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一些溶剂的介电常数物质介电常数物质介电常数物质介电常数水81氨17(25℃)苯甲腈265甲酸58.5(16℃)戊醇16.0乙醇25.8甘油56.2苯甲醇13.0氯乙醇25.8糠醛41.9吡啶12.5乙酰丙酮23乙二醇41.2喹啉9.0(25℃)丙醇22.2硝基甲烷39.4乙酸甲酯7.3丙酮21.45乙腈38.8苯胺7.2氯乙酸20~21硝基苯36.4乙酸乙酯6.4乙酐20.5甲醇33.7乙胺6.2苯乙酮18.3丙腈27.7溴苯5.4苯甲醛18.0邻硝基甲苯27.4氯仿5.1丁酮18环己烷1.18无水乙醚4.47正庚烷1.92编号英文名中文名介电常数Et(25℃,极性)1water水78.563.12formicacid甲酸57.93formamide甲酰胺109.556.64ethyleneglycol乙二醇37.756.35methanol甲醇32.655.56n-methylformamideN-甲基酰胺182.454.17C2H5OH/H2O(80/20)乙醇/水53.68Methylcellosolve甲基纤维素15.9552.39ethanol乙醇24.351.910aceticacid乙酸6.1951.911benzylalcohol苯甲醇13.650.8121-propanol1-丙醇19.750.7131-butanol1-丁醇17.750.2142-propanol2-丙醇18.348.6154-methylbutanol-14-甲基-1-丁醇15.24716propylenecarbonate丙烯酸65.146.617nitromethane硝基甲烷38.646.318acetonitrile乙晴37.54619dimethylsulfoxide二甲亚砜48.94520anilline苯胺6.9844.321sulfolane四氢噻吩砜444422t-butanol丁醇12.243.923dimethylformamide二甲酰胺36.7143.824acetone丙酮20.542.225nitrobenzene硝基苯34.64226cyanobenzene苯氰25.24227dichloroethane二氯乙烷10.3741.928acetophenone乙酰苯17.441.329dichloromethane二氯甲烷8.941.130tetramethylurea四甲基尿素23.14131pyridine吡啶12.340.232quinoline喹啉9.2239.433chloroform氯仿4.739.134a-picoline甲基吡啶9.9438.3351,2-dimethoxyethane1,2-甲氧基乙烷3.5-6.838.236ethylacetate乙酸乙酯6.0338.137fluorobenze氟苯5.42bromombenzene溴苯5.3937.538o-dichlorobenzene二氯苯3.0339chlorobenzene氯苯5.6137.540tetrahydrofuran四氢呋喃7.3937.441anisole甲氧基苯4.337.2422,6-lutidine二甲基吡啶7.2336.7431,4-dioxane杂环己烷2.213644diphenylether苯酚醚3.6835.345ditheylether乙醚4.2234.646benzene苯2.2734.547toluene甲苯2.3833.948carbondisulfide二硫化碳2.6432.649carbontetrachloride四氯化碳2.2332.550triethylamine三乙胺2.4451n-hexane正己烷1.930.952i-octane异辛烷1.94介电常数(Dielectricconstants)表1列出常见气体在20℃,101325Pa条件下的介电常识(ε)。数据中的有效数字表示测试精度,其中Ar,H2,He,N2,O2,CO2等被推荐为参比数据,其精度为百万分之一或更高。1气体的介电常数(Dielectricconstantsofgases)表1气体的介电常数Table1Dielectricconstantsofgases化学式Chemicalformula名称Denominationε(不含碳物质)空气(干基,无CO2)1.0005364Ar氩1.0005172BF3三氟化硼1.0011HBr溴化氢1.00279HCl氯化氢1.00390HI碘化氢1.00214H2氢1.0002538H2S硫化氢1.00344He氦1.0000650Kr氪1.00078NF3三氟化氮1.0013NH3氨1.00622NO一氧化氮1.00060N2氮1.0005480N2O一氧化二氮1.00104Ne氖1.00013O2氧1.0004947O3臭氧1.0017SF6六氟化硫1.00200SO2二氧化硫1.00825XE氙1.00126(含碳物质)CF4四氟甲烷1.00121CO一氧化碳1.00262CO2二氧化碳1.000922CH3Br溴代甲烷1.01028CH3Cl氯代甲烷1.01080CH3F氟代甲烷1.00973CH3I碘代甲烷1.00914CH4甲烷1.00081C2H2乙炔1.00124C2H3Cl氯乙烯1.0075C2H4乙烯1.00134C2H5Cl氯乙烷1.01325C2H6乙烷1.00140C2H6O甲醚1.0062C3H6丙烯1.00228C3H6环丙烷1.00178C3H6丙烷1.00200C4H10丁烷1.00258C4H10异丁烷1.002602饱和水蒸气的介电常数(Dielectricconstantsofsaturatedwatervapor)表2给出不同温度下的液态水成平衡的水蒸气的介电常数。