2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Global warming Section Ⅰ Wa

Consequences①ofGlobalWarmingThelatestscientificdatashowthattheearth'sclimate②ischangingrapidly.GlobaltemperaturesincreasedbyaboutonedegreeFahrenheitduringthelastcentury,andwilllikelyriseevenmorerapidlyinthecomingdecades.What'sthecause?Athickeninglayerofcarbondioxidemostlyfrompowerplantsandautomobilestrapsheatintheatmosphere③.Herearesomeconsequencesofglobalwarming：ClimatepatternchangeHeatwaveswillbemoresevereandhappenmoreoften.Warmertemperaturescouldalsoincreasetheprobabilityofdrought④andwildfire.Warmertemperaturesincreasetheenergyoftheclimaticsystemandleadtomoreseriousrainfallatsometimesandinsomeareas.HealtheffectsMoresevereheatwavescouldresultinmoreheat­relateddeaths.Globalwarmingisexpectedtoincreasethepotential⑤geographic⑥rangeandvirusesoftropicaldiseasesaswell.Diseasescarriedbymosquitoeswillwidentheirrange.WarmingwaterSealevelswillrise,floodingcoastalareas.Warmerwaterintheoceanspumpsmoreenergyintotropicalstorms,makingthemmoreseriousandpotentiallymoredestructive⑦.Risingglobaltemperatureswillspeedthemeltingofglaciersandicecaps,andcauseriversandlakesrise.EcosystemdestroyedTheincreaseinglobaltemperaturesisexpectedtodestroyecosystems⑧andresultinlossofsomespecies.[多积词汇]①consequencen．结果；后果；影响②climaten.气候③atmospheren.大气层④droughtn.旱灾；干旱⑤potentialadj.潜在的；可能的⑥geographicadj.地理的；地理学的⑦destructiveadj.破坏性的⑧ecosystemn.生态系统SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading—Pre­reading[读文清障][原文呈现]THEEARTHISBECOMINGWARMER—BUTDOESITMATTER?Duringthe20thcenturythetemperatureoftheearthroseaboutonedegreeFahrenheit①.Thatprobablydoesnotseemmuchtoyouorme,butitisarapidincreasewhencomparedto②othernaturalchanges③.Sohowhasthiscomeabout④and①Fahrenheit/'færənhaIt/adj.华氏的n.华氏温度计②comparedto与……相比③whencomparedto...是“when＋过去分词”结构，也可看作时间状语从句的省略，补充完整为whenitiscomparedto...。④comeabout发生；造成，为不及物动词短语。[读文清障][原文呈现]doesitmatter?EarthCare'sSophie⑤Armstrong⑥exploresthesequestions.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer(seeGraph⑦1)andthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandom⑧butnaturalphenomenon⑨.⑤Sophie/'səʊfI/索菲(女名)⑥Armstrong/'ɑːmstrɒŋ/阿姆斯特朗(姓)⑦graph/ɡrɑːf/n.图表；坐标图；曲线图⑧random/'rændəm/adj.胡乱的；任意的⑨phenomenon/fI'nɒmInən;USfə'nɑːmənɑːn/(复数­ena/­Inə；­ənə/)n.现象地球在变暖——但是这会带来什么影响吗？[第1～2段译文]在20世纪期间，地球温度大约上升了1华氏度。这个数值对你我来说很可能是无所谓的，但是跟其他自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快速的增长。那么，这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢？会产生什么影响吗？“关爱地球”组织的索菲·阿姆斯特朗就在探究这些问题。毫无疑问，地球在变暖(见曲线图一)，而全球变暖正是人类活动导致的，并非一种随意的自然现象。[读文清障][原文呈现]○10subscribeto同意；赞成；订购subscribe/səb'skraIb/vi.同意；捐赠；订阅vt.签署(文件)；捐助⑪fossil/'fɒsəl/n.化石；从地下采掘出来的(矿物)⑫fuel/'fjuːəl/n.