放在句首时,要用倒装句式。在“there+be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be,而用表示“存在”的其他不及物动词。如:live,stand,come,lie等动词代替be。如:Therecameshoutsforhelpfromtheriver.从河里传来了呼救声。Thereliesalargewheatfieldinfrontofthehouse.房子前面是一大片麦田。真题链接:1.-Itissaidthat5Giscoming.Itwillimproveourlifegreat!(2019.江苏淮安)-__________amazingitis!A.WhatanB.HowaC.WhatD.How2.____________excitingnewsitis!Beijingwillhold2022WinterOlympicGames.(2019甘肃天水)A.WhatanB.WhatC.HowD.Howan3.______usefultheinformationyou'veprovidedis!(2019甘肃敦煌)A.WhataB.WhatC.WhatanD.How4.____smartthedriverlesscaris!Ireallywanttohaveone.(2019广东)A.WhatB.WhataC.WhatanD.How5.Lookatmynewdress.Wow!_________beautifulitis!(2019广西北部湾)A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata6.—PeterhasmadegreatprogressinEnglishrecently.(2019甘肃天水)—.Hehasbeenstudyingsohardthesedays.A.SohaveheB.SohehasC.SohehaveD.Sohashe7.—Thereisnothingleftinthefridge,___________?(2019甘肃天水)—.___________Let'sgotothesupermarkettobuysome.A.isthere;YesB.isn'tthere;YesC.isthere;NoD.isn'tthere;No8.—Wow!______cleanairwehavetoday!—Yes.Look!AlotofadultsaredoingKungfuoverthere.(2019广西玉林)A.HowB.WhataC.HowaD.What9.-HaveyouseenthehotfilmWanderingEarth____________?(2019贵州安顺)-Yes,Ihave.____________wonderfulsciencefictionmovieitis!A.yet,HowaB.already,HowC.yet,WhataD.already,What10.-WangBinhasneverstoppedsmoking,____________he?-____________,hehasn't.Althoughhiswifealwaysadviseshimnotto.(2019贵州安顺)A.has,YesB.hasn't,YesC.has,NoD.hasn't,No11.Stevenhadnothingforbreakfastthismorning,?No.Becausehehadafever.(2019贵州黔南州)A.hadn'theB.hadheC.didn'theD.didhe12.______hard﹣workingboyZhouBinis!Yes.I'msurehe'llpassthetest.(2019海南)A.WhataB.WhatC.How13.Lucy,lookatthestarsinthesky.____!A.WhatbrightitisB.HowbrighttheyareC.Whatbrighttheyare14.________songthelittlegirlsings!(2019黑龙江绥化)A.WhatasweetB.HowasweetC.Whatsweet15.Ifyoutakeavacationthissummer,so________I.(2019黑龙江绥化)A.willB.doC.am16.-Hedidn'tgotoschool,didhe?-,__________________,thoughhehadastomachache.(2019湖北黄石)A.No,hedidn'tB.Yes,hedidn'tC.Yes,hedidD.No,hedid17.________________excitingnewsitis13D一printedhouseswillcomeout!(2019湖北黄石)A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD,Howan18._______funitistohaveafieldtripontheOrangeIsland!(2019湖南长沙)A.WhatB.WhataC.How19.-____________differentlifeistoday!(2019湖南邵阳)-Yeah.Wearealllivingahappyandrichlifenow.A.WhataB.HowC.What20.---beautifulsongitis!(2019吉林)---Yes.ItisTaylorSwift'snewsong.A.HowB.WhatC.Whata21.-___________wonderfulthemusicis!What’sitsname?(2019江苏宿迁)-Victory.A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata22.GuanDongsavedanoldladyoutoftheYangtzeRiver.________greatcourageheshowed!(2019呼和浩特)A.WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How23.specialclasseswehad!Wehavelearnedalotaboutpapercutting.(2019山东青岛)A.WhatB.WhataC.HowaD.How24.—I’mtiredoutafterth
本文标题:2020届中考英语语法专练 特殊句式讲解及真题专练
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