2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of th

Period2WarmingUp&Reading(2)Ⅰ.语法填空1．Someunderstandingofgrammaris________(fundament)tolearningalanguage.2．________(like)mostpeopleintheofficewhocometoworkbycar,Iusuallycomebybus.3．Iconsiderthatitis________(harm)forstudentstoplaycomputergamestoomuch.4．Some________(violence)scenesinthefilmwerecutoffwhenitwasshownontelevision.5．Ourproblemshave________(multiply)sincelastyear.6．Helookedatmewitha________(puzzle)lookonhisface.7．Hernamein________(religious)isSisterMary.8．Wecan’t________(existence)withoutwaterandfooD．9．You________(succeed)intimeifyoukeeponworkinglikethis.10．Thegovernmenthastoclosethosesmallfactoriestopreventthewateroftheriverfrom________(pollute)．【答案】1.fundamental2．Unlike3.harmful4．violent5．multiplied6.puzzled7.religion8.exist9．willsucceed10.beingpollutedⅡ.句子结构分析1．WaterhadalsoappearedonotherplanetslikeMarsbut,unliketheearth,ithaddisappearedlater.这是一个由连词but连接的并列句。第一个分句的主干是__________，第二个分句的主干是__________。2．Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.这是一个复合句，whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocome是______，whetherthisproblemcanbesolved是______的宾语。【答案】1.Waterhadappeared;ithaddisappeared2．主语从句；dependon1．violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的Someviolentsceneswerecutfromthefilm.这部影片的一些暴力镜头被剪去了。Ihaveneverseensuchaviolentstorm.我从没见过这么大的暴风雨。TheyhadaviolentquarreloverDave’sdrinking.因为戴夫喝酒，他们大吵了一架。violentcrime/behaviour暴力犯罪/行为aviolentstorm暴风骤雨doviolenceto对……施暴；歪曲(事实)take…byviolence强夺withviolence强烈地；强有力地语法填空①Thecouplehada(n)________(violence)quarrelbecauseofthehouseworkandJohnrushedoutangrily.②Theyoungmanwaschargedwithrobberywith__________(violent)．③Sheneverthoughthe’dblowupso__________(violent)．【答案】①violent②violence③violently2．unlikeprep.不同；不像It’sunlikeyounottosayhello.连招呼都不打，这可不像你。(1)It’sunlikesb.todosth.不像某人那样做某事(2)likeprep.像，类似(反义词)v．喜欢(3)unlikeadj.不同；相异(4)unlikelyadj.不大可能发生的；未必会发生的易混词词性词义一言辨异unlike介词、形容词不像；与……不同UnlikeJohn,Tomdislikesplayingfootball.与约翰不同，汤姆不喜欢踢足球。dislike动词、名词不喜欢选词填空(用dislike/unlike/like)①It’s________younottosayhello;what’sthematterwithyou?②He________drinking,buthe________smoking.语法填空③Itis________(like)thathewillcometohelpyousoonbecausehehasjustgoneout.【答案】①unlike②likes;dislikes③unlikely3．harmfuladj.有害的Fruitjuicecanbeharmfultochildren’steeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。(1)beharmfulto…对……有害(2)harmlessadj.无害的；不致伤的beharmlessto…对……无害的(3)harmn．伤害doharmtosb./dosb.harm对某人有害一句多译①到处扔垃圾通常有害于我们的生活环境。a．Throwingrubbishaboutusually______________ourlivingenvironment.b．Throwingrubbishaboutusually______________ourlivingenvironment.语法填空②Thisobjectgivesoff________gases.Theymaydoharmtoourhealth.Youmustmaketheobject________beforeyouuseit.(harm)【答案】①a.doesharmtob．isharmfulto②harmful；harmless4．chainn．链子，连锁；锁链Thecriminalswereinchainsandbroughttothecourt.罪犯们带着镣铐被带进了法庭。inchains被囚禁；在囚禁中achainof一连串的；一系列的chainstore(s)连锁店chainvt.用锁链拴住Hechainedthedogforthenight.晚上他用铁链把狗拴起来。完成句子①________________________havetakenplaceinourtown.我们乡镇发生了一连串的变化。②Thedoors__________________.那些门总是用锁链锁着。【答案】①Achainofchanges②werealwayschained5．existvi.存在；生存Dressstandardsexistinthebusinessworldforanumberofreasons,butthemainconcernisoftenaboutwhatcustomersaccept.由于种种原因，在生意场上存在着装标准，但最关切的是顾客接受怎样的(着装)。Theycan’texistonthemoneyhe’searning.他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。(1)existin存在于……中existon靠……生活/生存Thereexists…某地有……(2)existencen．存在；生活inexistence现存的；现有的comeintoexistence＝begintoexist产生；成立；开始存在完成句子①Thepatientbecameseriouslyilllastweek，andhehashadto________milkeversince.上周这位病人生了重病，从此他只能靠喝牛奶活命。②________somedanger,butknowledgecanhelphumanbeingstosurvive.尽管存在危险，但是知识能够帮助人类存活下来。句型转换③Theearthbegantoexistintheuniverselongtimeago.→Theearth________intheuniverselongtimeago.【答案】①existon②Thereexists③cameintoexistence6．puzzlen．谜；难题vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难Buthiscuriositywasdifficulttocontrolandthisnewcomputerreallypuzzledhim.但是他难以抑制自己的好奇心，并且这台新电脑确实让他很迷惑。(1)beinapuzzle感到困惑；不知如何是好(2)puzzleabout/over冥思苦想；苦苦思索(3)puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的(4)puzzledadj.迷惑的bepuzzledabout对……迷惑不解用puzzle的适当形式填空①Toexplainthe____________findings,heofferstwotheories.②Judgingfromhis____________lookonhisface,hewas______bythe________mystery.③_____________(使我困惑的是)whyheleftthecountrywithouttellinganyone.【答案】①puzzling;②puzzled,puzzled,puzzling;③Whatpuzzlesmeis7．atmospheren．大气层；气氛Theseplantslovewarm,humidatmosphere.这些植物喜欢温暖潮湿的空气。Theatmospherechangedassoonasshewalkedin.她一进来气氛就变了。语法填空Thetopleadersofthetwocountriesareholdingtalks________afriendlyatmosphere.【答案】in8．intime来得及；及时；迟早；最后；终于Willyoubebackintimefordinner?你会及时赶回来吃晚饭吗？Ishouldbebackintimetowatchfootballmatch.我应该能及时赶回来去观看那场足球赛。You’llsucceedintimeaslongasyoudon’tgiveup.只要不放弃，你总有一天会成功。Youwillbenefitfromreadingbooksintime.你迟早会从读书中受益的。forthefirsttime首次aheadoftime提前allthetime一直；始终atthesametime同时；然而atatime依次；逐一；每次innotime立刻；马上fromtimetotime偶尔；间或atonetime曾经；一度attimes有时；偶尔用time的相关短语填空①－ThankGodyou’resafe!—Isteppedback,just____________(及时)toavoidtheracingcar.②Sheranupthetwostairs__________________(一次)．③Passengersshouldcheckintwohours__________________(提前)．④Don’tbesodiscouraged.You’llbesuccessful____________(迟早)．【答案】①intime②atonetime③aheadoftime④intime9．inone