2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 2 Poems 4 Section Ⅳ Grammar课件

SectionⅣGrammarUnit2Poems虚拟语气(Ⅱ)1．(教材P13)Iftherehadnotbeenanexchangeprogramme,he________________(notfind)asponsortohelphimstudyabroad.答案：wouldnothavefound2．(教材P13)Suewaslatefortheweddingceremony.I’msurethatifshe________________(be)thereontime,thebrideandbridegroomwouldhavefelthappier.答案：hadbeen3．Itwasnecessarythatwe________________(make)everythingreadyaheadoftime.答案：(should)make4．Mysuggestionisthatwe________________(go)thereatonce.答案：(should)go5．IfonlyI________________(pass)thetest!答案：hadpassed6．Butforthesespellingmistakes,I________________(get)afullmarkinmyEnglishexamination.答案：wouldhavegot1．省略if的虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中，若有had,were,should等助动词，可将它们提到句首，省略if，变为倒装句式。◆HadIrealizedtheimportanceofstudy,Iwouldhaveconcentratedonit.＝IfIhadrealizedtheimportanceofstudy,Iwouldhaveconcentratedonit.我如果意识到学习的重要性，就会专心学习了。虚拟语气的特殊用法◆WereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.＝IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.要是我再上学的话，我会更用功。◆Shoulditrainthisafternoon,thebasketballmatchwouldbeputoff.＝Ifitshouldrainthisafternoon,thebasketballmatchwouldbeputoff.要是今天下午下雨，篮球比赛就会被推迟。“Wereitnotfor...(要不是……)”“Haditnotbeenfor...(当时要不是……)”几乎成了固定句式。◆Wereitnotforyourhelp,Iwouldneveropensomanybranches.要是没有你的帮助，我将永远不会开设那么多家分店。◆Haditnotbeenforyou,Iwouldhavelostmyway.当时要不是你，我就迷路了。2．混合虚拟语气有些条件句的主句谓语和从句谓语表示的动作在时间上并不一致，这类句子称为错综时间条件句。这类条件句所使用的语气通常被称为错综虚拟语气或混合虚拟语气。常见的两种形式为：从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与过去事实相反：had＋过去分词与现在事实相反：would/should/could/might＋动词原形与现在事实相反：动词过去式与过去事实相反：would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词◆Ifyouhadtakenthemedicineontime,youwouldbehealthyenoughtogotoschoolnow.如果你当初按时吃药的话，现在你就会足够健康可以去上学了。(从句说明过去，主句说明现在)◆IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavegivenuptheplan.如果我是你，我就不会放弃那个计划了。(从句说明现在，主句说明过去)【即时演练1】——用所给词的适当形式填空①(2018·北京卷)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey______________(drive)afewmorekilometers.②(2018·天津卷)Ifwe____________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.③______(have)youfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinhospitalnow.haddrivenhadcaughtHad1．虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用在下列结构中的主语从句要用虚拟语气：(1)在It’simportant/strange/natural/necessary...that...句型中，that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用◆Itisnecessarythatwe(should)informhimofthechangeoftimeassoonaspossible.我们尽快通知他时间的变化很有必要。◆Itisimportantthatwe(should)keepabalanceddietinourdailylife.在日常生活中保持均衡饮食很重要。(2)Itis/wasdesired/suggested/demanded/required/requested/...that...(should)do...◆Itisrequiredthatthepapers(should)behandedinbefore5：00.要求5点之前交试卷。◆Itisstronglysuggestedthatthemachines(should)becheckedeveryyear.强烈建议将这些机器每年检查一次。【即时演练2】——用所给词的适当形式填空①Itisnecessarythatallthepeopleinvited_________________(come)toourmeetingbefore9o’clocktomorrow.②ItissuggestedthattheEnglishEvening__________________(hold)onSaturday.(should)come(should)beheld2．虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用下列动词后的宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其谓语形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。这类动词有：一坚持insist二命令order,command三建议suggest,propose,recommend四要求demand,request,require,desire◆MyfathersuggestedthatI(should)takeenoughsleepbeforeexaminations.爸爸建议我考试前要有充足的睡眠。◆IdemandthatJohn(should)gothereatonce.我要求约翰立刻到那儿去。3．虚拟语气在表语从句及同位语从句中的应用名词order,command,suggestion,proposal,advice,demand,request,requirement,desire,idea,plan,decision等后面的表语从句或同位语从句须用虚拟语气，其谓语形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。Hemadethedemandthatwe(should)gotothetrainingcentreatonce.＝Hisdemandwasthatwe(should)gotothetrainingcentreatonce.他要求我们马上去训练中心。Wefollowedhisadvicethatwe(should)askourteacherforhelp.我们接受了他的我们应该向老师求助的建议。【即时演练3】——用所给词的适当形式填空①Theiradviceisthatanewfactory_____________________(build)intheirhometown.②(2016·天津卷)Themanagerputforwardasuggestionthatwe_________________(have)anassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.(should)bebuilt(should)have1．asif/asthough从句常用虚拟语气表示动作所发生的时间谓语动词的虚拟形式动作发生在主句动作之前had＋过去分词动作与主句动作同时发生动词过去式(be动词用were)动作发生在主句动作之后would/could/should/might＋动词原形虚拟语气在其他句型中的用法◆Hewalkedasifheweredrunk.他走起路来像是喝醉了。◆Hetalksasifhehadbeentomanyplacesintheworld.他谈起话来好像他去过世界上的很多地方似的。2．It’s(high/about)time后的从句用虚拟语气该句型表示“该是……的时候了”，从句谓语动词常用过去式，也可用“should＋动词原形”，should不能省略。◆Itishightimethatyouset/shouldsetasidesometimetothinkaboutyourfuture.该到你留出一些时间思考未来生活的时候了。3．ifonly(要是……就好了)句型中的虚拟语气(1)ifonly常常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，主要用在虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件，意为“但愿”“要是……该多好啊”等。(2)ifonly句型中谓语动词的形式：虚拟情况谓语动词形式与现在事实相反过去式与过去事实相反had＋过去分词与将来事实相反would/coulddo◆Ifonlytheywereherenow,wewouldbeabletocelebratetheirweddinganniversary.如果他们现在在这里，我们就能庆祝他们的结婚纪念日了。◆Ifonlyshehadtakenhisadvice!要是她接受他的建议，那该多好啊！◆Ifonlyhecouldgowithustomorrow.要是他明天能和我们一起走该多好啊。【即时演练4】——完成句子①该是我们采取措施来制止污染的时候了。It’stimethatwe____________________________tostoppollution.②他们谈话的样子好像就是多年的老朋友似的。Theytalkedasifthey________________________foryears.③要是我当时向她道歉就好了。IfonlyI________________________．took/shouldtakemeasureshadbeenfriendshadapologizedtoherⅠ单句语法填空1．Peterworksinacarfactorynow.Ifhe________________(study)hardinhighschool,hewouldbestudyingatcollegenow.2．Ourfootballteam________________________(win)thematchifMartinhadscoredatthelastminute.3．IfAlicehadnotbeenillandmissedsomanylessons,she___________________(make)greaterprogress.hadstudiedwouldhavewonwouldhavemade4．Imissedthatwonderfultrip.IwasreallysadandIwishedI________________(know)itearlier.5．Jan