中考英语语法专项复习 简单句和主从复合句课件

简单句是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。对简单句的基本句型结构的考查是中考常见考点。考点一：主语+系动词+表语如：Mr.GreenisfromSouthernEngland.温馨提示：初中阶段所学的系动词有be,seem,keep,stay,look,smell,taste,sound,feel,become,get,turn,fall等。考点二：主语+不及物动词如：Shespokeatthemeetingyesterdayevening.考点三：主语+及物动词+宾语如：Tomplaysmanydifferentballgames.考点四：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语如：Lindasentmealovelybirthdaycardyesterday.温馨提示：间接宾语是人，直接宾语是物。能接双宾语的动词多数要在间接宾语前加to或for。①加to的动词有give,send,pass,take,bring,show,lend,tell等。②加for的动词有buy,make,build,mend,cook等。考点五：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语如：Iwillpaintmyroomblue.考点六：therebe句型如：Therearemanybeautifulflowersinthegarden.【中考链接】Ⅰ.将所给单词连成句子。要求符合语法，语句通顺，大小写正确，单词不得重复使用，标点已给出。1.night,did,last,rain,it______________________________________?2.gift,him,birthday,gave,a,I_______________________________________.DiditrainlastnightIgavehimabirthdaygift3.tennis,a,Nancy,twice,week,play_______________________________________.NancyplaystennistwiceaweekⅡ.将下列汉语翻译成英语。1.这座桥有300米左右长。_______________________________________2.你应该和你的老师讨论一下这个问题。____________________________________________________3.我认为五十年后将有更多的污染。_______________________________________Thisbridgeisabout300meterslong.Youshoulddiscussthisquestionwithyourteacher.Ithinktherewillbemorepollutionin50years.III.()1.There________twodictionariesonthebookcase.Youcanuseeitherofthem.A.isB.wasC.areD.were()2.There________apencilandsomepensinthebox.A.isB.areC.aren’t()3.There________abasketballmatchinourschooltomorrow.A.willhaveB.willbeC.areD.isgoingtohaveCAB()4.—Doyouknow________awonderfulfootballmatchandtwobasketballmatchesonJuly15th?—Yeah.Iamgoingtowatchthemonthatday.A.therewillbeB.therewillhaveC.thereareD.therehave()5.—Isthereawatermelononthetable?—________A.Yes,thereis.B.Yes,itis.C.No,thereis.D.No,itisn’t.AA初中阶段要求掌握的主从复合句主要有宾语从句、状语从句和限定性定语从句。一、宾语从句考点一：宾语从句的关联词及其作用关联词作用that本身无意义，在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，常常可以省略。if,whether意为“是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，但不能省略。关联词作用what,who,whose,whom,which在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语等，不能省略。when,where,why,how在从句中作状语，不能省略。考点二：宾语从句必须是陈述句语序。考点三：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，不管主句是什么时态，宾语从句都使用一般现在时。【中考链接】()1.—Doyouknow______themeeting?—Tomorrowmorning.A.whentheyhadB.whentheyaregoingtohaveC.whendidtheyhaveD.whenaretheygoingtohaveB()2.—Excuseme,canyoutellme______?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.Youcangototheinformationdesk.A.thatthereisatrainB.whenthetrainleavesC.whichtraincanItakeD.wheredoesthetraingoB根据括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词。1.“HowdoyousellgoodsattheWeChatshop?”Kevinaskedme.(改写句子，句意不变)Kevinaskedme___I_____goodsattheWeChatshop.2.“WhenwillyoufinishtheprojectonInternetsafety?”theofficialasked.(改为宾语从句)Theofficialasked_____I______finishtheprojectonInternetsafety.howsoldwhenwould二、状语从句考点一：引导状语从句的连词时间状语从句：when,while,as,before,after,since,until,assoonas条件状语从句：if,unless,aslongas原因状语从句：because,as,since,for目的状语从句：sothat,inorderthat结果状语从句：sothat,so…that/such…that让步状语从句：though,although,evenif/though比较状语从句：than,as…as,notas/so…as考点二：在含有时间或条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句是一般将来时，那么从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来。【中考链接】I.()1.AuntLucywilltellussomethingabouthertriptoAustraliawhenshe______back.A.cameB.comesC.wouldcomeD.willcomeB()2.—IwonderwhetherBrazilwillwinthematchlatertonight.—Gotobedfirst.Iwillwakeyouupassoonasthematch______.A.startsB.startedC.willstartD.isstarting()3.Ifthere______nobuyingandsellingofanimals,therewillbenokillinginnature.A.isB.willbeC.hasD.willhaveAA()4.Ifitisn’tfinethisweekend,ourspringfieldtrip______.A.iscancelledB.wascancelledC.willbecancelled()5.Wewonderifourteachers______toourgraduatingpartynextweekend.Ifthey______,we’llbeveryhappy.A.willcome;willcomeB.come;willcomeC.willcome;comeD.come;comeCCⅡ.根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空词数不限。1.除非我拿到驾照，否则我不能开我父亲的车。Ican’tdrivemy_______car_____Igetmydrivinglicense.2.你讲得太快了，我听不懂。能再说一次吗？Youspoke__fast____ICouldn’tunderstandyou.Wouldyousayitagain?sothatfather’sunless3.除非有医院的证明，否则你必须参加体育测试。You’rerequiredtotake_______intheP.E.test_______youhaveadoctor’snote.4.如果明天不下雨，我的家人将去野餐。________________________,myfamilywillgoforapicnic.5.一收到妈妈的来信，她就立刻启程回家。Shewillsetoffforhomeatonceassoonasshe___________hermother.(hear)Ifitdoesn’traintomorrowpartunlesshearsfrom三、定语从句考点一：当先行词为物时，可用that/which引导定语从句，that/which在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)。考点二：当先行词为人时，可用who/that引导定语从句，who/that在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略)。考点三：关系代词的特殊用法1.只能用that情况(1)先行词为不定代词all,few,little,much,everything,nothing等时。(2)先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。(3)先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等不定代词修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修饰时。(5)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。(6)先行词既有人又有物时。(7)time作先行词且前面有序数词或last修饰时，定语从句用that引导；如果没有序数词或last修饰时，既可用when也可用that来引导。2.只能用which的情况(1)关系代词作介词的宾语时，用“介词+which”结构。(2)引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。考点四：关系副词的用法1.when引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的先行词。2.where在句中作状语，表示地点。3.why在句中作状语，表示原因。【中考链接】()1.People______overweightneedmorewaterthanthinpeople.A.whoisB.whichareC.thatisD.whoare()2.“Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike,Rosa?”“Ilovemusic______isquietandgentle.”A.thatB.whoC.WhereDA()3.—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I’mlookingforthebook______youlentmeyesterday.A.whatB.whoC.whenD.不填()4.Helikeslow-carbonlife.Helivesinthehouse______hebuilthimselfoutoftrash.A.whereB.whatC.whichD.inwhichDC