项目导向型组织中的知识创造机理研究

南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文项目导向型组织中的知识创造机理研究姓名：梅广敏申请学位级别：硕士专业：管理科学与工程（工程与项目管理）指导教师：李南20080301IIIAbstractIntheeraofknowledgeeconomy,thepositionofknowledgemanagementisirreplaceable.Knowledgeisdynamicandlive,themostcruciallinkofknowledgemanagementistheongoingknowledgecreation.AsanimportantpartofKnowledgeManagement,knowledgecreationhasbeenanimportantmeansmakinghardcorecompetitionreinforcementincreasedinanorganizationandinsuringsustainabledevelopmentinthecompetition,therebytheorganizationwillremaininvincible.Project-orientedbusinessprocessisnotonlytherealizationoftheobjectoftheproject,butalsoaprocessgeneratingvaluableknowledge,atthesametimethepersistentofknowledgecreationwillinturnhelptheprojectsuccessfullycomplete.Atpresent,knowledgecreationandproject-orientedorganizationhavebeenresearchedbyemphasizingthereownvaluerespectively.However,thewayhowtocombinetheminordertowellcognizetheknowledgecreationineachstagewhenproject-orientedorganizationsisonbusinessanditsinfluencingfactorsarelackofin-depthanalysisanddiscussion.Thispaperintroducedtheconceptofthevaluechain,analyzingtheknowledgecreationprocessinfourstageofasingleprojectbycombiningthelife-cycleoftheproject.Andthenbasedontheprojectportfoliomanagementthinkingtheprocessofknowledgecreationinproject-orientedorganizationshasbeenanalyzed.Whenanalyzingtheinfluencingfactorincreatingknowledgeinproject-orientedorganizations,theactualprojectandthesurveyhavebeenused.Atfirst,therealsituationoftheknowledgecreationintheproject-orientedorganizationshasbeenstudied.Thentherootcausesofthefactor,theconflictbetweenshort-termeffectsandtheorganization'slong-termstrategy,retainthekeyemployeesbylong-terminspirit,organizationalstructureandperformanceappraisalhavebeendiscussed.Finallytheimplementstrategyhasbeenresearchedbythreeleverssuchastheorganization,teamandtheindividual.Inthispaper,inordertohelptheproject-orientedorganizationsdevelopandknowledgecreation,theinherentmechanismofknowledgecreationhasbeenstudiedbythetwoaspectandthreeleversmentionedabove.Keywords:project-orientedorganization,knowledgecreation,knowledgemanagement,projectportfoliomanagement,short-termeffectsofproject,thestrategyoforganizationV1.1....................33.1...................................173.2...............................244.1...........................264.2...............................264.3ArcherGhasemzadeh.................274.4.........................................304.5...........................324.6...........................344.7...........................354.8...........................364.9.........................375.1............................395.2..............................405.3.......................................455.4.....................................465.5.................................485.6.................................495.71997-2006.................55,()11.11995[1]90[2][3][4][5]200532810200620202[6]200752007102526072007102728——1.21.32.1.11.141.31.(1(2(32.(1)(2)(3)5(4)62.12.1.1[7][8]PaulGraceWTO[9]72.1.2[10]-[12]1234582.22.2.12090GareisTurner[13]Gareis[14]InternationalProjectManagementAssociationIPMA[15]ProjectManagementInstitutePMIArtto1999PMI2001KerznerRobertsonPMI2004OPM3[16]9[17][6]2.2.2PMIIPMA2.32.3.110[18]101234[19]2.3.22.3.2.11.113[20]2.1232.3.2.21.,,(1),,12,,,,,(2),,,,,,,2.1234135[21][22]14[23]3.13.1.13.1.1.1[24]ThomasH.Davenport15[4]3.1.1.2[25](Know-what)(Know-why)(Know-how)(Know-who)OECDKnow-whatKnow-why16[26]OECDKnow-howKnow-who3.1.2KroghGV.[27]SECI3.1.3SECI3.1.3.1SECI1991173.13.141)2)3)4)3.1.3.25[4]1)2)183)4)5)3.1.3.3[4]1)2)3)4)5)3.23.2.1[28]19[29][30]3.2.1.1NonakaTakeuchiSECI[31]PeterH.Gray[32][33]SECI[34]20SECI[35]SECI[36]6PatrickS.W.Fong[37][38]2080IBMNonakaTakeuchiSECISECI3.2.1.2DatawareTechnologySmith[39]NonakaTakeuchi[31]ArthurAndersenLiebowitzBeckmanJohannessenetal.Drew21[39][40]ApostolouheMentzasDelphiGroupShin,etalLiebowitzMegbolugbeMonsantoSkandiaLiebowitzHeijstetal.lTheMutualGroup[39]SusanAlbersMohrmanFinegoldAllanMohrman[41][39][42]··(DKCU)[43]()BaSECI[44][45][46][47]223.2.1.3[48]C.K.HolsappleM.Singh1998[36],,[49]:a.b.c.d.[50]:a.()()b.()()c.()d.,[51]9,,9[52]M.AppleyardGretchenA.Kalsow:[53]MathieuWeggeman23[54],,,,()MathieuWeggeman,,,,3.2.23.2.2.13.2.2.23.224[29]3.2254.14.1.1[7]4.1.1.1,JoraonMacheskyWeissWysockiJackGidoIT4.1JackGido264.14.24.2274.1.1.2[7]4.3ArcherGhasemzadeh284.14.1//1996“”a3xxa3xx747a3xx747a3xx747747-x747-xa3xxa3xxa3xxa3xx747-x747-x747-x4.1.229[55]4.1.3[28][25]304.44.2,,,,,,,,31,,,,,,,4.2[56]4.21234567123456712345,,,,,,,,,324.2.14.2.1.1——()requestforproposalRFP4.5334.2.1.2——Koskinen[57]344.64.2.1.3——35[58]4.7364.2.1.4——4.84.2.2374.94.9[56]4.3384.3/++395.1300/5.15.15.1405.11000300004000030010003000300004000400003003000400015.25.2KM-01KM-02KM-03KM-01.02KM-01.03KM-01.01KM-02.03KM-02.04KM-02.02KM-02.01KM-02.05KM-04.01KM-04.02415.25.25.212KPIKM-01KM-02KM-03/2423455.25.2.12010435.2.1.1()5.2.1.2Project44ManagementOfficePMO[59]PMO[60]PMO[61][62]8[63]15.3455.35.3465.33-1-315.45.45.4475.45.55.520%2485.55.5ABCADABB12495.65.602515605095509585100/////35.65.6YN50(