2020年高中英语 Unit 3 Computers Section Ⅰ Warming Up &

Unit3Computers[话题导读]你肯定经常接触到这三个字母，它代表什么，是什么意思，你了解吗？下面就让我们一起来看看吧！IfyouwatchTV,visitthemall,ordoanythingatall,you'llhavechancestoseethethreefamousletters,!Sowhatdoesitstandfor?Whatdoesitallmean?Well,ingeneral,“WorldWideWeb”.MostpeopleconfusetheInternetwiththeWorldWideWeb.However,thereisadifference.TheInternetismadeupofthousandsofcomputersthatareconnectedworldwide.，suchasInternetExplorerorNetscape(网景浏览器)toletyouseeandhearallthecoolpictures,information,musicandsoundsontheInternet.TherearethreethingsyouneedtosurftheWorldWideWeb.First,youmusthaveacomputerthathasamodem.Amodemislikeatelephone,whichallowsyourcomputertodialandconnecttotheInternet.Second,yourcomputermusthaveabrowser!AnexampleofabrowserwouldbeInternetExplorerorNetscape.ThebrowserallowsyoutoseetheinformationandgraphicsontheInternet.Third,youmusthaveanInternetServiceProvider.ThisisknownasanISP(网络服务提供商).ThemostcommonlyusedISPsarecompanieslikeAOL,Earthlink(地球连线),Compuserve(计算机服务).InordertoconnecttotheInternet,youhavetopayfortheservice.JustlikeifyouhavecableTV,yourparentshavetopayforit.InordertoconnecttotheInternetyouhavetopay.Usually,thiswillcostyou$19．95amonth.SectionⅠWarmingUp&Prereading&Reading—Comprehending练读文记词汇学翻译1教材助读[先读通]WHOAMI？OvertimeIhavebeenchangedquitealot①.Ibeganasacalculating②machineinFrancein1642．AlthoughIwasyoungIcouldsimplify③difficultsums④.IdevelopedveryslowlyandittooknearlytwohundredyearsbeforeIwasbuiltasananalyticalmachinebyCharlesBabbage⑤.AfterIwasprogrammed⑥byanoperator⑦whousedcardswithholes,Icould“think”logically⑧andproduceananswerquickerthananyperson.Atthattimeitwasconsideredatechnological⑨revolution⑩andthestartofmy“artificial⑪intelligence⑫”．In1936myrealfather,AlanTuring,wroteabookabouthowIcouldbemadetoworkasa“universalmachine”tosolveanydifficultmathematicalproblem⑬.Fromthenon⑭，Igrewrapidlybothinsizeandinbrainpower.Bythe1940sIhadgrownaslargeasaroom⑮，andIwonderedifIwouldgrowany⑯larger.However,thisreality⑰alsoworriedmydesigners.Astimewentby⑱，Iwasmadesmaller.FirstasaPC(personal⑲computer)andthenasalaptop,Ihavebeenusedinofficesandhomessincethe1970s.Thesechangesonlybecamepossibleasmymemoryimproved.Firstitwasstoredintubes⑳，thenontransistors○21andlateronverysmallchips.Asaresult○22Itotally○23changedmyshape.AsIhavegrownolderIhavealsogrownsmaller.Overtimemymemoryhasdevelopedsomuchthat，likeanelephant，IneverforgetanythingIhavebeentold○24！AndmymemorybecamesolargethatevenIcouldn'tbelieveit！