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专题四语法填空第二节无提示词类(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61.________(long)thannonrunners.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong62.________(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63.________(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64.________(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65.________walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466.________showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67.________(cause).Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise...it'sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto68.________(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit'salways69.________(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70.________atry.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了跑步的益处,号召我们尝试一下这种运动方式。61.解析:考查副词的比较级。句中的than是比较级的标志,故填long的比较级longer。答案:longer62.解析:考查非谓语动词。此句意为“你不必跑得很快,也不必跑很长时间就见到效果”,不定式短语toseethebenefit作目的状语。答案:tosee63.解析:考查非谓语动词。介词of后接动词时要用其动名词形式。答案:dying64.解析:考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境知这里用一般现在时,主语it是第三人称单数形式,故谓语动词用is。答案:is65.解析:考查介词。根据句中的比较级moreeffective可知,这里是把running与walking,cycling,swimming进行比较,故填than。答案:than66.解析:考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导定语从句,修饰指物的astudy,且在从句中作主语,故填关系代词that或which。答案:that/which67.解析:考查名词复数。cause表示“原因,起因”时是可数名词,前面有all,故填cause的复数形式。答案:causes68.解析:考查词性转换之名词变动词。此处不定式短语作目的状语,故填strength的动词形式strengthen。答案:strengthen69.解析:考查词性转换之名词变形容词。连系动词is后接形容词作表语,故填energy的形容词形式energetic。答案:energetic70.解析:考查名词或代词。此处号召我们尝试一下这种运动,因此可以填名词running,也可以用it指代。givesth.atry“尝试一下某事”。答案:running/it一、常见命题形式高频考点介词0~1题。重点考查常见介词的基本用法或固定搭配中的介词,一般不涉及短语介词冠词0~1题。重点考查冠词的特指、泛指用法或固定搭配中的冠词,一般不涉及零冠词从属关联词0~2题。侧重于定语从句的引导词。此外,名词性从句、状语从句也偶有涉及低频考点并列连词0~1题。并列句的关联词也偶有涉及其他0~1题。包括助动词(如强调谓语动词的do,does,did;构成部分倒装的do,does,did;构成一般疑问句的do,does,did),构成强调结构的it或that,连接性副词(before,ago,however,anyway...)等二、命题特点根据对设空句子和前后句的结构分析和理解,确定设空处缺少什么句子成分,主要情况有下面6种:①缺主语或宾语,填代词或名词(多考代词)。②名词前面很可能是填限定词,多填冠词。③句子不缺主语、表语,动词后不缺宾语的情况下,名词、代词或动名词前面填介词。④若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词,可能是填连词。⑤若两句之间没有连词,也没有句号填连词。⑥若结构较完整,空格后的谓语动词是原形,可能填助动词。无提示词的题目采用“二定”解题法。[真题例析1](2018·全国卷Ⅰ,节选)Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64.ismoreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65.________walking,cyclingorswimming.65.解析:考查介词。句子不缺主语、表语,动名词前面填介词;根据句中的比较级moreeffective可知,这里是把running与walking,cycling及swimming进行比较,故填than。答案:than[真题例析2](2018·全国卷Ⅰ,节选)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466.________showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67.causes.66.解析:考查定语从句的关系词。空前是完整的单句结构,空后动词ed形式,分析句子结构和语义逻辑关系可知,所填词应是关系代词作主语,引导定语从句,修饰astudy,故填关系代词that或which。答案:that/which[真题例析3](2018·全国卷Ⅰ,节选)Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70.______atry.70.解析:考查名词或代词。空前是谓语动词,空后为名词,动词give后可以接双宾语;语义是号召我们尝试一下这种运动,因此可以填名词running,也可以用it指代。givesth.atry“尝试一下某事”。答案:running/itPassage1(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining61.________hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake62.________(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack63.________dogs,seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters64.________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand65.________(recommend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Forbreakfast,wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting66.________(compete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany67.________(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere68.________(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweeklongstay,we69.________(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,70.________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假在寄宿家庭的经历。61.解析:考查副词。句意:在我们去那座房子的路上,雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。故填so。答案:so62.解析:考查不定式。此处考查“ittakessb.sometimetodosth.”结构,用非谓语动词,故填toget。答案:toget63.解析:考查介词。apackof意为“一群”。答案:of64.解析:考查定语从句。先行词为masters(主人),且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。答案:who65.解析:考查一般过去时。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系,时态一致。故填recommended。答案:recommended66.解析:考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式towatch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。答案:competition67.解析:考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories,应用形容词形式,tradition的形容词为traditional,故填traditional。答案:traditional68.解析:考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词popular,应用副词形式,huge的副词为hugely,故填hugely。答案:hugely69.解析:考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“onthelastdayofourweeklongstay”可知,句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意可知我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会,所以用被动语态。主语为we,故填wereinvited。答案:wereinvited70.解析:考查分词。本句谓语动词为“wereinvited”,所以空处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的,所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题,and后meetinginterestinglocals为分词形式,故空格处填listening。答案:listeningPassage2(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'mnotsure61.________ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I'mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Une
本文标题:2020版高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 专题四 语法填空 第二节 无提示词类课件
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