2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of th

[读文清障][原文呈现]AVISITTO①THEMOONLastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachanceto②makeatrip③intospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship④！①名词visit后接to，意为“到……的旅行”，to为介词。②haveachancetodosth.有机会做某事③makeatrip(＝takeatrip＝goonatrip)去旅行④inourspaceship乘宇宙飞船，相当于byspaceship。spaceship/'speɪsʃɪp/n.宇宙飞船SectionⅣLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage[读文清障][原文呈现]Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtome⑤thattheforceofgravity⑥wouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff⑦.⑤explainsth.tosb.“向某人解释某事”。本句中explain的宾语是两个that从句，因太长而后移了。explain后不能直接跟sb.，须先接介词to。类似的词还有say,announce等。⑥theforceofgravity地心引力⑦beoff离开，起飞。在本句中相当于takeoff。[读文清障][原文呈现]Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackinto⑧ourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepull⑨oftheearth'sgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother⑩.⑧push...backinto...把……推回到……⑨pull/pʊl/n.&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力pulldown拆毁pullon/off匆忙穿上/匆忙脱掉⑩so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。[读文清障][原文呈现]Gradually⑪theweightlessened⑫andIwasabletotalktohim.“Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbackto⑬theearth?OntheearthifIfallfromatreeIwillfalltotheground.”Iasked.⑪graduallyadv.逐渐地；逐步地，渐渐地⑫lessen/'lesn/vi.&vt.减少；减轻⑬fallbackto落回到[读文清障][原文呈现]“Wearetoofarfrom⑭theearthnowtofeelitspull，”heexplained,“sowefeelasifthereisnogravityatall.Whenwegetcloserto⑮themoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypulling⑯us,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullas⑰theearth's.”⑭befarfrom离……很远⑮getcloseto接近，靠近⑯feelsb./sth.doingsth.感到某人/某物在做某事⑰asstrongapullas为“as＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as”结构。[读文清障][原文呈现]Icheeredup⑱immediatelyandfloated⑲weightlessly⑳aroundinourspaceshipcabin○21watchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger○22.⑱cheerup感到高兴；感到振奋⑲float/fləʊt/vi.&vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n.漂浮物⑳weightlessly/'weɪtlɪslɪ/adv.失重地○21cabin/'kæbɪn/n.小屋；船舱○22现在分词短语watchingtheearth...作伴随状语。watchsb./sth.dosth.观察到某人/某物做某事。月球之旅[第1～2段译文]我的朋友李彦平是一位天文学家，上个月我非常有幸有机会同他一起去太空旅行。我们乘宇宙飞船游览了月球！在起程之前，李彦平向我解释说，在我们的旅行中会有三次引力的改变，而第一次的改变将是最强的。随后我们就起航了。随着火箭升入太空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。这种引力太强了，以至于我们彼此间都不能说话了。渐渐地，这个力量慢慢减小，我才能够同他讲话。我问道：“为什么宇宙飞船不会落回到地球呢？在地球上的时候，如果我从树上掉下来，总会朝地上落下去的。”李彦平解释说：“现在我们离地球太远了，感觉不到地球的拉力，所以我们感觉好像完全没有地球引力了。当我们更接近月球时，就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。”我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。[读文清障][原文呈现]Whenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.“Comeon○23，”Isaid.“Ifyouareright,myweightwillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomovemorefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.Ishallcertainlyweighless！”Ilaughedandclimbeddownthestepsfromthespaceship.○23comeon快点儿。常用于祈使句中以鼓励某人，意为“动手吧；快点儿；加油”。[读文清障][原文呈现]ButwhenItriedtostepforward○24，IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfaras○25ontheearthandfellover○26.○24stepforward朝前走；迈步向前○25twiceasfaras“……的两倍远”。倍数表示法：倍数(twice,threetimes...)＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as。○26fallover跌倒；摔倒[读文清障][原文呈现]“Ohdear，”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpractice○27nowthat○28gravityhaschanged.”AfterawhileIgotthehangof○29itandwebegantoenjoyourselves○30.○27动名词walking在此处作主语。does为助动词，加强语气，意为“确实”，其后跟动词原形。○28nowthat既然(引导原因状语从句)○29getthehangof熟悉；掌握；理解○30enjoyoneself尽情地玩；玩得高兴[读文清障][原文呈现]Leavingthemoon'sgravitywasnotaspainfulasleavingtheearth's.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeout○31ontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth'sgravityincreased.Againwewerepushedhardintoourseatsaswecamebacktoland.○31breakout突发；爆发[读文清障][原文呈现]“Thatwasveryexhausting○32butveryexcitingtoo，”Isaid.“NowIknow○33muchmoreaboutgravity!Doyouthinkwecouldvisitsomestarsnexttime？”“Ofcourse，”hesmiled,“whichstarwouldyouliketogoto？”○32exhaust/ɪɡ'zɔːst/vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽exhaustingadj.令人精疲力尽的exhaustedadj.感到精疲力尽的exhaustionn．精疲力尽；用光，耗尽○33know在此处相当于understand，意为“理解，明白”。[第3～4段译文]我们到达月球时，我就想立即进行探测。“来吧，”我说，“要是你讲得对，我的重量就会比在地球上小，因为月球更小，而我就能更自由地活动了。如果我在月球上待的时间足够长的话，我甚至可能长得更高，我的体重肯定也会变得更轻！”我笑着从宇宙飞船的梯级上爬下来。但当我试图往前走时，我发现自己被带到一个步幅相当于地球上两倍远的地方并且摔倒了。“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路的确需要练一练了。”过了一会儿，我才掌握了走路的诀窍，我们这才开始感到自如了。摆脱月球引力不像摆脱地球引力那样痛苦。但是返回到地球的经历却是非常吓人的。我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。当我们回到地面时，我们又(感到)被重重地推回在座位上。我说道：“真是精疲力尽了，但也很激动人心。关于引力，我现在就懂得更多了！你认为下次我们可以去别的星球上游览吗？”“当然可以，”他笑着说，“你想到哪颗星球上去呢？”Ⅰ.Matchthetopicsentencewithproperparagraph.Para.1A．Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship!Para.2B．Whenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.Para.3C．Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Para.4D．Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtome...themostpowerful.答案：Paras.1～4ADBCⅡ.Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.1．Whenweweregoingup,wefelt________.A．wewerepressedagainstourseatsB．wewerelighterthanweareontheearthC．asifwewereflyingD．therocketwasshakingstrongly2．Whycan'tthespaceshipfallbacktotheearth?A．Becausethemoon'sgravitypullsitup.B．Becauseitistoofarawayfromtheearth.C．Becausetheearthhasnogravity.D．Becausethespaceshipisnotveryheavy.3．WhenIwasonthemoon,IfeltIwas________thanIamontheearth.A．slowerB．heavierC．clevererD．lighter4．Ifababyisgrowingonthemoon,whenhegrowsup,hewillgrow________thanheisontheearth.A．tallerB．shorterC．fatterD．thinner5．Thepassagemainlytalksabout________.A．whatthemoonisB．myvisittothemoonC．thedifferencebetweentheearthandthemoonD．LiYanping,myfriend,whoisanastronaut答案：1～5ABDABⅠ.单词拼写1．Atruckwentoutofcontroland____