2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 3 Understanding each other Se

Inmanypartsoftheworld,personalinfluenceisessential①inachievingsuccess.ThisisnottrueintheUnitedStates,wheresuccessusuallyresultsfrom②hardwork,education,skill,andpersonalinitiative③.Americaistrulya“do­it­yourself”④society;successisnotdependentonfamilyoriginsorthehelpofaninfluential⑤person.Personalprogressistheresultofindividualeffort.BecauseeffortandinitiativearesoimportantinAmerica,therearemanycustomsthatmaybedifferentfromthosepracticedinothercountries.Forexample,itisnotconsidereddishonorable⑥toquit⑦ajob,evenifyouhavehaditforonlyashorttime.Movingfromjob­to­job,or“job­hopping⑧”，asitiscalled,isquiteacceptableintheUnitedStates.Frequently,theopportunitytochangejobsoffersworkersachancetomoveuptoabetterposition.Americansliketomovefromplacetoplacetryingnewjobs,meetingnewpeopleandlivingindifferentpartsofthecountry.“Job­hopping”alsogivesemployersachancetobenefitfromthenewideasandskillsthatdifferentpeoplebringtotheirjobsevenifsuchpeopleareemployedforonlyashorttime.[多积词汇]①essentialadj.基本的，必要的②resultfrom由……造成③initiativen.主动性；主动精神④do­it­yourself自己动手做⑤influentialadj.有影响的，有权势的⑥dishonorableadj.不光彩的⑦quitv.辞职；停止⑧job­hoppingn.跳槽[读文清障][原文呈现]CulturaldifferencesMaLi：Hi,everyone.Myname'sMaLi.Ineedsomehelpwithmyhomework—it'saboutculturaldifferences.CanIsitdownandtalktoyou?Waled：Hi,MaLi,I'mWaledfromBrunei①.①Brunei/'bruːnaI/n.文莱SectionⅠWelcometotheunit&Reading—Pre­reading[读文清障][原文呈现]②Nicetomeetyou.用于见面开始时。见面结束时要说“Nicemeetingyou.”。③tellsb.aboutsth.告诉某人有关某事④youhavefound是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词someculturaldifferences。Peter：AndI'mPeter,fromtheUK.Nicetomeetyou②.MaLi：Nicetomeetyou,too.Canyoutellmeaboutsomeculturaldifferences③youhavefound④？[读文清障][原文呈现]⑤whydon'tyou...为提建议的句型，相当于“whynotdosth.？”⑥assoonas引导时间状语从句⑦end­of­termn．学期末，作定语，修饰ceremony。⑧ceremonyn．仪式，典礼Peter：Waled,whydon'tyou⑤tellherabouttheBritishteacherwhoopenedthepresentassoonashereceivedit⑥attheend­of­term⑦ceremony⑧？[读文清障][原文呈现]⑨what引导表语从句。○10it作形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。⑪reactv．作出反应，回应reactwith与……起化学反应reactto对……作出反应MaLi：Oh,Ialreadyknowaboutthatone.MyAmericanfriendJackdidthesamething.Peter：Well,it'swhatwedointheWest⑨.It'srudenottoopenapresent⑩whensomeonegivesyouone.Weliketoseehowthepersonreacts⑪.[读文清障][原文呈现]⑫it指代nottoopenit作think宾语从句的形式主语。⑬acquaintancen．泛泛之交；熟人makeone'sacquaintance(正式)结识某人，认识某人onfirstacquaintance(正式)初次见面时⑭wedding/'wedIŋ/n.婚礼⑮Korea/kə'rIə/n.韩国；朝鲜Wethinkit'sstrangenottoopenit⑫！Whatwouldbeanotherculturaldifference...letmethink.Well,Ioncewenttoanacquaintance's⑬wedding⑭inKorea⑮andIwasverysurprised.