2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of th

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars单元要点归纳提升［重点单词］1．violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的①_________adv.猛烈地；凶猛地②________n.暴力；暴行；激情③______violence猛烈地；强有力地④take...____violence强夺……violentlyviolencewithby2．harmfuladj.有害的①beharmful...对……有害②______n．&vt.伤害；损害③doharmtosb.＝dosb.harm_____________④__________adj.无害的toharm对某人有害harmless3．existvi.存在；生存①exist___存在于……中②exist___靠……生活/生存③____________...存在……；有……④_________n.存在；生活⑤___existence现存的；现有的⑥comeexistence产生；成立；开始存在inonThereexistsexistenceininto4．puzzlen．谜；难题vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难①___apuzzle感到困惑；不知如何是好②(be)apuzzle___sb.……对某人来说仍是个谜③puzzle___________冥思苦想；苦苦思索④_________adj.令人迷惑的⑤________adj.感到迷惑的⑥bepuzzled________对……迷惑不解intoabout/overpuzzlingpuzzledabout5．crashvi.&vt.碰撞；坠落n.(汽车的)撞车事故；(飞机的)失事；撞击声①crash__________...撞到……里/上②______acrash轰隆一声into/ontowith6．pulln．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力①pull____脱(衣、帽等)②pull康复；完成；使渡过难关③pull____(火车)进站；(船)靠岸；驶向路边停靠④pull___停车；停住⑤pull_______拆毁offthroughinupdown［重点短语］1．intime及时；终于；迟早①intime作“____________”讲时，常单独使用，作状语。②intime作“______”讲时，后常跟forsth./todosth.终于，迟早及时2．inone'sturn轮到某人；接着①___turn依次；轮流；转而；反过来②___turns轮流；交替③taketurnssth.轮流做某事④It'sone'sturn_______sth.轮到某人做某事inbytodotodo3．prevent...from阻止；制止①stop...from(doing)sth.______________②keep...from(doing)sth._____________③protect...from/against(doing)sth.__________________________制止某事/物阻止某事/物保护……免受某事/物伤害4．cheer(sb.)up感到高兴；感到振奋①cheersb.____(赛跑比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励某人；为某人加油②________adj.快乐的；高兴的；兴高采烈的③________n.欢呼；喝彩adj.令人振奋的；令人高兴的④_______int.(用于祝酒)干杯；再见；谢谢oncheerfulcheeringcheers5．nowthat______6．breakout突发；爆发①break_______from脱离/挣脱……②break_______出故障；坏掉；失败；(健康等)垮掉③break___插话；破门而入④break_____破门而入⑤break___打碎；结束既然awaydowninintoup7．watchout(for)密切注意；当心；提防①watch______照看；看守②keep___watch(for...)守望(……)；注视(……)overa［重点句型］1．what引导主语从句Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsago...［仿写］我们得不到的东西似乎比我们已经拥有的东西好。________________seemsbetterthanwhatwealreadyhave.Whatwecan'tget2．so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.［仿写］他学习如此努力以至于他取得了巨大进步。Heworked_____________hemadegreatprogress.sohardthat3．“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”复合结构Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.［仿写］他每天早晨6点起床，这已成为一种习惯。Heatsixeveryday.4．whether引导主语从句和宾语从句Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.［仿写］我们是否要开一个会，还没有决定。____________________________isnotdecided.makesitahabittogetupWhetherwewillholdameeting5．原级比较的特殊句型：“as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as”Whenwegetclosertothemoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypullingus,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullastheearth's.［仿写］我希望你能给予他们鼓励，让他们和你们一样过着丰富多彩而充实的生活。Ihopeyoucangivethemencouragementtoliveyoudo.asrichandfullalifeas6.倍数表达法之一：“倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...”ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.［仿写］众所周知，猫睡觉的时间是人的两倍。Asweallknow,catssleep________________people.twiceasmuchas7．形容词作伴随状语，补充说明主语所处的状态Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth'sgravityincreased.［仿写］长途旅行之后，我们三人回到了家，又饿又累。Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofuswentbackhome,______________.hungryandtired［单元语法］将下列句子改写成含有名词性从句的句子1．Hecouldn'tunderstandthat，asateacherofChinese，hehadbeenaskedtoteachhistory.→_______hecouldn'tunderstand_____that，asateacherofChinese，hehadbeenaskedtoteachhistory.2．Whenandwheretogoonabusinesstriphasn'tbeendecided.→___hasn'tbeendecided_______________togoonabusinesstrip.WhatwasItwhenandwhere3．Wedon'tknowwhowilltaketheplaceofMr.Smith.→______willtaketheplaceofMr.Smith_______________.4．MyunclehappenedtobeoutwhenIvisitedhimonSunday.→______________myunclewasoutwhenIvisitedhimonSunday.5．Whethertheoldcouplewilllikethetripabroadornotremainstobeseen.→____________________whethertheoldcouplewilllikethetripabroadornot.6．Itmakesnodifferencehowyougetthere.→___________________makesnodifference.Whoisn'tknowntousIthappenedthatItremainstobeseenHowyougetthere［话题写作］Ⅰ.根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面句子。1．沿着河岸存在着许多重工厂。(thereexist；plant)__________________________________________________.2.有些已经对环境造成损害。(harm)__________________________________________________.3.去年，有家工厂曾经发生剧烈的爆炸。(violently)__________________________________________________.ThereexistmanyheavyplantsalongtheriverSomehavedonegreatharmtotheenvironmentLastyear,oneofthemexplodedviolently4.当地人们都陷入到恐慌中。__________________________________________________.5.听到已经及时采取措施阻止污染的进一步恶化，他们都感到兴奋。(intime；prevent；cheerup)________________________________________________________________________________________________________.6．有可能明年这些重工厂要搬走。__________________________________________________.ThelocalpeoplegotintothepanicHearingthatsomemeasureshavebeentakenintimetopreventthepollutionfromgettingbadtoworse,theyallcheerupThereisachancethattheseplantswillbemovednextyearⅡ.将以上句子连成短文，要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。Onepossibleversion：Thereexistmanyheavyplantsalongtheriver,someofwhichhavedonegreatharmtotheenvironment.Lastyear,oneofthemexplodedviolently;asaresult,thelocalpeoplegotintothepanic.Hearingthatsomemeasureshavebeentakenintimetopreventthepollutionfromgettingbadtoworse,theyallcheerup.Moreimportantly,thereisachancethattheseplantswillbemovednextyear.