2019-2020学年高中英语 Module 4 Great Scientists Section

-1-SectionⅡGrammarZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习一、根据汉语提示,用动词的适当形式填空1.亚洲其他国家和一些欧洲国家比如意大利等,都种植水稻。RicealsoinmanyotherAsiancountries,andinsomeEuropeancountrieslikeItaly.2.1966年,他的研究成果在中国发表。TheresultsofhisexperimentsinChinain1966.3.研究得到了政府的赞助。Theresearchbythegovernment.4.在此之后,袁隆平培育的水稻还出口到巴基斯坦和菲律宾等国家。Followingthis,YuanLongping’sricetoothercountries,suchasPakistanandthePhilippines.一二isgrownwerepublishedwassupportedwasexportedZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习5.在巴基斯坦,水稻是继小麦之后的第二种最重要的作物并将在许多地方种植。InPakistanriceisthesecondmostimportantcropafterwheatandinmanypartsofthecountry.6.中国袁隆平高科技农业公司已开发出一种新的杂交水稻。ThenewhybridricebytheYuanLongpingHigh-techAgriculturalCompanyofChina.一二willbegrownhasbeendevelopedZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习一二二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Howlonghaveyoubeen(marry)?2.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimetoget(change).3.Tomydelight,I(choose)fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.4.Uptonow,billionsofdollars(spend)onspaceexploration.5.Anewsupermarket(build)nearourhousenow.marriedchangedwaschosenhasbeenspentisbeingbuiltZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习1231.Researcherslearnthingswhentheycarryoutexperiments.(Page35)研究人员在做实验的过程中获得知识。★考点carryoutvt.实施,实现Nomatterwhatdifficultyyouwillmeetwith,carryoutyourplanuntilyousucceed.不管你遇到什么困难,都要执行计划直到你成功。ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习123考点延伸阅读下列句子,体会与carry相关短语的搭配及含义①It’sadifficultjob,butshe’sthepersontocarryitthrough.这是一项艰巨的工作,但她是能够顺利完成的那个人。搭配carrythrough含义成功完成;顺利实现②Ifyoucarryoninthatway,you’llendupinfailure.如果你仍然那样下去的话,你就会以失败而告终。搭配carryon含义继续;继续进行③Hecarriedoffmostoftheprizes.他赢得了大多数的奖项。搭配carryoff含义赢得,获得ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习123Oncetheydecidetocarryoutthepolicy,theywillcarryitthroughwhateverdifficultytheywillmeet.一旦他们决定执行这个政策,无论遇到什么困难他们都将贯彻到底。carryout实施,实现carrythrough成功完成;顺利实现carryon继续,继续进行carryoff赢得,获得;成功地对付ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习123ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习1232.Grammar1复习被动语态一、被动语态的概念语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态;主语是动作的承受者为被动语态。只有及物动词才有被动语态。二、通常在下列情况下使用被动语态:1.不知道或不必说出动作的执行者。Paperismadefromwood.纸是由木材制造而成的。ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习1232.强调动作的承受者。Ifyoubreaktheschoolrules,youwillbepunished.如果你违反校规,你将受到惩罚。3.动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物。Thewoodenbridgewaswashedawaybytheflood.那座木桥被洪水冲走了。4.有时,由于修辞的需要,表示委婉或礼貌,在科技文献、新闻报道中也可以使用被动语态。Itisbelievedthatthepoliticalsituationiscritical.一般认为政治情况很危急。ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习123三、被动语态的用法★考点被动语态的构成:助动词be+过去分词Aliarisnotbelievedwhenhetellsthetruth.一个说谎者说真话时也没人相信了。考点延伸(一)各种时态的被动语态一般现在时is/am/aredone一般过去时was/weredone现在进行时is/am/arebeingdone过去进行时was/werebeingdone现在完成时has/havebeendone过去完成时hadbeendoneZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习123一般将来时will/shallbedoneis/am/aregoingtobedoneis/am/are(about)tobedone过去将来时would/shouldbedonewas/weregoingtobedonewas/were(about)tobedone含有情态动词的can/must/maybedoneZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习123语法填空,并将下列句子译成中文①Theclassroom(clean)bythestudentseveryday.翻译:答案：iscleaned;学生们每天都打扫教室。②Aspeech(give)thisafternoon.翻译:答案：willbegiven;今天下午将有一个演讲。③Englishlessons(broadcast)ontheradio.翻译:答案：arebeingbroadcast;收音机里正在播英语课程。ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习123④Theroom(clean)already.翻译:答案：hasbeencleaned;房间已经被打扫了。⑤Yourhomework(hand)intoday.翻译:答案：mustbehanded;你必须今天把家庭作业交上。ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习123(二)主动语态变被动语态时的注意事项将下列句子变成被动语态1.带双宾语的句子变被动语态时,直接宾语和间接宾语都可作被动语态的主语。⑥我朋友在我生日时送我一本有趣的书。Myfriendgavemeaninterestingbookonmybirthday.→Aninterestingbook.→I.答案：wasgiventome(bymyfriend)onmybirthdaywasgivenaninterestingbook(bymyfriend)onmybirthdayZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习1232.动词hear,listento,make,have,let,see,notice,watch,observe等跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,变被动语态时,宾语补足语变成了主语补足语,要恢复不定式符号to;而动词-ing作宾语补足语,不变。⑦有人看见他正闯入办公室。Someonesawhimbreakingintotheoffice.→答案：Hewasseenbreakingintotheoffice.ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习1233.谓语为短语动词变被动语态时,不要漏掉短语动词的介词或副词。⑧为保持苗条,你应该重视合理的饮食和锻炼。Tokeepslim,youshouldpayattentiontoproperdietsandexercise.→Tokeepslim,properdietsandexercise.答案：shouldbepaidattentiontoZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习1234.复合句变被动语态,主句和从句都变。⑨如果你给我演示一下如何操作,我能把工作做得更好。Ifyoushowmehowtooperateit,Icandotheworkbetter.→IfIhowtooperateit,theworkbetter.答案：amshown;canbedoneZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习123(三)动词的主动形式表示被动之意语法填空,并将下列句子译成中文1.某些连系动词,如:look,feel,smell,sound,prove,taste,turnout等。⑩Theflower(smell)sweet.翻译:答案：smells;这花闻起来很香。2.表示开始、结束和开合意义的一类动词,如:start,begin,end,stop,finish,open,close,lock,shut等。11.Theschoollibrary(open)at7:00inthemorningandclosesat10:00intheevening.翻译:答案：opens;学校图书馆早晨七点开门,晚上十点关门。ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习1233.表示主语状态和特征的某些动词,用主动形式表被动。常见此类动词有:read,write,sell,keep,show,clean,cut,cook,wash,wear,move,drive,operate等,常和副词well,easily,smoothly等连用。12.Thepenwell.翻译:答案：writes;这支钢笔书写流畅。4.在need,require,want,worth(形容词),deserve后跟动词-ing,用主动形式表被动。13.Thedoorneeds(repair).=Thedoorneedsto.翻译:答案：repairing;berepaired;这扇门需要修理。ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习1235.由blame,let(出租),remain,keep,rent,build构成的不定式作表语,用主动形式表被动。14.Thefatherwas(blame)forthespoiledboy.翻译:答案：toblame;这位父亲应对宠坏的男孩负责。6.不定式跟在形容词(difficult,hard,fit,easy,impossible,dangerous等)后作状语,主动形式表被动。15.Themathproblemisverydifficult(work)out.翻译:答案：towork;这道数学题很难解出。ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学习123ZINZHIDAOXUE自主预习HAYIJIEHUO合作学