（长沙专版）2020中考英语复习方案 第三篇 重难题型方法解读 题型（03）语篇补全课件

题型（三）语篇补全语篇补全的考查特点是,给出一篇240词左右的短文,其中有4处空白,文章后面有5段文字,要求考生根据文章的内容选择4段文字,将其放回文章原有位置,以恢复文章原貌。这种题型重在考查考生把握文章结构、掌握作者思路的能力。这是一种较高层次的阅读理解题,要求考生能够从宏观的角度把握文章的内容和结构,要想做好这类题,必须从语篇的角度,理清文章的脉络,理解文章的意思。题型点拨语篇补全分五步,①先预测,抓主干;②选项意思猜一猜;③注意连代名形副;④段首为中心,段尾为总括,段中是细节;⑤先易后难复原貌,浅斟细酌且从容。解题技巧1.看结构:小标题,短小精悍,结构一致AThinkahead.Makeyourtimeworthit.Thismaysurpriseyou,butoneofthebesttoolsformakingcookingworthyourtimeisexperimentation.Itgivesyouthechancetohituponnewideasandrecipesthatcanworkwellwithyourappetiteandschedule.解题指导Themoreyoulearnandthemoreyoutry,themoreabilityyouhavetotakecontrolofyourfoodandyourschedule.Hopefullythatgivesyouagoodstart.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden,anddon'tletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrommakingsomegreatchangesinthewayyoueatandlive!A.Trynewthings.B.Abilityiseasilyimproved.C.Makethreeorfourinstead.D.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.E.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.[解析]从结构上看,A、C相似,但阐述中有Thismaysurpriseyou…Itgivesyouthechancetohituponnewideas…故选择A。2.段首——概括文段,与小标题相呼应。BThe“food”thatbacteriaeatisalsowhatweeat.Thismeansthatbacteriaarecompetingagainsthumansforthesameresources.A.Bioplasticisnowbeingusedinmanydifferentways.B.Butbioplasticisgoodfortheenvironment.C.There'saproblemwithbioplastic,however.…[解析]从文末句…againsthumansforthesameresources.可看出总括句应与环境有关,故选择B。3.段中——承上启下CHowfastcanahomeremodeling(改造)projectbecompleted?Atleast,that'sthetimerequirementofthepopularTVshowcalledTradingSpaces(《交换空间》).A.About48hours.B.Wow!That'sgreat!C.Butyoudidn'tseethatontheshow.D.Theylovedredecoratingtheirneighbor'splace.E.Itsometimestakesmuchmoneytoremodelahome.[解析]选项前一句中有Howfast,后一句中有that'sthetime…故选择A。4.段尾——总结,承上启下DIvisitpatientsatalocalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.Italkandsingforthem.Iguessthatwhat'sreallyfulfilling(令人满意的)tome,whenIsingtosomeonewhoisdying,andsomeonewhoisreallysickandwhodoesn'tevenknowwhat'shappening.A.Loveisachainofgiving.B.ButnowIamsingingforpeopleinneed.C.Ivisitpeopleintheoldpeople'shome.D.MoneyfrommyfirstbookwenttoaschoolfordeafkidsinMontana.E.IfeelproudwhenIseeasmileonthatperson'sface.[解析]本题为段尾句,对上一段文章进行总结,…Iguessthatwhat'sreallyfulfillingtome…,可知选择E。5.关键词(同词重复,同构复现,相同句型结构,相同词不同结构)EBeforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehandshakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft.…A.Itcouldbeasimilartasteinclothesoracommonhobby.B.You'llbeinserioustroubleifyouleavethemwithabadimpression.C.However,don'thaveyourlefthandinyourpocketbecausethisappearsimpolite.[解析]从句中的left,right可知,这属于同词重复,故选择C。6.逻辑关系FHowever,therealmoviecapitalisMumbai(孟买),inIndia.A.Sometimestheyevenwritethescriptbyhand.B.MostpeoplethinkthecapitalofthemovieisHollywood,intheUSA.[解析]从后句中的However,可知前后两句存在转折关系,故选择B。GThisisbecausesomepeoplehavecertainqualities,whichothersdonot.A.Somepeoplesucceed,whileothersmaynot.B.Asthefamoussayinggoes,“Nopains,nogains.”[解析]从Thisisbecause…可看出,前面讲的是果,后面是因,故选A。【常见的逻辑关系词小结】并列:also,too,then,and,aswellas,notonly…butalso…,first,second,firstly,next,foronething,foranotherthing…,either…or,neither…nor…因果:for,because,becauseof,since,as,therefore,thus,asaresult,consequently,so…转折:however,still,though,yet,inspiteof,inanycase,onthecontrary,otherwise,but,while….解释:infact,actually,forexample,inotherwords,asamatteroffact,thatistosay….递进:further,furthermore,moreover,what'smore,besides,inaddition…【Passage1】FromtheOtherSideLaraandTaraaretwins.1.,buttheyareverydifferentineverythingelse.Forexample,hotfoodisLara'sfavorite,andTarahasasweetchoice.However,thisisn'ttheproblemwiththetwingirls.Theyalwaysarguedthattheoppositeonewaswrong.2.,whileTarainsistedthatmorningswerefreshanditwasdifficulttostayuptillmidnight.典例分析3..Toputanendtotheirfights,theirparentsdecidedtocreateasmalldrama.Theywantedthegirlstounderstandthattheywerebothcorrectfromtheirownpointofview.Theirparentscoveredthegirls'eyeswithblackribbona,andbroughtthemtothediningroom.4..LarawasaskedtostandononesideoftheboardandTaraontheother.Theycouldn'tseetheothersideofit.Whentheribbonsweretakenaway,theyweresurprisedtoseeahugeboardbetweenthem.Now,theirfatheraskedLara,“What'sthecoloroftheboard?”Shereplied,“It'sblack!”5..Shereplied,“It'swhite!”Thetwogirlsbegantoargueagain.WhileLarawasconfidentitwasblack,Tarawassureitwaswhite.Then,theywereaskedtoexchange(交换)theirplaces.Theycouldn'tbelievetheireyes.Tara,whoinsisteditwasawhiteboard,sawablackone.Similarly,Lara,whoarguedtheboardwasblack,wasshockedtoseeawhiteone.Theyunderstoodthateachofthemwasrightinherownview.MostofusarelikeLaraandTara.Wearerightmosttimes,butinsistthatothersarewrong!A.TheylooklikeeachotherB.Foryears,theirargumentscontinuedC.TheirmotheraskedTarathesamequestionD.Intheroom,abigboardwasplacedinthemiddleE.Larathoughtitwasterribletogetupearlyinthemorning[解析]1.B逻辑关系。观察设空后是逗号,且后面连词but,即逻辑关系表转折,意思前后相反。后面说他们“不同”那么前面就是他们“相同”。故选A。2.E逻辑关系。观察设空后面是逗号,逗号后面是连词while,此处while表转折,前后相反,后面说Tara的观点。前面就是Lara的观点。选项E“Lavathought.…”与逻辑相符,故选E。3.B段首法。段首一般是概括文段,与小标题呼应。观察设空位置在段首,了解空后一句即可。通过后面一句话,为了结束他们的争吵父母进行了一个举措。所以前面是他们进行了多年的争吵。选项B“Foryears,theirargumentscontinued”与后一句目的一致,故选B。4.