2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 21 Human Biology Section Ⅱ Wa

SectionⅡWarm­up&Lesson1—LanguagePointsⅠ.单词拼写1．Cantheybeallowedto(违反)rulesandregulationsatwill?2．Atfirsthewas(反对)tothescheme,butwemanagedtopersuadehimtoacceptit.3．Shewarnedstudentsthatthebehaviourwouldnotbe_________(容忍)inherschool.violateopposedtolerated4．Idon'tknowwhetherIshould(交换)seatswiththestranger.5．Thefarmersare(抽水)waterfromthedeepwelltowatertheirplants.6．Hewentfromcitytocity,(寻找)forwork.7．Donotgivethebabymeattoeat,becausehecannot_____(消化)it.8．Childrenneedtocompletenineyearsof___________(义务的)educationinChina.9．Goodhealthis____________(基础的)ifyouwanttohavealonglife.swappumpingseekingdigestcompulsoryfundamentalⅡ.拓展词汇1．vt.容忍→n．忍受，容忍2．vt.寻找→(过去式)→(过去分词)3．vt.反对→adj.反对的，相反的4．vt.违反，违背→n．违反5．n．矿物→n．矿，矿山Ⅲ.补全短语1．compare......和……相比较2．silence沉默地，无声地3．outof上气不接下气4．random随便地，随意地toleratetoleranceseeksoughtsoughtopposeopposedviolateviolationmineralminewithinbreathat5．rather而不是6．allcosts不管多大代价，无论如何7．slow降低8．allthe总是，经常9．beclose靠近；离……近10．break(战争、火灾、疫病等)突然爆发11．suffer(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受难，受折磨12．contribute有助于，促成13．vain徒劳，白费力气14．maketo能参加，出席thanatdowntimetooutfromtoinit1．Unfortunately,itisnoteasytocatchathletesusingillegaldrugs.不幸的是，查出运动员服用违禁药物并不容易。[句式分析]catchsb.doingsth.“撞见某人正在做某事”。[佳句赏析]当我来到教室时，我发现他正在偷看我的私人信件。WhenIcameintotheclassroom,Icaughthimreadingmyprivateletters.2．Unlesswearecareful,“gene­therapy”willbethenextbigthreat.除非小心翼翼，否则“基因疗法”将会成为下一个巨大的威胁。[句式分析]unless引导条件状语从句。[佳句赏析]除非我被邀请，否则我不会去参加晚会的。Iwon'tgotothepartyunlessI'minvited.3．Inthefuture,athleteswhohavetheirgeneschangedmightbeabletodothe100metresdashinjust8secondsorthemarathoninlessthantwohours.将来，改变了基因的运动员有可能创下仅8秒的百米纪录或不到两个小时的马拉松长跑纪录。[句式分析]havetheirgeneschanged为havesth.done“让某事被做”。[佳句赏析](2016·全国卷Ⅰ写作佳句)我写信是想请你把我的个人简历修改一下。I'mwritingtoyoutohavemyresumerevised.1．Itdigestsyourfoodandsendsvitaminsandmineralsintotheblood.(P33)它消化你的食物，将维生素和矿物质送入血液中。★digestvt.&vi.消化vt.理解，领悟n.摘要，文摘写出下列句中digest的词性及含义①Youshouldallowalittletimeafteramealforthefoodtodigest.______vt.消化②Ihavedigestedmostoftheimportantpointsinthebook._______③Thedigestofthenovelincludesthemostexcitingscenes._______[巧学助记]vt.理解n.摘要2．Thesportsworlddoesnottoleratedopingasitisafundamentalformofcheating.(P34)由于它是欺骗的基本形式，体育界是不会容忍运动员服用兴奋剂的。★toleratevt.容忍；忍受；容许(1)toleratedoingsth.容忍/容许做某事toleratesb./sb.'sdoingsth.容许/忍受某人做某事(2)tolerantadj.宽容的；容忍的betolerantof对……宽容(3)tolerancen.宽容；忍耐力①Imustremindyouthatatnotimewilltheschooltoleratecheatingintheexam.我必须提醒你，学校绝不会容忍考试作弊。②Ican'timaginethatsuchastubbornmanashimcanbetolerantdifferentideas.