2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Se

Unit3InventorsandinventionsSectionⅣGrammar&Writing过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语第一板块单元语法单句语法填空1．Whatisthelanguage_______(speak)inthatcountry?2．Iwouldliketoseetheproblem_______(solve)atonce.3．Allthepeople________(invite)totheconferencewillbearrivingatnineo'clocktomorrow.4．Whenwillyougetyourhair____(cut)short?5．Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimself______(hear)abovethenoise.spokensolvedinvitedcutheard一、作定语1．作定语时，如果过去分词是单个词，一般放在名词前；如果是过去分词短语，要放在名词后，表示主语的状态或已完成的动作。Theinjuredworkersarenowbeingtakengoodcareofinthehospital.受伤的工人现在正在医院受到良好的照顾。ThegirlisreadinganovelwrittenbyHanHan.这个女孩正在读韩寒写的一本小说。2．过去分词作定语与所修饰的名词有动宾关系或逻辑上的主谓关系时，表示被动或完成，也可以转换成相应的定语从句。Thebrokenwindow(＝Thewindowwhichwasbroken)willbereplacedsoon.破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。Theywantedtocutthroughthefallentrees(＝thetreesthathadfallen)．他们想锯断倒下的树。[温馨提示]过去分词作定语时与定语从句的关系：(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语时可改为动词为被动形式的定语从句。losttime＝timewhichislostastate­ownedfactory＝afactorywhichisownedbystate(2)部分不及物动词的过去分词作定语时可改为动词为完成时或动词为表示状态的定语从句。retiredworkers＝workerswhohaveretiredalearnedman＝amanwhoisofmuchlearningasunkship＝ashipwhichhassunk二、作表语1．过去分词作表语，表示主语的状态，且该状态通常是由外界因素引起的。这时过去分词可以被看作是一个形容词，是形容词化的过去分词。常用来作表语的过去分词有interested，excited，bored，tired，delighted，discouraged，astonished，worried，frightened等。Iwasverydisappointedatthenewsthatourteamhadlost.听到我们队失利的消息我很失望。GonearethedayswhentheChinesepeoplewerelookeddownupon.中国人受歧视的日子一去不复返了。2．除了系动词be外，get，seem，look，appear，sound，feel，remain等系动词后也可以跟过去分词作表语。如：Theteacherappearedquitesatisfiedwithmywork.老师似乎对我的工作很满意。三、作宾语补足语1．能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有以下三类：(1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词或词组。如：see，watch，observe，lookat，hear，listento，feel，notice，find等。IheardthesongsunginEnglish.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。Hefoundthedoorclosed.他发现门锁着。(2)表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have，make，get，keep，leave等。Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.他昨天把牙拔了。Don'tleavethosethingsundone.把那些事情做完。(3)表示“希望”“要求”意义的动词，如：like，order，want，wish，expect等用“vt.＋宾语＋(tobe)＋p.p”。Iwouldlikethismatter(tobe)settledatonce.我希望此事立刻得到解决。Iwishmyhomework(tobe)finishedbeforefiveo'clock.我希望5点前完成我的作业。[温馨提示]过去分词作宾语补足语时，过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。2．过去分词作宾语补足语时，要注意几种情况：(1)使役动词have接过去分词作宾语补足语有两种情况。a．过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。Ihadmycomputerrepairedyesterday.我昨天找人修了电脑。(别人做)b．过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历则表示一种遭遇或经历。Hehadhislegbroken.他的腿断了。(自己的经历)(2)过去分词在原句中作宾语补足语时，如果原句变为被动语态，那么过去分词就在新句中作主语补足语了。Thebigfireisreportedcontrolled.据报道这场大火已经得到控制。Themeetingroomwasfoundthoroughlycleanedandeverythingwasarrangedingoodorder.人们发现会议室被彻底打扫了，一切都布置得井井有条。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Iheardmyname_______(call)whenIcamein.2．Shelooked_____________(disappoint)attheresultsoftheexam.3．Whoweretheso­calledguests________(invite)toyourpartylastnight?4．Backfromhistwo­yearmedicalserviceinAfrica,Dr.Leewasveryhappytoseehismother______(take)goodcareofathome.calleddisappointedinvitedtaken5．JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe___________(astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.6．Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage_______(hide)withinthework.7．Everyonepresentisvery_________(inspire)athisspeech.8．AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot____(lose)frommyfriends.9．Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain_______(seat)astheplanewasmakingalanding.10．Witheverything___________(consider)，hisplanisbetterthanyours.astonishedhiddeninspiredlostseatedconsideredⅡ.单句改错1．Thejudgesgavenohintofwhattheythought，solefttheroomreallyworrying.__________________2．WhenIgotthere,Ifoundthefarmtoolshaverepaired._________3．TheUnitedStatesisadevelopingcountry.______________________4．Ifyouwanttomakeyourselfrespect,youareabovealltorespectothers._________________________worrying→worried去掉havedeveloping→developed第一个respect→respected5．Theboylookedupwithapleasingexpression.__________________6．WhenIenteredtheclassroom,Isawsomestrangersseatingattheback.________________7．Thelecture,startedat7p.m.lastnight,wasfollowedbyanobservationofthemoonwithtelescopes.__________________pleasing→pleasedseating→seatedstarted→starting8．“It'ssuchaniceplace，”mothersaidasshesatatthetablereserveforcustomers.__________________9．Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcarwashes._______________10．Johnhasreallygotthejobbecauseheshowedmetheofficialletterofferedhimit.__________________reserve→reservedwashes→washedoffered→offeringⅢ.语法与写作1．那位退休的人对绘画非常感兴趣。___________________________________________wasmuchinterestedinpainting.2．他把那个坏杯子扔掉了，那个杯子陪伴了他三年。Hethrewaway_______________，whichkepthimcompanyforthreeyears.Theretiredman/Themanwhohadretiredthebrokencup3．报道的事没有一件让他感兴趣。Nothing____________________________interestedhim.4．他们决定改变使用的材料。Theydecidedtochange_______________________________.5．他发现他的家乡变化很大。Hefoundhishometown_______________________________.6．我们会让你了解正在发生的事情的。Wewillkeepyou_____________________________.reported/thatwasreportedthematerialused/whichwasusedgreatlychanged/hadgreatlychangedinformedofwhatisgoingon如何写求职信第二板块单元写作[文体感知]1．概念：申请信是书信的一种，主要以介绍个人情况为主，包括自己的姓名、年龄、身高、健康状况、业余爱好、特长、工作态度及人际关系等。2．内容安排：(1)说明信息的来源，比如从报上得知或经朋友介绍等；(2)介绍个人情况，包括自己的工作经历、个人专长及个人爱好等；(3)表达自己对申请对象的期盼；(4)用简明的句子表明自己的能力及奋斗目标。[增分佳句]1．开头语①Ilearnedfromtheadvertisementthatyourcompanywanteda...andIamveryinterestedinit.②I'mwritingtoapplyfor...③I'mwritingtoyouhopingthatImayobtainanopportunityto...2．常用短语bei