2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern her

第一课文化与社会第1课时体味文化Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernheroSectionⅢGrammar01课前语法感知教材语法感知①ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.②Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.③Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.④TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometresaway.⑤However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.⑥ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.⑦...untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.⑧...wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.(1)关系副词在定语从句中作时间状语，如①⑤⑥；关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语，如④⑦。(2)在“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句中，用于指代物，如③⑧；用于指代人，如②。whenwherewhichwhom真题语法感悟1.(2016·江苏高考)Manyyoungpeople,mostof____________werewell­educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.2．(2015·北京高考)OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch,____________youcanhearsomelovelymusic.3．(2015·陕西高考)Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetime____________heshouldbeabletobeindependent.whomwherewhen02课堂合作探究定语从句(Ⅱ)本单元主要学习关系副词和“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句。一、关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句1．when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。I'llneverforgetthedaywhenIbecameaLeaguemember.我永远也不会忘记入团的那天。Doyoustillrememberthedaywhenwefirstmet?你还记得我们第一次见面的日子吗？Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingsaredoneoncomputers.我们生活在一个许多事情都用计算机操作的时代。Istillrememberthetimewhenwevisitedthefarm.我仍然记得我们参观农场的日子。2．where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。Thisisthehousewherehelivedthreemonthsago.这是他三个月前住过的房子。It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.把孩子们置于一种可以以不同的角度观察自身的情境中是有帮助的。3．why表示原因，引导的从句修饰名词reason，在从句中作原因状语。Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedhistrain.他迟到的原因是错过了火车。名师点津reason后的定语从句的引导词若在从句中作主语或宾语，则应用which或that。Thereason(which/that)heexplainedatthemeetingwasnotsound.他在会议上解释的原因并不充分。4．定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择①明确关系代词、关系副词在定语从句中的不同作用。关系代词which,that,who在定语从句中作主语或在及物动词或介词后作宾语。关系副词when,where,why在定语从句中作状语，即定语从句不缺主语、宾语，只缺少表时间、地点或原因的状语。②分析句子结构，明确句法成分。选用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句，关键是看关系词在从句中作主语、宾语还是状语。这取决于定语从句中的谓语动词。如果定语从句的谓语动词是及物动词，应观察其后有无宾语。如没有宾语，则应考虑使用能充当宾语的关系代词which或that等。如句子中已有宾语，就考虑关系副词when,where或why等。【即景活用1】选词填空(that,which,when,where,why)①Iwillneverforgetthedays____________wespenttogether.②Iwillneverforgetthedays____________westayedtogether.③Thereason____________hegaveforbeinglatewasthattheywereheldupinatrafficjam.that/whichwhenthat/which④Thereason____________hehasresignedispoorhealth.⑤Keepthebookinaplace____________youcanfinditeasily.⑥Thisisthehouse____________wasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.whywherewhich/that二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom。先行词指物时，用which；先行词指人时，用whom；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。在这个结构中，介词的使用原则是：1．根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来选用介词。ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8yuan.forwhichIpaid8yuan.2．根据先行词的搭配习惯来选用介词。IrememberthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.thedaysduringwhichIlivedhere.themonthinwhichIstayedthere.ThebossinwhosecompanyMrKingworkedheardabouttheaccident.金先生所工作的公司的老板听说了这起事故。(intheboss'company)3.根据句子的意思来选用介词。Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。4.表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。Ihaveabout10books,halfofwhichwerewrittenbyMoYan.我有大约10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。名师点津在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如lookafter,lookfor等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。【即景活用2】(1)用关系词或介词填空①Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof____________havebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.②Thegirlto____________youtalkedjustnowisourEnglishteacher.③Thedaywillcome____________whichwewillwinthefinalvictory.whichwhomon④Thewoman____________whomyoushookhandsjustnowistheheadofourcompany.⑤Thedeathofhissonwasanexperience____________whichheneverfullyrecovered.withfrom(2)单句写作①我知道一个我们能找到红色花的地方。Iknowaplace__________________someredflowers.②昨天晚上街上没有一个我能求助的人。Therewasnoperson________________________forhelpinthestreetlastnight.③这就是我在这儿旅行时住过的宾馆。Thisistheveryhotel________________________whenIwastravellinghere.wherewecanfindtowhomIcouldturnatwhichIstayed④他拍了十部电影了，其中多数都世界闻名。Hehasmadetenfilms,________________________areworld­famous.⑤我和一对夫妇是邻居，他们的孩子常常发出噪音。Ilivenextdoortoacouple_________________________alotofnoise.mostofwhichwhosechildrenoftenmake