我无法想象像他这样顽固的人会容忍不同的观点。③Trytoshowsome(tolerant)towardschildren.努力表现得对孩子宽容些。oftolerance[名师点津]tolerate/stand“忍受”，后只接动词­ing形式作宾语；bear/endure可接动词­ing和动词不定式两种形式作宾语。④Shecan'ttolerate/stand/bear/endurebeingcalledaliar.＝Shecan'tbear/endurealiar.她无法忍受被称作撒谎者。tobecalled3．Dopingisnotonlyaprobleminathletics,itispartofeverysportwhereathletesseektoachievebeyondtheirnaturallimitsandarepreparedtocheattodoso.(P34)服用兴奋剂不仅仅是田径运动中存在的问题，每个运动项目都存在这个问题，运动员想取得超常体育成绩而准备作弊。★seekvt.(sought,sought)寻找seektodosth.设法、企图做某事seekafter/for追求，探索seekout搜寻出；挑选出；找到seekone'sfortune外出寻找发财机会，外出闯荡seeksth.fromsb.向某人请求/寻求某物①Weseektofindawaytomakeusgetalongwellwiththepeoplearoundus.我们试图找一种方法使我们和周围的人相处融洽。②Youshouldseekadviceyourlawyeronthismatter.这件事情你应该寻求律师的建议。from③Ifyouwanttosuccess,youmustworkhard.如果你想追求成功，就必须努力工作。④Theyahandyspotwheretheymightsitdownandrest.他们找到了一个可以坐下休息而且方便的地方。[语境串记]HetoldusthathewasgoingtoBeijingtoseekhisfortuneandIsuggestedthatheshouldseekadvicefromhisteacherandshouldn'tseekafter/forpersonalfameorgain.他告诉我们他要去北京碰碰运气，我建议他应该请教他的老师，不要一味地追名逐利。seekfor/aftersoughtout4．FloydLandismadeseverallameexcusesblamingmedicinehehadbeentakingforaninjurybutthesewereallinvain.(P34)弗洛伊德·兰蒂斯做了几次站不住脚的辩解，推诿说药物是为了治疗伤痛而服用的，但这些都是徒劳的。★invain徒然，白费力气(1)tryinvaintodosth.枉费心机/徒劳无益做某事(2)bevainabout对……感到自负makevainattempts/efforts做徒劳的尝试/努力①Itriedtopersuadehimtostopsmokingbutmyeffortswereinvain.我曾试图说服他戒烟，但是我的努力是徒劳的。②Wetriedinvain(make)himchangehismind.我们试图使他改变主意，结果是白费工夫。③Tobeperfectlyfrank,Idonotseewhatshehastobevain_____.坦率地说，我看不出她有什么值得骄傲之处。tomakeabout5．Itiscompulsoryforwinnerstobetestedbutotherparticipantsareonlytestedatrandom.(P34)获胜者被强制进行检查，而其他参赛选手则只是随机抽检。★atrandom随便地，随意地①Thelibrariantookabookatrandomfromtheshelf.图书管理员从书架上随便拿了一本书。②Thepeoplefortheexperimentwerechosencompletely_________.参与实验的人完全是随机挑选的。(1)randomadj.胡乱的；随便的，任意的(2)onpurpose有意地，故意地atrandom③Whydoyoucareabouthisrandomremarks?他只是随便一说，何必介意？④Jack'sbeenreallyannoyingmeandIthinkhe'sdoingit_________.杰克一直让我很烦，我想他是故意那样做的。[联想发散]“at＋名词”构成的短语常见的还有：①atdinner在吃饭②atplay在玩耍③atsea在航海④atwork在工作⑤atwar在打仗⑥atpeace和平相处⑦athand在手边⑧atwill任意onpurpose6．Gene­therapyisverycontroversialandmanypeopleopposefurtherresearchintoit.(P34)基因疗法是很有争议的，许多人反对对此做进一步的研究。★opposevt.反对，抵制，阻挠(1)opposedoingsth.反对做某事opposesb./sb.'sdoingsth.反对某人做某事(2)opposedadj.反对的beopposedto(doing)sth.反对(做)某事(3)oppositeadj.对立的，在……对面的prep.在……的对面n.相反的人或物，对立物①Manyresidentsoppose/areopposedtobuildingthemotorway.Itisnotawisedecision.许多居民反对修建那条高速公路，那可不是个明智的决定。②Herwealthyparentsopposed/wereopposedtoher________(marry)aboyfromthepoorfamily.她那富有的父母反对她同贫寒家庭的孩子结婚。③Sheturneda