（江苏专用）2021版新高考英语一轮复习 课时提能练34 牛津译林版

课时提能练(三十四)Unit4Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld课时作业A：基础层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空ATheUNisaninternationalorganizationconsistingofcountriesthatwanttopromoteworldpeace.It1.was_set(set)upjustaftertheSecondWorldWarby51countries2.whiletoday192countriesaltogether.TheUNhasfourmainfunctions：tokeepinternationalpeace;todevelopfriendly3.relationships(relationship)amongnations；toworktogetherin4.solving(solve)internationalpoliticalconflictsandinpromotingrespectforhumanrights；andtobeacentrefororganizingtheactions5.orworkofdifferentnations.Apartfromtheurgentproblems6.caused(cause)bywarsanddisasters，theUNhelpscountries7.withotherproblemssuchaslackofeducation，8.starvation(starve)，disasters，AIDSandotherdiseases.At9.aUNmeetingin2000，allofitsmembersagreedtotryandmeeteightdevelopmentgoalsbytheyear2015，oneofwhich10.is(be)toensurethatcleanwaterisavailabletoeveryoneandanotheristhatallchildrencompleteprimaryeducation.BNowadaysmanypeoplelackhealthyfoodonaccountofenvironmentalpollution.What'sworse，insomeplaces，itisimpossibleforpeople1.to_drink(drink)cleanwater.Luckily，thegovernmentistryingeverymeanstohelpthemandthepublicalsocontributemoneytothem.Ontheotherhand，thenon-officialenvironmentalorganization2.referred(refer)tojustadvocatestheuseofgreenpower，whichis3.beneficial(benefit)toourenvironment，atthesametime，ifonlywecouldusesomealternativemeansoftransportsuchasbusesandbikes，ourlivingenvironmentwouldbecomebetter.Inaword，whatwehavedonewillmakemuch4.difference(differ)toourenvironment.Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1．外国学习者很难理解唐诗的真实含义和文化。(sth.＋be＋adj.＋todo)ThetruemeaningandthecultureofTangpoemsare_difficult_to_understandforaforeignlearner.2．我胃不舒服，我倒希望没有吃那么多。(wouldrather)IhaveanupsetstomachandIwould_ratherIhadn't_eatensomuch.3．由于缺钱，可怜的女孩不能买这本书。(lack)Thepoorgirlcan'tbuythisbookfor_lack_of_money.4．提醒我在出去之前给艾伦打个电话。(remind)Remind_me_to_phoneAlanbeforeIgoout.课时作业B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·昆明市诊断测试)Who'rehappier，menorwomen?Researchshowsit'sacomplexquestionandthataskingwhethermalesorfemalesarehappierisn'treallythathelpful，becausebasically，happinessisdifferentforwomenandmen.Women'shappinesshasbeendecliningforthepast30years，accordingtorecentstatistics.Andresearchshowsthatwomenaretwiceaslikelytoexperiencedepressioncomparedwithmen.Gender(性别)differencesindepressionarewellconfirmedandstudieshavefoundthatbiological，psychologicalandsocialfactorscontributetothedifference.Earlystudiesongenderandhappinessfoundmenandwomenweresocializedtoexpressdifferentfeelings.Womenaremorelikelytoexpresshappiness，warmthandfear，whichhelpwithsocialbondingandappearmoreconsistentwiththetraditionalroleasaprimarycaregiver，whilemendisplaymoreanger，prideanddisrespect，whicharemoreconsistentwithaprotectorandproviderrole.Recentresearchsuggeststhatthesedifferencesarenotjustsocially，butalsogeneticallyrelated.Studieshavelookedintothesefindingsfurtheranddiscoveredthatfemalesusemoreareasofthebraincontainingmirrorneurons(镜像神经元)thanmaleswhentheyprocessfeelings.Mirrorneuronsallowustoexperiencetheworldfromotherpeople'sview，tounderstandtheiractionsandintentions.Thismayexplainwhywomencanexperiencedeepersadness.Womentendtoexperiencemorenegativefeelings，suchasmoreguilt，shameandtoalesserdegree，embarrassment.Psychologicallyitseemsmenandwomendifferinthewaytheyprocessandexpressfeelings.Withtheexceptionofanger，womenexperiencefeelingsmorestronglyandsharetheirfeelingsmoreopenlywithothers.Studieshavefoundinparticularthatwomenexpressmoreappreciation—whichhasbeenlinkedtogreaterhappiness.Thissupportsthetheorythatwomen'shappinessismoredependentonrelationshipsthanmen's.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章从社会、生理和心理三个方面介绍了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。1．Whichfeelingaremenmorelikelytoshowcomparedwithwomen?A．Warmth.B．Depression.C．Happiness.D．Disrespect.D[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“whilemendisplaymoreanger，prideanddisrespect”可知，男性表现更多的是生气、骄傲和无礼，故选D。]2．Whatfactorscausewomentosharefeelingsmoreopenly?A．Psychologicalfactors.B．Biologicalfactors.C．Educationalfactors.D．Socialfactors.A[细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，本段从心理方面介绍了男性和女性在处理和表达感情方面的不同：与男性相比，女性更加公开地表露自己内心的情感。]3．Onecanprobablyreadthetextfrom________.A．asciencefictionB．aculturebrochureC．anurseryguideD．ahealthmagazineD[推理判断题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。由此可推知，本文有可能摘自一本健康杂志，故选D项。]4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Menandwomendifferinbiologyandpsychology.B．Menandwomenexperiencehappinessdifferently.C．Socialroleshaveagreateffectonmenandwomen.D．Women'shappinesshasdeclinedinthepastyears.B[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异，故B项最符合文意。]B(2019·成都市毕业班摸底测试)Asevolutiontendstoremovewaste，howcomeweevolvedsuchlarge，energy­consumingbrains?Thedominanthypothesis(假设)suggeststhattoughsocialinteractionsarethedrivingforce.Butournewstudydoneinanunusualwayshowsthathumanbrainexpansionislikelydrivenbyecology(生态)．Scientistshavetestedtheecologicalandsocialhypothesesbefore.Thecommonapproachistolookatmanyspeciesandinvestigatewhetherlargebrainsareassociatedwithspecificproblems.Forexample，doprimatesorotheranimalswithlargebrainshaveadietthatischallengingtofindbutnutritionallyrewarding?Thiswouldindicateanecologicalorigin.Ordotheyliveinlargegroupswheretheyfacelotsofsocialproblems?Whilemanystudi