文化差异[以上部分译文]马莉：嗨，大家好，我叫马莉。我需要一些帮助来完成我的家庭作业——它是有关文化差异的。我能坐下来跟你们聊一聊吗？瓦利德：嗨，马莉，我是来自文莱的瓦利德。彼得：我是彼得，来自英国，见到你们很高兴。马莉：见到你们我也很高兴。你们能给我讲讲你们已发现的一些文化差异吗？彼得：瓦利德，你为什么不给她讲一讲那位在期末典礼上一收到礼物就打开的英国老师的事呢？马莉：噢，那件事我已经知道了。我的美国朋友杰克也那样做过。彼得：嗯，我们在西方就是这么做的。当有人送你礼物时，你不打开是不礼貌的。我们喜欢看那个人的反应。我们觉得不打开礼物的做法很奇怪！还有什么文化差异呢？……让我想一想。嗯，有一次我去参加一位熟人在韩国的婚礼，我就很吃惊。[读文清障][原文呈现]⑯liveadj.活的⑰rooster/'ruːstə(r)/n.公鸡⑱have...as...把……当作……⑲weddingceremony结婚典礼MaLi：Whywasthat?Peter：Well,theyhadalive⑯henandarooster⑰as⑱apartoftheweddingceremony⑲.MaLi：Livechickens?[读文清障][原文呈现]○21drive...awayfrom...把……从……驱走○22bethoughttodosth.被认为做某事○23ensure/In'ʃʊə(r)/vt.保证，担保，确保○24goodluckfor...对……来说是好运的○25laid是lay的过去式。○26congratulate/kən'ɡrætʃʊleIt/vt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺○27beconsidered(tobe...)被认为(是……)Peter：Yes.Roostersaresupposedto⑳drivebadspiritsawayfrom○21theweddingceremony,andhensarethought○22toensure○23goodluckfor○24themarriage.Duringtheceremony,thehenlaid○25anegg,andeveryonecongratulated○26thenewcouplebecauseitwasconsidered○27verylucky.[以上部分译文]马莉：那是为什么呢？彼得：嗯，他们把一只活母鸡和一只活公鸡作为婚礼仪式的一部分。马莉：活鸡？彼得：是的，公鸡被认为能够把坏运气从婚礼上赶走，而母鸡则被认为能确保给婚姻带来好运。在婚礼期间，那只母鸡下了一只蛋，所有的人都向这对新人祝贺，因为这被认为是非常幸运的。[读文清障][原文呈现]○28reception/rI'sepʃn/n.招待会；接待；接受○29separateadj.分开的，不同的vt.分开○30bridegroom/'braIdɡruːm/n.新郎○31bride/braId/n.新娘○32that引导表语从句；while在从句中引导让步状语从句。Waled：That'sinteresting!InBrunei,atweddingreceptions○28menandwomenhavetositinseparate○29areas—themenwiththebridegroom○30，andthewomenwiththebride○31.Anotherdifferenceisthatwhileweservefood,softdrinks,teaandcoffee○32，[读文清障][原文呈现]○33permit/pə'mIt/vt.&vi.允许，准许/pə'mIt/n.许可证○34prohibit/prə'hIbIt/vt.(尤指以法令)禁止○35where引导名词性从句，作介词near的宾语。○36That'sbecause...那是因为……，because引导表语从句。○37throughout/θruː'aʊt/prep.&adv.贯穿整个时期alcoholisnotpermitted○33attheweddingreception—infact,alcoholisaltogetherprohibited○34inBrunei.Andyouprobablywouldn'tgetmuchsleepifyoulivednearwhereaweddingreceptionwasbeingheld○35.That'sbecause○36weplaylouddrumstocelebratetheweddingforhoursafterwards,andsometimeseventhroughout○37thenight![读文清障][原文呈现]○38getusedto...习惯于……(to是介词)。Peter：Throughoutthenight?Waled：Yeah,peoplegetusedto○38it.MaLi：Sowhatotherthingsdoyoudoinyourcountrythataredifferentfromothercountries,Waled?[读文清障][原文呈现]○39offence/ə'fens/n.冒犯；侮辱○40thumb/θʌm/n.拇指○41adjust/ə'dʒʌst/vi.&vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节adjustoneselfto...使某人自己适应……it作形式主语，动名词短语watching...作真正的主语；句中又含“watch＋宾语＋宾补”结构。Waled：Well,youknowinmanycountriespeoplepointwiththeirfirstfinger.However,inBruneithatcancauseoffence○39，soweuseourthumb○40topoint.It'squitefunnywatchingthenewforeignteacherstryingtoadjusttodoingthat○41.[读文清障][原文呈现]○42i