2020-2021学年高中英语 Unit 3 Science and nature Section

Unit3ScienceandnatureSectionⅥLanguagepoints(Ⅲ)(Project)语言基础自测Ⅰ.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。1．Thisposes(引起)athreatto(农业)andthefoodchain，andconsequentlytohumanhealth.2．Theyown200(英亩)offarmland.3．(插入)ourfingersbetweenthelayersandpressthemapart.agricultureInsertacres4．First，theydamagethelandbykillingthehelpfulbacteriaand(害虫)aswellastheharmfulones.5．Whowasresponsibleforthedisappearanceofthe(雨林)?6．SinceImovedtoLondonlastyear，Ihavebeenworkinginanallnightfast­food．7．Thecaptainsailedhisshipthroughthenarrow.chaipestsrainforestchannel8．Besides，wearejuststudents，andwehavenoofourown.9．Twoofhistory'sworstnaturaloccurredin1970.10．Chinaisacountryrichinnatural．incomesresourcescatastrophesⅡ.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。1．n．农业→agriculturaladj.农业的2．n．赞同，支持；恩惠，帮助；偏爱，偏袒→adj.有利的，有帮助的，赞同的3．vt.使惊吓，使惊恐→frightenedadj.害怕的→frighteningadj.令人害怕的favourableagriculturefavourfrighten4．n．利润，利益vi.&vt.获益；对……有用→profitableadj.有益的，有用的；有利可图的5．permitv．许可n．许可证→n．准许，许可，批准permissionprofit[寻规律、巧记忆]n.＋­en→vt.n./v.＋­able→adj.threat→threaten威胁strength→strengthen加强length→lengthen延长believe→believable可信的break→breakable易碎的comfort→comfortable舒适的Ⅲ.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语。1．favourof赞同，支持2．pointview观点3．meetone's满足某人的需求4．afastpace以很快的速度atinofneeds5．begood对……有益6．beblamed因……而受责备7．defend...．..保护……免受……againstforforⅣ.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空。1．Chinaisrapidlydeveloping．2．Earlytobedandearlytorisehealth.3．Mostpeoplepresentaretheprojectandfewareagainstit.4．Hehisfailureinthefinalexambyhisparents.5．Theplanistotallyunpracticalfrommy．isgoodforpointofviewwasblamedforinfavourofatafastpace[寻规律、巧记忆]prep.＋n.＋prep.→介词短语对比、记忆infavourof赞同，支持inhonourof纪念inneedof需要inchargeof掌管protect...against/from...保护……免受……defend...against/from...防卫……免受……prevent...from(doing)．..阻止……(做)某事stop...from(doing)．..阻止……(做)某事1．Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.并非一切对自然最好的对人类也是好的。[记句式结构]noteverything表示部分否定。[仿写促落实]Theprotectionofourenvironmentistobelefttothegovernment.保护我们的环境的事情并不能全部都留给政府。noteverything2．...manydevelopednationsarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingit.……许多发达国家现在关注拯救自然而不是开发或破坏自然。[记句式结构]ratherthan连接两个并列成分或用于固定搭配中，意为“而不是，而不愿”。[仿写促落实]Theyarefocusingonprovidingtheservices．他们的重点在于提供服务而不是进行研究。ratherthandoingresearch3．...makesurethatpeopleenjoyhealthyandhappylives，withouttheenvironmentaroundthemsuffering.……确保人们能享有健康、幸福的生活，同时又不损害其周边的环境。[记句式结构]“without＋宾语＋宾补”属于介词的复合结构，表示某种附加的条件、特征或结果。[仿写促落实]Theydebatedforhours．他们争论了几个小时，也没作出决定。withoutadecisionbeingmade4．Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.转基因食品就是最好的例子。[记句式结构](1)nowhere是否定副词，放在句首时引起部分倒装。(2)否定副词与比较级连用表示最高级的肯定意义。[仿写促落实]inagriculture.政府的政策对农业的影响最为显著。Nowhereistheeffectofgovernmentpolicymoreapparentthan核心要点探究infavourof赞同，支持(教材P58)Wouldanyonesaythatdevelopmentshouldbestoppedinfavourofnature?难道我们为了保护自然就应该停止经济发展吗？insb.'sfavour对某人有利dosb.afavour/doafavourforsb.帮某人一个忙dosb.thefavourtodosth.帮忙做某事askafavourofsb.请某人帮忙①Thedecisionwentinhisfavour，whichdelightedhim.这一决定对他有利，这使他很高兴。②Willyoudomethefavour(close)thewindow?你能帮忙把窗子关上吗？③MayIaskafavouryou?能不能请你帮个忙？tocloseof[名师点津]infavourof是由“介词in＋名词＋介词of”构成的短语，此类常用短语还有：①incontrolof控制②inpraiseof表扬，赞赏③inplaceof代替，取代④inmemoryof为了纪念⑤insearchof寻找⑥insupportof支持⑦intermsof至于……，就……而言pointofview观点(教材P58)Fromthepointofviewofsomepeople，weareonlydoingwhathumanshavealwaysdone，usingnaturetomeetourownneeds.根据有些人的观点，我们只是在做人类一直在做的事情——利用自然满足我们自己的需求。①Frommypointofview，thetheorythatwasputforwardbythescientistisnotquitescientific.依我看，那位科学家提出的理论不是十分科学。②Inviewoftheweather，wewillcanceltheouting.因天气关系，我们要取消此次郊游。③Inmyviewandintheviewmostpeople，it'saverysoundinvestment.照我和大多数人的看法，这是很可靠的投资。④Butnow，manyyoungpeopleviewitafashionitem.可如今，许多年轻人把它视为一种时尚单品。ofas[联想助记]表示“就某人来看，某人认为”的短语还有：①asfor/tosb.②inone'sopinion③asfarassb.beconcerned④fromone'sstandpointfrightenvt.使惊吓，使惊恐(教材P59)Whilemanypeopleareexcitedaboutthesenewtechnologies，thesesametechnologiesfrightenothers.尽管许多人因这些新技术而兴奋不已，这些同样的技术也使其他人恐惧。(1)frightensb.into/outofdoingsth.恐吓某人做/不做某事frightenaway/off吓跑(2)frightn.恐怖；惊吓(3)frighteningadj.令人害怕的；吓人的；可怕的(4)frightenedadj.受惊的；害怕的befrightenedof(doing)sth.害怕(做)……betoofrightenedtodosth.吓得不敢做某事①Iwillneverbefrightenedintostayingsilentonthismatter.在这种事情上，我永远不会被吓得保持沉默。②Shewasfrightenedtheangerinhiseyes.她被他眼中的怒火吓住了。by③Iwas(frighten)ofbeingleftaloneinthehouse.我害怕一个人待在屋里。④Seeingthescene，thegirlwassothatshecriedwith．(fright)看到这可怕的一幕，女孩非常害怕，以至于吓哭了frighteningfrightenedfrightfrightenedprofitn．利润，收益vi.&vt.获益；对……有用(教材P59)Researchhasbeenlimitedtoincreasingproductionprofits，ratherthanmakingsurethatGMfoodsaresafe.目前的研究只局限于增加生产利润，而不是确保转基因食品的安全。(1)makeaprofit(on...)(在……上)获利/赚钱make/earnaprofitof...获取……利润gainalotofprofitfrom...从……上受益匪浅(2)profitfrom/by...从……中获利/受益(3)profitableadj.有益的，有用的；有利可图的①Inrecentyearsmanyfootballclubshavebeenrunasbusinesstomakeaprofit.近年来，很多足球俱乐部都进行商业运行，以谋求利润。②Wegainedalotofprofitfromyouradvice.我们从你的建议中受益匪浅。③Weprofittheworkofthespecialist.我们从专家的工作中得到益处。④Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables，”giventhatthey're(profit)．可以得出这样的结论：只要有利于盈利，餐馆经营者不会“过度担心‘位置不好的’桌子”。fromprofitable[名师点津]profit意为“利润，收益”时，是可数名词；意为“益处，得益”