（江苏专用）2021版新高考英语一轮复习 层级1 基础写作 第2讲 写作常见的3类错误及防范措施教学

第2讲写作常见的3类错误及防范措施改正下列句子中的错误1．Peoplethrowedcans,paper,bagsandsoonintotheriver.throwed→threw2．Duringmysummervacation,Ispenthalfamonthinthecountryandplayedveryhappy.happy→happily3．WemustpayattentionourpronunciationwhenwespeakEnglish.attention后加to4．It'shightimewedosomethingtoreducetrafficaccidents.do→did5．Therehavebeenmoreandmoreroadaccidentshappenedinrecentyears.happened→happening6．Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswife,aretoarriveontheeveningflight.are→is7．WouldyoupleasemeetmyuncleattheairportbecausethisishisfirsttimevisittotheUS?去掉time8．Ihavemanycollectionsofstamps,someofthemaremyfavorite.some前加and或them→which一、考场作文常见的3类错误考场写作常见错误主要分为三类：词汇类错误、语法类错误和汉语式英语。(一)词汇类错误考试时，学生很容易出现词形变化错误，而词性不清和词汇运用方面的错误主要还是受汉语的影响。其应对措施是在备考时多注意容易拼错或容易出现词形变化错误的单词，真正用心去体会英语词汇的词性和运用，对一些固定习语更不要想当然地改动。1．词形变化错误误：Thecarhittedtheoldmananddrivedaway.正：Thecarhittheoldmananddroveaway.2．词性不清错误误：Doingapart­timejobprobablyeffectsyourstudies.正：Doingapart­timejobprobablyaffectsyourstudies.3．词汇运用错误误：Heopenedthelightafterheenteredtheroom.正：Heturnedonthelightafterheenteredtheroom.4．擅自改动习语误：Welostthegame,butwedidn'tloseourheart.正：Welostthegame,butwedidn'tloseheart.(二)语法类错误一个正确的句子除了用词得当外，语法上也应该准确无误。如果语法上不正确，再好的构思也难以正确地加以表达，语法错误的多少会直接影响作文得分档次。英语写作中语法类错误主要表现在如下几个方面：1．时态错误误：Inthemorning,wehadbicycledtothesuburbstoplanttrees.正：Inthemorning,webicycledtothesuburbstoplanttrees.2．语态错误误：Childrenwhoraiseinpoorfamiliescangenerallydealwithproblemsmoreeffectivelyintheiradultyears.正：Childrenwhoareraisedinpoorfamiliescangenerallydealwithproblemsmoreeffectivelyintheiradultyears.3．非谓语动词使用错误误：Comparingwithothercountries,thecountrypayslittleattentiontothepollution.正：Comparedwithothercountries,thecountrypayslittleattentiontothepollution.4．主谓一致错误误：Myhobbyiswidespread,whichincludedrawing,collectingstampsandsoon.正：Myhobbyiswidespread,whichincludesdrawing,collectingstampsandsoon.5．比较级使用错误误：Withthedevelopmentoftransportation,theworldseemstobegettingmoreandmoresmaller.正：Withthedevelopmentoftransportation,theworldseemstobegettingsmallerandsmaller.(三)汉语式英语一般来说，英汉两种语言既有许多相似之处，又有许多不同之处。在写作时如果想当然地去写，会出现许多汉语式英语，其中主要包括如下几个方面：1．纯汉语式思维和汉语式语序误：Atthisschoolstudying,Ireallyveryhappy.正：Studyingatthisschool,Iamreallyveryhappy.2．句子成分残缺误：Therearemanystudentsdon'tsupporttheproject.正：Therearemanystudentswhodon'tsupporttheproject.3．句子粘连误：Ontheotherhand,dogsareourbestfriends,bringusalotoffun.正：Ontheotherhand,dogsareourbestfriends,which/andbringusalotoffun.4．搭配不当误：Underthehelpoftheteacher,IhavemadegreatprogressinmyEnglish.正：Withthehelpoftheteacher,IhavemadegreatprogressinmyEnglish.二、防范出现错误的2个措施(一)确定主语英语句子无论多长都有自己的主语(祈使句省略了主语you)。动手写句子之前首先要确定主语，其次要特别注意汉语与英语在表达方面的区别。例如：1．北京八月多雨。误：BeijingrainsmuchinAugust.正：ItrainsmuchinBeijinginAugust.2．写得很匆忙，我们发现书中满是错误。误：Writteninahurry,wefoundthebookfullofmistakes.正：Writteninahurry,thebookwasfoundfullofmistakes(byus)．(二)确定谓语动词英文中没有动词就构不成句子，但英语动词千变万化，稍不注意就会写错句子。在写句子时应特别注意以下几个方面：1．注意及物与不及物动词的正确运用误：Thelivingstandardofthepeoplehasraisedinthepasttwentyyears.正：Thelivingstandardofthepeoplehasrisen/hasbeenraisedinthepasttwentyyears.2．注意延续性与非延续性动词的正确运用误：Hehaslefthishometownfortwentyyears.正：Hehasbeenawayfromhishometownfortwentyyears.3．注意一些不可用于被动语态的动词误：Manystarsareappearedintheskyatnight.正：Manystarsappearintheskyatnight.下面的学生作文中有8处错误，请改正DearArthur，Itisthreeweekssinceyougonetohospital.Howareyoufeelingnow?Hopeyouwillrecoversoonbecauseallofourclassmatesverymissyou.Asyoumayknowit,wehavejustfinishedourmid­termexam.IamveryhappytosaythatImadeagreatprogressthistime.Ireallythankyourencouragement.Besides,ourschool'ssportsmeetingwillbeholdednextFridayandSaturday.OurclassdidreallygoodlastyearandIbelievewewouldgetmoreprizesthisyearifyouweretojoinus.Wearelookingforwardtoyourcomeback.Yours，LiHua【答案】DearArthur，Itisthreeweekssinceyougonewenttohospital.Howareyoufeelingnow?Hopeyouwillrecoversoonbecauseallofourclassmatesverymissyoumissyouverymuch.Asyoumayknowit,wehavejustfinishedourmid­termexam.IamveryhappytosaythatImadeagreatprogressthistime.Ireallythankappreciateyourencouragement.Besides,ourschool'ssportsmeetingwillbeholdedheldnextFridayandSaturday.OurclassdidreallygoodwelllastyearandIbelievewewouldgetmoreprizesthisyearifyouweretojoinus.Wearelookingforwardtoyourcomecomingback.Yours，LiHua