对外语学习策略有效性研究的质疑

对外语学习策略有效性研究的质疑文秋芳1王立非2:本文评述国内外二语学习策略有效性的研究成果,对好差生的策略存在差异学习策略对成绩有预测力和策略培训有效三个结论提出质疑,并提出研究策略有效性的方法:学习策略;有效性;第二语言习得Abstract:ThispaperdescribestheforeignandChinesestudiesontheeffectivenessofL2learningstrategies.Onthatbasis,itattemptstochallengetheassertionsthatgoodandbadL2learnersdifferinstrategyuse,learningstrategiespredictlearningoutcomesandstrategytrainingfacilitatesL2learning.Finally,itproposessomeusefulwaysofstudyingtheeffectivenessofL2learningstrategies.Keywords:learningstrategies;effectiveness;secondlanguageacquisition:H319:B:1004-5112(2004)02-0002-0730,,,,:(1);(2);(3),1.1.1高分者与低分者的比较研究80,,,,,,,HuangVanNaersson(1987)2020,,,,,,(1996b)1081236(/,,/,/)(1998)21170,,(1997)286()6(),(220042(100)),,(1997),(1995),,;,,,,;,;,(1994,1996b),,:,,,,,Ellis(1994),,:,,,(),,,,,,,,,:,,,1.2策略的使用与二语成绩的关系80,,,1.2.1Bialystok(1981),(functionalpractice)(inferencing);(formalpracticing)(monitoring),,(1993)242(Bialystok)1996,(,1996a)Bialystok(1981),3ForeignLanguageWorldNo.22004(GeneralSerialNo.100),,PolitzerMcGroarty(1985)378,,(),,,,1.2.2HuangVanNaersson(1987)60,,Bialystok,(1992)11,:,,(2002)178,525%(1994):(1)7;(2)22%(2000)16,,GuJohnson(1996)20%,(1998)10056%(1998),(+)(2001),30%,,,,,(),1.3策略培训效果的测量,(2001),20,:,,(2003)34,32,3,12;420042(100),1,4,,(2002)109,4,12,34,30,20,;,(2002)3120,,11,10,3,60;,60,,60,,,,2.:,,:,,,?2.1对高分者与低分者在策略上差异的质疑,;,,,,,2.2对预测力的质疑:,:,,,,5ForeignLanguageWorldNo.22004(GeneralSerialNo.100),,,,,,,,,,,,,2.3对策略训练效果的质疑,,,::,,,,,,(Cohen1998;1996a),,,,,,,,3.::,,,,,,,,,;,,,,(Skehan1998),,,,,,ChenSiQing(1990)12,24(destiny,confidence)(monkey,peacock),12220,,,,620042(100)4.,,:,,,?,,(2003)(microgeneticmethod)20,5,5,,,,,[1]BialystokE.Someevidencefortheintegrityandinteractionoftwoknowledgesources[A].InRAndersen(Ed.),NewDimensionsinSecondLanguageAcquisitionResearch[C].Rowley,Mass.:NewburyHouse,1981.[2]ChenSQ.AstudyofcommunicationstrategiesininterlanguageproductionbyChineseEFLlearners[J].LanguageLearning,1990,40(2):155-187.[3]CohenA.StrategiesinLearningandUsingaSecondLanguage[M].London:Longman,1998.[4]EllisR.TheStudyofSecondLanguageAcquisition[M].Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,1994.[5]GuY&JohnsonRK.Vocabularylearningstrategiesandlanguagelearningoutcomes[J].LanguageLearning,1996,46(4):643-679.[6]HuangX&VanNaerssenM.Learningstrategiesfororalcommunication[J].AppliedLinguistics,1987,8(3):287-307.[7]PolitzerRL&McGroartyM.Anexploratorystudyoflearningbehaviorsandtheirrelationshiptogainsinlinguisticandcommunicativecompetence[J].TESOLQuarterly,1985,19:103-123.[8]SkehanP.ACognitiveApproachtoLanguageLearning[M].Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,1998.[9]WenQF.AdvancedlevelEnglishlearninginChina:Therelationshipofmodifiablelearnervariablestolearningoutcomes.UnpublishedPhDthesis,UniversityofHongKong,HongKong,1993.[10].[J].,1994,(1).[11],.[J].,2002,(3).[12].[J].,2001,(3).[13].[J].,1997,(2).[14].[J].,1998,(1).(28)7ForeignLanguageWorldNo.22004(GeneralSerialNo.100),[1]HallidayMAK,McIntoshAandStrevensP.TheLinguisticSciencesandLanguageTeaching[M].London:Longman,1964.[2]HutchinsonTandWaterA.EnglishforSpecificPurposes[M].CambridgeUniversityPress,1987.[3]RobinsonP.ESPToday[M].Oxford:Pergamon,1991.[4]StrevensP.ESPaftertwentyyears:areappraisal[A],InTichooM.(ed.)ESP:StateoftheArt[C].Singapore:SEAMEORegionalLanguageCentre,1988.[5]WilkinsP.NotionalSyllabus[M].OxfordUniversityPress,1976.[6].[M].,2002.[7].[J].,2002,(6).[8].ESP[J].,1995,(3).[9].[J].,1992,(1).[10].21[J].,1996,(2).[11],.ESP[J].,1994,(2).[12].,[J].,1994,(2).[13].[J].,2003,(4).[14].[J].,2002,(8).:,200433(7)[15].[J].,2003,(1).[16].[J].,2002,(6).[17],.[A]..[C].:,1992.[18].[J].,1998,(1).[19].[J].,2002,(5).[20].[A]..[C].:,1994.[21].[J].,1995,(3).[22].[M].:,1996.[23].[J].,1996,(1).[24].[J].,2003,(3).[25],.[J].,1996,(4).[26],.[J].,1998,(2).[27].[J].,2001,(6).[28].[J].,2000,(3).:1.,2100932.,2100392820042(100)