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SectionⅢGrammar—宾语从句和表语从句语法图解探究发现①OliverbelievesthatwithamillionpoundbanknoteamancouldsurviveamonthinLondon.②ItisHenryAdams,anAmericanbusinessman,whoislostinLondonanddoesnotknowwhatheshoulddo.③Iwonder,Mr.Adams,ifyou'dmindusaskingafewquestions.④Ididn'tknowwhetherIcouldsurviveuntilmorning.⑤That'swhywe'vegivenyoutheletter.⑥Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.[我的发现](1)以上6个句子中的黑体部分都是从句,这些从句在词性上相当于一个词,故被称作从句。(2)中的黑体部分属于宾语从句。(3)中的黑体部分属于表语从句。名名词性①②③④⑤⑥一、宾语从句1.概念:在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句,叫做宾语从句。它可以充当句中谓语动词、介词或形容词的宾语,有时也作非谓语动词的宾语。2.连接词的用法(1)that引导的宾语从句Ithink(that)youshouldturntotheteacherforhelp.我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。Iamafraid(that)I'vemadeamistake.恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。TheSwedestoodquitestill,exceptthathislipsmovedslightly.那个瑞典人站着一动不动,只是嘴唇还微微在动。Hesaid(that)youweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthatyouwereaskednottocareaboutit.他说你太年轻,还无法理解这件事情,你也不要去管它。[点津]that引导的宾语从句有时可作间接宾语。Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.她对我说她会接受我的邀请。即时演练1翻译句子(用that引导的宾语从句)①我听说他参军了。(join)________________________________②他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的。(through)__________________________________________________③我对他一无所知,只知道他是南方人。(except)___________________________________________________Iheardthathehadjoinedthearmy.Hetoldusthattheywouldhelpusthroughthewholework.Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.(2)whether或if引导的宾语从句whether或if引导宾语从句时,在句中不充当成分,但是含“是否”之意,从句要用陈述语序。Hehasn'tdecidedwhether/ifhe'llgoonatriptoBeijing.他还没决定是否去北京旅行。I'llseewhether/ifIcanadvisehimtoacceptit.我要看看我是否能劝他接受。[点津]用whether而不用if引导宾语从句的情况:(1)作介词的宾语时,只能用whether;(2)与or或ornot连用时只能用whether;(3)用于There'ssomedoubtwhether...句型中;(4)少数动词如leave,put,discuss等后的宾语从句常用whether。Iwonderwhether/iftheywillcometoourparty.不知是否他们会来参加我们的聚会。Itdependsonwhetheritwillbefine.那得看是不是晴天。Idon'tknowwhetherornothewillcome.我不知道他是否会来。Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillcomeintime.他是否能及时赶到值得怀疑。即时演练2句型转换/翻译句子①“Haveyouseenthefilm?”heaskedme.→Heaskedme___________________thefilm.②我为是否伤了她的感情而忧虑。____________________________________③我不知道他是否会出席会议。____________________________________________whether/ifIhadseenIworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.Idon'tknowif/whetherhewillattendthemeeting.(3)连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever和连接副词when,where,how,why,这些连接词都有词义,除引导从句外,还在从句中充当一定的成分,可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。这种宾语从句有疑问意义,但不是疑问句,不能用疑问语序,而要用陈述语序。ThePoliceaskedmehowtheaccidenthappened.警察问我事故是怎么发生的。(how作状语)Hewantedtoknowwhatthemanagerhadsaidatthemeeting.他想知道经理在会议上说了些什么。(what作宾语)DoyouknowwhowillbesenttoworkinXinjiang?你知道会派谁去新疆工作吗?(who作主语)Hedidn'ttellmewhenwewouldmeetagain.他没告诉我什么时候我们再相见。(when作状语)CanIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofthisproject?我能和负责这个项目的人谈谈吗?(whoever作主语)[点津]“疑问词+ever”结构的词可以引导名词性从句和让步状语从句,而“nomatter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句。[辨析]what和which引导宾语从句的区别what意为“什么”,所涉及之物无范围which意为“哪一个”,所涉及之物有范围Theywantedtoseewhichshopwouldofferthebestservice.(他们要看好几家商店)他们想看看哪家商店提供的服务最好。Theywantedtoseewhatshopheopenedlastweek.(他们想知道他所开的那个商店的类型)他们想看看他上一周开的是什么商店。即时演练33-1.用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空①Wearediscussingweshalldotohelpthepoor.②Journalwriterswriteabouttheirtravelsiniscalledatraveljournal.③Iwonderyouaregettingonwithyourstudies.④Canyoutellmehewillcomeback?⑤Canyouhelptofindoutwalletitis?whatwhathowwhenwhose3-2.句型转换⑥Igaveherthethingthatsheaskedfor.→Igavehersheaskedfor.⑦I'llgivethetickettoanyonewhowantsit.→I'llgivethetickettowantsit.whatwhoever3.注意事项(1)it作形式宾语当某些动词后的宾语从句之后有宾语补足语(通常是形容词或名词)时通常以it代替that宾语从句作形式宾语,这时that不可省略。常见的这类动词有find,think,consider,make,feel等。Wefinditdifficultthatweshouldfinishtheworkontime.我们发现我们按时完成工作有困难。Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofboiledwatereveryday.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。[点津]在like,enjoy,love,hate等表“喜怒哀乐”的动词或一些特殊动词(短语)如take,dependon,relyon,seeto等后若要跟宾语从句,需跟形式宾语it。Ihateitwhentheytalkwiththeirmouthfulloffood.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。Youmaydependonitthattheywillsupportyou.你相信好了,他们会支持你的。(2)宾语从句的否定转移当主句的主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect等表示“认为、相信、猜测”等意义的动词,其后接宾语从句时,若从句表示否定意义,则常把否定词not转移到主句谓语部分。Idon'tthinkhewillcomethisevening.我认为他今天晚上不会来。Idon'tsupposethat'shisfault.我认为那不是他的过错。(3)宾语从句的虚拟语气表示“建议、命令、要求、决定、主张”等动词后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。这类动词主要有insist,order,demand等。Heinsistedthatallofus(should)bethereontimebyanymeans.他坚持要我们大家无论如何按时去那儿。[助记]后接宾语从句常用虚拟语气的动词口诀一个坚持(insist);两个命令(order,command);三条建议(advise,suggest,recommend);四项要求(demand,desire,require,request);外加一个敦促(urge)。即时演练4完成句子①__________________________heshouldimprovehispronunciation.他应该改进他的发音,我们认为这是必要的。②____________youwillhaveanydifficultyinfindingtheboys'dormitory.我认为你找到男生宿舍不会有困难。③Heinsistedthatputoff.他坚持要求不推迟会议。WeconsideritnecessarythatIdon'tthinkthemeeting(should)notbe二、表语从句1.概念:在主从复合句中充当表语的从句,叫做表语从句。它常位于系动词之后,用来说明主语是什么或怎么样。2.连接词的用法(1)that引导的表语从句用法:①无意义②不充当成分③不可省略Thereasonforhisabsenceisthathehasn'tbeeninformed.他缺席的原因是他没接到通知。Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellhim.我的建议是我们应该告诉他。(2)whether引导的表语从句Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.关键在于我们是否应该借钱给他。[点津]if不能引导表语从句。(3)连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.问题是谁才真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。ThisiswhatIaminterestedin.这就是我所感兴趣的。That'swhereIfirstmether.那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。(4)because,asif/though等引导的表语从句It'sjustbecausehedoesn'tknowher.这仅仅是因为他不认识她。Nowitseemsasthough
本文标题:2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
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