表2饱和水蒸气的介电常数Table2Dielectricconstantsofsaturatedwatervaport(℃)ε01.00007101.00012201.00022301.00037401.00060501.00095601.00144701.00213801.00305901.004281001.005873液体的介电常数(Dielectricconstantsofliquid)表3给出常见液体在指定温度下的介电常数(ε),测试压力为101325Pa。加*表示测试压力为液体的饱和蒸气压(该温度下其饱和蒸气压大于101325Pa)。表3液体的介电常数Table3Dielectricconstantsofliquid化学式Chemicalformula名称Denominationt(℃)εAlBr3三溴化铝1003.38Ar氩-18515.18AsBr3三溴化砷359.0AsCl3三氯化砷2012.6AsH3胂-1002.50AsI3三碘化砷1507BBr3三碘花硼02.58B2H6乙硼烷-921.87B5H9戊硼烷2521.1BrNO亚硝酰溴1513.4Br2溴203.09ClNO亚硝酰氯12*18.2Cl2氯-502.101Cl2OS亚硫酰二氯209.25Cl2O2S磺酰氯2210.0Cl3OP磷酰氯2213.3CrO2Cl2铬酰氯202.6F2氟-2021.54GeCl4四氯化锗252.43HBr溴化氢-877.00HCl氯化氢-11412HF氟化氢-73175HI碘化氢-503.39H2氢-2531.231H2O水2578.38H2O2过氧化氢084.2H2S硫化氢-859.26H3P膦-25*2.71H3Sb锑化三氢-502.58He氦-2691.408I2碘11811.1NH3氨-7725N2氮-1951.433N2H4肼2052.9N2O一氧化二氮01.61化学式Chemicalformula名称Denominationt(℃)εN2O4四氧化二氮152.56O2氧-1831.483P磷474.00PBr3三溴化磷203.9PCl3三氯化磷253.43PCl5五氯化磷1602.85PI3三碘化磷654.1PSCl3硫代氯化磷225.8PbCl4四氯化铅202.78S硫1183.52SO2二氧化硫18*3.11S2Cl2氯化硫154.79SbBR3三溴化锑10020.9SbI3三碘化锑17513.9Se硒2505.40SiCl4四氯化硅162.40SnCl4四氯化锡202.87TiCl4四氯化钛202.80VCl4四氯化钒253.05VOCl3三氯氧化钒253.4CCl2O碳酰氯22*4.34CCl3F氟三氯甲烷-782.3CCl4四氯化碳252.228CN4O8四硝基甲烷252.52CS2二硫化碳202.641CHBr3三溴甲烷204.39CHCl3三氯甲烷204.806CHN氰化氢20114.9CH2Br2二溴甲烷107.77CH2Cl2二氯甲烷209.08CH2I2二碘甲烷255.32CH2O2甲酸1658.5CH3Br溴甲烷09.82CH3Cl氯甲烷-20*12.6CH3I碘甲烷207.00化学式Chemicalformula名称Denominationt(℃)εCH3NO甲酰胺20109CH3NO2硝基甲烷3035.87CH3NO3硝酸甲酯1823.5CH4甲烷-1611.675CH4O甲醇2532.66CH5N甲胺25*9.4C2Cl3F31,1,2-三氯三氟乙烷252.41C2Cl4四氯乙烯252.30C2N2氰23*2.52C2HCl3三氯乙烯163.42C2HCl3O三氯乙醛204.94C2HCl3O2三氯乙酸604.6C2HCl5五氯乙烷203.73C2HF3O2三氟乙酸2039.5C2H2Br2顺-1,2-二溴乙烯257.08C2H2Br2反-1,2-二溴乙烯252.88C2H2Br41,1,2,2-四溴乙烷227.0C2H2Cl21,1-二氯乙烯164.67C2H2Cl2顺-1,2-二氯乙烯259.20C2H2C2反-1,2-二氯乙烯252.14C2H2Cl41,1,1,2-四氯乙烷208.20C2H3BrO乙酰溴2016.2C2H3ClO乙酰氯2215.8C2H3ClO2氯乙酸6112.3C2H3Cl31,1,1-三氯乙烷207.52C2H3N乙腈2037.5C2H4Br21,2-二溴乙烷254.78C2H4Cl21,1-二氯乙烷1810.0C2H4Cl21,2-二氯乙烷2510.37C2H4O乙醛2021.1C2H4O环氧乙烷-113.9C2H4O2乙酸206.15C2H4O2甲酸甲酯208.5C2H5Br溴乙烷209.39C2H5CI氯乙烷012.25化学式Chemicalformula名称Denominationt(℃)εC2H5CIO2-氯乙烷2525.8C2H5I碘乙烷207.82C2H5NO乙酰胺8359C2H5NON-甲基甲酰胺233.0C2H5NO2硝基乙烷3028.06C2H6乙烷20*1.44C2H6O二甲基醚25*5.02C2H6O乙醇2524.3C2H6O2乙二醇2537.7C2H6S甲硫醚206.2C2H6S乙硫醚156.91C2H7N二甲胺25*5.26C2H7N乙胺106.94C2H8N21,2-乙二胺2014.2C3H5Br3-溴丙烯197.0C3H5Cl3-氯丙烯208.2C3H5ClO表氯醇2222.6C3H5ClO2氯乙酸甲酯2112.9C3H5Cl31,2,3-三氯丙烷207.5C3H5N丙腈2027.2C3H5N3O9三硝基甘油2019.3C3H6丙烯20*1.87C3H6Br21,2-二溴丙烷204.3C3H6Cl21,2-二氯丙烷268.93C3H6O丙酮2520.70C3H6O烯丙醇1521.6C3H6O丙醛1718.5C3H6O2甲酸乙酯257.16C3H6O2乙酸甲脂256.68C3H6O2丙酸403.30C3H6O3乳酸1822C3H7Br1-溴丙烷258.09C3H7Br2-溴丙烷259.46C3H7Cl1-氯丙烷207.7C3H7I1-碘丙烷207
本文标题:介电常数
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