中考英语语法专项复习 代词课件

1.分析近三年对于代词的考查,其中对人称代词、物主代词及反身代词的考查尤为突出。其中题干以对话形式为主，词数在10到18词之间，考生应识记并灵活运用第一、二、三人称的各种变换形式。2.同时,对于不定代词的考查也不容忽视,考生应熟练掌握neither,either,both及something,anything,everything,nothing等的用法。人称代词指代人或物，分为主格和宾格。主格在句中充当主语；宾格在句中充当动词的宾语或表语、介词的宾语。考点一：人称代词/第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouyouhimheritthemit的用法1)可代替前面提到过的事物，也可代替可数名词单数或不可数名词。e.g.Thisisawatch.Itisnew.2)指时间、天气、距离等。e.g.—How’stheweathertoday?—It’ssunny.It’seighto’clockintheevening.3)可代替动词不定式作句中的形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于某些固定句式中。It’s+adj./n.(forsb./ofsb.)+todosth.(it作形式主语)Sb.find(s)/think(s)it+adj.+todosth.(it作形式宾语)e.g.It’snecessaryforustolearnEnglishwell.Shefounditdifficulttolearngeography.1.Pleaselend_______Englishbookto_______.A.your,meB.you,meC.you,I2.Tomorrowisourteacher'sbirthdayandwearegoingtogive_____abigsurprise.A.hisB.himC.heD.himselfAB3.-Dave,whereisMr.Black?-Isaw____intheclassroomtenminutesago.A.heB.himC.sheD.her4.-Mike,whohelped____makethepaperplane?-Nobody!Imadeitallbymyself.A.yourB.yoursC.youD.yourselfBC考点二：物主代词物主代词用来表示所属关系，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词在句中作定语修饰名词，不能单独使用；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，可与of所有格连用。形容词性物主代词myouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshishersitstheirs1.---AreKateandJoan_____goodfriends?---Yes,theyare.Pleaselookafter_____.A.your;theirB.your;themC.yours;theirsD.you;themB2.Mygrandmaandgrandpaareteachers.Theybothlike______students.A.herB.hisC.theirsD.their3.–Tina,isthisyourdictionary?-No.______isathome．A.MyB.MineC.YoursDB4.–David,isthat______Englishdictionary?-Yes,itis_______.Itisnew.A.yours;myB.your;myC.your;mine5.Sheismyfriend._______nameisBetty.A.ItsB.HisC.HerD.MyCC考点三：反身代词1.反身代词表示“某人自己的”，在句中可用作动词或介词的宾语，也可用作主语或宾语的同位语，表示强调。单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himselfthemselvesherselfitself2.反身代词的固定搭配有：byoneself(独自),foroneself(为自己),enjoyoneself(过得愉快),helpyourself/yourselvestosth.(随便吃),teachoneself(自学),dressoneself(给自己穿衣服),believeinoneself(相信自己),behaveoneself(举止规矩),keepittooneself(不把某事告诉别人),talktooneself(自言自语),saytooneself(心里想)等。1.---Doyouknowwhotaught_____French?---Nobody.Helearneditby____.A.his;himselfB.him;himC.him;himselfD.his;himC2.OnthewaytoMountHeng,thescenerywassobeautifulthatallofuslost______init.A.myselfB.themselvesC.ourselves3.Ifwejustthinkabout_______,theboatoffriendshipwillbeoverturnedanytime.A.myselfB.himselfC.yourselfD.ourselvesCD4.—Whatanicemodelplane!—Thanks.Imadeitwith3-Dprinterby_____.A.meB.himC.itselfD.myself5.MycousinAndrewiscrazyaboutdoingmanythingsby_____.A.herselfB.himselfC.himD.herDB考点四：指示代词常用的指示代词有this，that，these和those。\单数复数指近this这；这个these这些指远that那；那个those那些温馨提示：1.that和those可用于比较结构来替代前面提到的名词，以避免重复。2.打电话时用this介绍自己，用that询问对方。1.—ThepopulationofChinaislargerthan______ofIndia.—Yes,butIndia’spopulationisincreasingrapidly.A.itB.oneC.thatD.thisC2.—Whoisthatspeaking?—_____Mikespeaking.A.I'mB.MynameisC.ThatisD.Thisis3.Yourhometownisreallynice!Theairqualityisasgoodas_____ofSanya.A.itB.oneC.thatD.theoneDC考点五：不定代词常用的不定代词有：some,any,one,no,both,neither,none,all,each,either,many,much,few,little,afew,alittle,other,theother,others,theothers,another以及由every,some,any,no构成的复合不定代词，如something,everything,nothing,anybody,somebody,nobody,everyone,someone等。辨析常用不定代词both,all,neither,none,either,any1.both,all都表示肯定意义。both表示“两者都”；all表示“三者或三者以上都”。2.neither,none都表示否定意义。neither表示“两者都不”，与both相对；none表示“三者或三者以上都不”，与all相对。3.either表示“两者中任何一个”；any表示“（三者或三者以上中的）任何的，任一的”。another,theother,others,theothers1.another指不确定数目中的“另一个”，后接单数名词、“of+复数名词”或“数字+复数名词”。2.theother特指两部分或两者中的另外一个，常与one连用。3.others相当于“other+可数名词复数”，表示不确定指，相当于汉语的“其他的人或物，别的人或物”。4.theothers表示确定指，相当于汉语的“其余的人或物，所有其他的人或物”。thing复合不定代词含义用法例句something某事；某物常用于肯定句中Youcaneatsomethingfirst.复合不定代词thing复合不定代词含义用法例句anything某事；某物常用于否定句及疑问句中Ididn’teatanythingforlunch.Didyoueatanythingforlunch?任何东西(事物)常用于肯定句中Youcantakeanythingyoulike.thing复合不定代词含义用法例句everything一切用于肯定句、否定句及疑问句中Hersoniseverythingtoher.Moneyisn’teverything.Howiseverything?thing复合不定代词含义用法例句nothing没有什么用于否定句中，相当于notanythingIhavenothingtosaynow.=Idon’thaveanythingtosaynow.one复合不定代词含义用法例句someone某人常用于肯定句中Isawsomeoneinthatroom.anyone某人常用于否定句及疑问句中Ididn’tseeanyoneintheroom.Didanyonecallmeyesterday?任何人常用于肯定句中Anyonecandothat.one复合不定代词含义用法例句everyone人人；大家用于肯定句、否定句及疑问句中Everyoneisheretoday.Everyonedoesn’tlikethefoodhere.Dideveryoneinyourclassgoforatrip?noone没有人常用于否定句中Noonewantstowalktothezoo.注意:1.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。e.g.Everyoneinthisvillageisfriendly.2.复合不定代词若有定语修饰时，定语要放在其后。e.g.Let’sdosomethinginteresting.Hewantssomethingtoeatnow.3.something也可用于期望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中。e.g.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?1.-Thereisnosaltleft.Jim,wouldyouliketoget________?-OK,Mum!A.itB.oneC.someD.any2.I'msorryIknow______aboutit.It'sasecretbetweenthem.A.nothingB.somethingC.anythingD.everythingCA3.-Isthere________elseintheclassroom?-Itisempty._____islisteningtoaspeechintheschoolhall.A.anyone;AnyoneB.anyone;EveryoneC.everyone;AnyoneD.everyone;EveryoneB4.---There’refourbedroomsinthehouse_______withitsownshower.---That’swhatIwant.I’vegotafewkids.A.eitherB.neitherC.eachD.none5.--Whowashurtinthetrafficaccident?--_______.A.NoneB.NooneC.NothingCB6.-Isthere______intoday’snewspap