您好,欢迎访问三七文档
专题一语法运用第三节核心考点讲练通重难增分五特殊句式和主谓一致特殊句式在高考语法填空和短文改错中考查得较少,但是作为语法中的一个重点和难点,我们应在备考中给予足够的重视。特殊句式的重要性主要体现在书面表达之中,它们基本上都是高级句式,它们的恰当应用对于提升文章的档次起着举足轻重的作用。在英语中,句子谓语动词的形式应与句子的主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致主要分为语法一致、意义一致以及就近、就远一致三种。近年来高考对主谓一致的考查主要集中在语法一致和意义一致上,并且常常将主谓一致与动词的时态和语态结合起来进行综合考查。语法填空中的特殊句式和主谓一致[高考这样考]1.(2019·高考江苏卷改编)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers____________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.2.(2018·高考天津卷改编)Itwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse____________wesawLilyinthepassengerseat.3.(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Fastfood____________(be)fulloffatandsalt;byeatingmorefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.4.(2016·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow____________(be)oftenacceptable.5.(2016·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Itcouldbeanything—gardening,cooking,music,sports—butwhateveritis,____________(make)sureit'sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.[题目这么解]1.牢记句型,攻克强调句;(如题2)2.识别标志词,破解倒装句;3.省略很重要,条件要记牢;4.使役很常见,动原开头现;(如题5)5.就近或就远,解决主谓一致。(如题1,题3,题4)自我诊断:1.hasgiven2.that3.is4.is5.make[类题对点练]1.Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,is_regarded(regard)asoneofthebestallroundformsofexercise.2.(2019·河北五个一联盟模拟)SeldomdidtheywatchTVthosedays;instead,theychattedwitheachotheraftersupper.3.(2019·河南郑州质量检测)Videogamescanbeapoorinfluenceifleft(leave)inthewronghands.4.(2019·山东济宁期末试卷)Followyourdoctor'sadvice,andyourillnesswillgetbetter.5.OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.6.(2019·吉林阶段检测)Thereisnoneedto_worry(worry)abouther.Sheisbeingaccompaniedbyherfriends.短文改错中的特殊句式和主谓一致[高考这样考]1.(2019·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Theyweretworeasonsforthedecision.Onewasthat...____________2.(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords,“Speedup!”“Slowdown!”“Turningleft!”____________3.(2016·高考浙江卷)Hewouldaskwhowewasandpretendnottoknowus.____________[题目这么解]1.根据句式特点辨别目标句是不是特殊句式;2.如果是特殊句式,看属于哪一类特殊句式;3.根据该特殊句式的要求做出规范改动。4.注意各特殊句式的常考点:(1)看到倒装句,要注意其谓语动词的人称和数;(2)要注意区分祈使句和非谓语动词作状语的情况(如题2);(3)句中若出现省略,要注意是否符合省略规则;(4)therebe句型不要误用作therehave或they/itbe(如题1)。5.解主谓一致题的关键是找到主语,判定单数还是复数形式,再结合时态确定答案。(如题3)自我诊断:1.They→There2.Turning→Turn3.was→were[类题对点练]1.(2019·浙江杭州阶段考试)Children,whenaccompanyingbytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.答案:Children,whenaccompanyingaccompaniedbytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.2.(2019·湖北襄阳四校联考)Justastheoldsayinggoes,“Happinessliesincontentment.”Onlyinthiswaywerelaxourselvesandachievemoreprogress.答案:Justastheoldsayinggoes,“Happinessliesincontentment.”Onlyinthisway∧can/willwerelaxourselvesandachievemoreprogress.3.(2019·福建福州八中高三质检)Therefore,itwasnodoubtthatIwasleftalone,sufferingfromlonelinessandfailure.答案:Therefore,ittherewasnodoubtthatIwasleftalone,sufferingfromlonelinessandfailure.4.(2019·四川双流中学3月检测)Itisyourvaluableguidancewhichhasenabledmetovisitthecitywithoutanytrouble.答案:Itisyourvaluableguidancewhichthathasenabledmetovisitthecitywithoutanytrouble.5.(2019·广东湛江调研)I'dliketoinviteyoutothecomingChristmasparty,whichwilltakeplaceonthesecondfloorofthedininghallasexpect.答案:I'dliketoinviteyoutothecomingChristmasparty,whichwilltakeplaceonthesecondfloorofthedininghallasexpectexpected.6.Finally,therewereasuddenpullatthepoleandafishwascaught.答案:Finally,therewerewasasuddenpullatthepoleandafishwascaught.特殊句式和主谓一致的核心知识提炼一、倒装1.牢记部分倒装的三句式(1)具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时(除否定词修饰主语外),句子一般要部分倒装。这类词或短语常见的有:never,seldom,hardly,bynomeans,innoway等。(2)当so...that...,such...that...中的so...和such...放在句首时,句子一般要部分倒装。(3)only与其修饰的状语放至句首时,主句要使用部分倒装结构。但only修饰主语、宾语时,句子不用倒装。2.全部倒装需记牢表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词,如here,there,now,then,up,down,in,away,out等置于句首,且主语是名词,谓语动词是不及物动词时,句子需用完全倒装。此时,句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。二、省略1.状语从句的省略在when,while,whenever,till,assoonas,if,unless,asif,though,as等引导的状语从句中,若谓语有be动词,且主语与主句主语相同或主语是it时,从句的主语和be动词常被同时省略。2.不定式的省略to在beafraid,glad,happy,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish等的后边时,省略时常保留to。三、强调1.强调句型的陈述句:Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who...一般疑问句:Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that/who...?特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that...?2.强调谓语动词时,要在所强调的谓语动词前加助动词do,does或did。强调句型和“Itis/was+时间+when...”的区别在于:去掉Itis...that/who后,句子结构完整的是强调句型,缺少介词的是状语从句。如:Itwasat11:00thathecameback.(强调句型)Itwas11:00whenhecameback.(时间状语从句)四、祈使句与感叹句1.祈使句表“请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告”等。基本结构为:“动词(短语)原形+连词+句子(一般用将来时)”,连词常用and,or/otherwise。2.感叹句主要包括:(1)What+a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!=How+形容词+a/an+单数名词+主语+谓语!(2)What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语!(3)How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!(4)How+主语+谓语!五、therebe结构1.Therebe/stands/lies...有……2.Thereisnopossibilitythat...……没有可能性。3.Thereisnosensedoingsth.做……没有意义。4.Thereseemstobe...看起来似乎……5.Thereisnoneedtodosth.做某事没有必要。注意:therebe句型不要误用作therehave。六、主谓一致1.主语后跟有with,togetherwith,aswellas,like,but,except,alongwith,ratherthan,including,inadditionto等引起的短语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。2.由or,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...等连接的并列主语,谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。3.由there,here引起的主语不止一个时,谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。4.“no/each/every/manya+单数名词+and+no/each/every/manya+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。5.句子,距离、时间、金钱类名词,非谓语或不定代词等作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。
本文标题:2020版高考英语二轮复习 专题一 语法运用 第三节 重难增分五 特殊句式和主谓一致课件
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-8235163 .html