燃料⑬thattheincrease...isdueto...是that引导的同位语从句，对theview作进一步的解释和说明。⑭byproduct/'baIˌprɒdʌkt/n.副产品⑮themostimportantoneofwhich...是“代词＋of＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句。Allscientistssubscribeto○10theviewthattheincreaseintheearth'stemperatureisduetotheburningoffossil⑪fuels⑫likecoal,naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy⑬.Somebyproducts⑭ofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneofwhichiscarbondioxide⑮.[读文清障][原文呈现]DrJanice⑯Foster⑰explains:“Thereisanaturalphenomenonthatscientistscallthe‘greenhouseeffect’⑱.Thisiswhensmallamountsofgases⑲intheatmosphere,likecarbondioxide,methane⑳andwatervapour,trapheatfromthesunandthereforewarm○21theearth.Withoutthe‘greenhouseeffect’○22，theearthwouldbeaboutthirty­threedegreesCelsius○23coolerthanitis.So,we⑯Janice/'dʒænIs/贾尼丝(女名)⑰Foster/'fɒstə/福斯特(姓或男名)⑱thatscientistscall...是that引导的定语从句，修饰anaturalphenomenon,that在从句中作call的宾语。⑲whensmallamountsofgases至本句末是when引导的表语从句。⑳methane/'miːθeIn/n.甲烷；沼气○21warmvt.(使)变暖○22画线部分是without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句。○23Celsius/'selsIəs/adj.(温度)摄氏的[读文清障][原文呈现]needthosegases.Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugequantitiesof○24extracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytends○25tobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup○26.”○24quantitiesof大量的quantity/'kwɒntətI/n.量；数量○25tend/tend/vi.趋向；易于；照顾vt.照顾；护理tendtodo倾向于/往往做○26goup上升；增长；升起[第3段译文]所有的科学家赞同这种观点：人们为了取得能量而燃烧化石燃料如煤、天然气和石油，从而引起了地球温度的升高。这个过程燃烧化石燃料的一些副产品就叫作“温室”气体，其中最重要的就是二氧化碳。贾尼丝·福斯特博士解释说：“有一种科学家称之为‘温室效应’的自然现象。这种现象就是大气层中少量的气体如二氧化碳、甲烷、水蒸气等吸收太阳的热量，因而使地球变暖。如果没有这种‘温室效应’，地球的温度将比现在的温度还要低33摄氏度左右。因此，我们需要那些气体。当我们在大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时，问题就来了。这意味着更多的热量有被困在大气层中的倾向，从而引起全球气温上升。”[读文清障][原文呈现]○27CharlesKeeling/'kiːlIŋ/查尔斯·基林○28measurement/'meʒəmənt/n.衡量；测量；尺寸make/takemeasurements作测量takesb.'smeasurement给某人量尺寸○29theamountof...……的数量○30per/pɜː/prep.每；每一Weknowthatthelevelsofcarbondioxidehaveincreasedgreatlyoverthelast100to150years.ItwasascientistcalledCharlesKeeling○27，whomadeaccuratemeasurements○28oftheamountof○29carbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1997.Hefoundthatbetweentheseyearsthecarbondioxideintheatmospherewentupfromaround315partstoaround370partsper○30million(seeGraph2)．[读文清障][原文呈现]○31data/'deItə，'dɑːtə/n.资料；数据amassofdata大量资料databank数据库；资料库○32resultin导致resultin后跟结果，而resultfrom后跟原因。Allscientistsacceptthisdata○31.Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedin○32thisincreaseincarbondioxide.Sohowhighwillthetemperatureincreasego?DrJaniceFostersaysthatoverthenext100yearstheamountofwarmingcouldbeaslowas1to1.5degreesCelsius,butitcouldbeashighas5degrees.[第4～5段译文]我们知道，在过去100～150年期间，二氧化