ButIwasalwayssolonelystandingtherebymyself，untilintheearly1960stheygavemeafamilyconnectedbyanetwork○25.IwasabletosharemyknowledgewithothersthroughtheWorldWideWeb○26.Sincethe1970smanynewapplications○27havebeenfoundforme.Ihavebecomeveryimportantincommunication,finance○28andtrade.Ihavealsobeenputintorobotsandusedtomakemobile○29phonesaswellas○30helpwithmedicaloperations.Ihaveevenbeenputintospacerockets○31andsenttoexplore○32theMoonandMars.Anyhow○33，mygoal○34istoprovidehumanswithalifeofhighquality○35.Iamnowtrulyfilledwithhappiness○36thatIamadevotedfriend○37andhelperofthehumanrace○38！[再记住]①overtime经过漫长的时间；随着时间的推移，在句中作状语，句子用现在完成时。②calculate/'kælkjʊleΙt/vt.计算calculator/'kælkjʊleΙtə/n.[C]计算器calculationn．[U]计算③simplify/'sΙmplΙfaΙ/vt.简化④sum/sʌm/n.总数；算术题；金额asumofmoney一笔钱⑤此句使用了固定句式：Ittakes＋时间段＋before...“过了多久才……”。⑥programv．编写程序n．(计算机)程序programmer/'prəʊɡræmə/n.程序员；程序师⑦operator/'ɒpəreΙtə/n.(电脑)操作员；接线员⑧logically/'lɒdʒΙklΙ/adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地logical/'lɒdʒΙkl/adj.合逻辑的；合情理的⑨technological/'teknə'lɒdʒΙkl/adj.科技的technology/tek'nɒlədʒΙ/n.工艺；科技；技术⑩revolution/'revə'luːʃn/n.革命technologicalrevolution技术革命⑪artificial/'ɑːtΙ'fΙʃl/adj.人造的；假的⑫intelligence/In'telΙdʒəns/n.智力；聪明；智能artificialintelligence人工智能⑬solve/sɒlv/vt.解决；解答mathematical/'mæθə'mætΙkl/adj.数学的how引导宾语从句；tosolve...为不定式短语作目的状语。⑭from...on从……时起⑮“by＋过去时间”作状语，句子通常用过去完成时。⑯any为程度副词，修饰比较级。⑰reality/rΙ'ælətΙ/n.真实；事实；现实inreality事实上；实际上⑱as引导时间状语从句。⑲personal/'pɜːsənl/adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的personally/'pɜːsənəlΙ/adv.就个人而言；亲自⑳tube/tjuːb/n.管；管子；电子管○21transistor/træn'zΙstə/n.晶体管○22asaresult结果○23totally/'təʊtlΙ/adv.完全地；整个地total/'təʊtl/adj.总的；整个的n.总数；合计○24so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句；likeanelephant作方式状语；Ihavebeentold为anything的定语从句。○25network/'netwɜːk/n.网络；网状物standingthere...为现在分词短语作伴随状语；until引导时间状语从句；connectedby...为过去分词短语作定语。○26web/web/n.网○27application/'æplΙ'keΙʃn/n.应用；用途；申请○28finance/'faΙnæns/n.金融；财经，financialadj.金融的；财经的○29mobile/'məʊbaΙl/adj.可移动的；机动的○30aswellas也；又(连接并列结构)○31rocket/'rɒkΙt/n.火箭○32explore/Ιk'splɔː/vt.&vi.探索；探测；探究○33anyhow/'enΙhaʊ/adv.(也作anyway)无论如何；即使如此○34goal/ɡəʊl/n.目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分○35动词不定式短语在句中作表语。○36happiness/'hæpΙnΙs/n.幸福；快乐○37adevotedfriend一个忠实的朋友○38humanrace人类[再翻译]我是谁？经过一段时间我已经被改变了很多。1642年我在法国诞生时是一台计算机器。尽管当时我很年轻，但是我能简化一些复杂的数学题。我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。在操作员用穿孔卡为我设计程序后，我能够进行逻辑“思考”，并且能够比任何人更快地算出答案。那时这被当作一次技术革命，也是我“人工智能”的开始。在1936年，我真正的父亲艾伦·图灵写了一本书，讲述了怎样使我成为一台“通用机器”来解决任何数学难题。从那时起，我在体积和脑容量方面迅速成长。到20世纪40年代，我已经长得像一间屋子那么大，我不知道是否还会长得更大。但是，这个现实也使得我的设计者很担心。随着时间的推移，我被做得更小了。自20世纪70年代以来，我一直被用在办公室和家庭里，先是用作个人电脑，后来又做成便携式电脑。这些变化只有随着