2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 1 Building the future Section

Unit1BuildingthefutureSectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading—Languagepoints核心要点探究1．raten.比率；等级；价格，费用；速度(教材P1)Manycountriesaroundtheworldaredevelopingataveryfastrate.世界上的许多国家以飞快的速度发展着。(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowsarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.医院里看见病房窗户外面树枝的病人可能比看见楼房或天空的病人恢复得快。Mostpeoplewalkatanaveragerateof5kilometresanhour.大多数人步行的平均速度为每小时5公里。(1)ata．..rate以……的速度attherateof以……的速度，以……的比率atanyrate无论如何，不管怎样atthis/thatrate照这/那情形看来(2)ratev.估价；评价rate...as...作为……受到评价Atanyratethetaskmustbefulfilled.无论如何，任务必须完成。Theyratedhimhighlyasacolleague.作为同事，他们对他评价很好。完成句子①人口在以惊人的速度增长。Thepopulationwasgrowing____________．②评论家和观众都认为这次演出是成功的。Theshow________asuccessbycriticsandaudiences.③无论如何，我们都要尽力保护人民的利益。____________，weshouldtrytoprotectthepeople'sinterest.【答案】①atanalarmingrate②wasrated(as)③Atanyrate2．(教材P2)In1985，therewaslittlerainfallinEthiopia，whichled_topoorharvestsandthedeathofmanyofthecountry'scattle．1985年，埃塞俄比亚几乎没有降雨，这导致收成减产和许多牛死亡。(1)leadto导致Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadstoillness.工作时间太长且休息不好容易生病。Drinkingtoomuchcoffeecanleadtoincreaseddeathrates.饮咖啡太多可能导致死亡率增加。[名师点津]此短语中的to是介词，后面可接名词或动名词。Stayinguptoolateledtohisbeingsleepyallday.熬夜太晚导致他一天很困倦。lead...to(someplace)带领……去(某地)leadsb.todosth.使某人做某事leadtheway带路；引路lead/livea．..life过着……样的生活lead...into把……领进……Herwordsledmetothinkovermydecisionagain.她的话让我重新考虑我的决定。Heledustotheconferenceroom.他领我们进入会议室。①这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果。Suchamistakewouldperhaps________disastrousconsequences.②于是她牵着格尔达的手，把她带到小屋子里去，把门锁起来。ShethentookGerdabythehand,________thelittlecottage,andlockedthedoor.③虽然他们年老了，但是他们生活得仍很活跃。Thoughtheyareoldtheystill________．【答案】①leadto②ledherinto③leadanactivelife(2)cattlen．牛cattle是集合名词，是“牛”的总称，本身是复数形式，当它作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。用head作量词时，用head的原形，如“10头牛”可以说tenheadofcattle或tencattle。Hehastwentyheadofcattleonhisfarm.他在农场里养了20头牛。Forthismanycattlewerekilled.为此宰杀了很多牛。④这些牛是从新西兰来的。________________fromNewZealand.⑤他们卖给国家六百万头牛。Theysold6million________________tothestate.【答案】④Thesecattleare⑤headofcattle3．takeplace发生；举行，举办(教材P2)Theconcerttookplaceon13July1985intwoplaces—LondonandPhiladelphia—andincludedthebiggeststarsofthetime.1985年7月13日，音乐会在伦敦和费城两地举行，出席者包括了当时最红的巨星。[明辨异同]takeplace/happen/occur/comeabout/breakouttakeplace表示“发生；举行，举办”，这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排happen作“发生，碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件occur作“发生，想到，突然想起”解comeabout表示“发生，产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句breakout意为“发生，爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生I'llneverunderstandhowitcameaboutthatyouwerelatethreetimesaweek.我永远弄不明白你怎么一周会迟到三次。Fightinghasbrokenoutbetweenrivalgroupsoffans.双方球迷发生了打斗。(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.这一进展情况并不是一夜之间发生的。选词填空(takeplace/happen/occur/comeabout/breakout)①Maybesomethingunexpected____________．②Greatchangeshave______inourhometownduringthepasttenyears.③It_____tomethatshedidn'tknowIhadmovedintothenewhouse.④Doyouknowhowtheairaccident____________？⑤Afire______________inthehospitalatmidnight.【答案】①happened②takenplace③occurred④cameabout⑤brokeout4．intendvt.想要；打算；计划；打算使……(成为)(教材P2)Geldofintendedtheconcerttoraisemoneyforhungerreliefandtomakethepublicmoreawareoftheproblem.格尔多夫想通过音乐会为饥荒筹钱，使公众更加关注这一问题。Whatdoyouintendtodotoday?你今天打算做什么？Let'saskherwhatsheintendsustodo.让我们问问她，她想让我们做什么。intendtodosth.打算做某事intendsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事intendthat从句(虚拟语气)intend...as...打算使……成为……intend...for...打算为……做准备beintendedfor...打算给……用的Iintendedthatshe(should)go.我计划让她去。Theyintendthisarticleasteachingmaterials.他们打算把这篇文章作为教材。ThatiPadisintendedforyou.那个iPad是为你而买的。[名师点津]hadintendedtodosth.或intendedtohavedonesth.都可以表示“本来打算做某事”。Ihadintendedtoseeyouoffattheairport＝Iintendedtohaveseenyouoffattheairport.我本打算去机场为你送行。用适当的介词填空①Thebookisintended________children.②Thenotesareintended________anintroductiontothecourse.【答案】①for②as5．put/bringpressureon/uponsb.＝laypressureonsb.给……施加压力(教材P2)Theconcertalsomadetheheadlinesaroundtheworld，andputgreatpressureonpoliticiansandstatesmentodosomethingabouttheproblemofworldhunger.音乐会也受到了全世界媒体的极大关注，这给政客和政治家施加了巨大压力，迫使他们为世界饥荒问题采取行动。Shedidn'tputanypressureonhimtotakethejob.她没有对他施加压力要他接受这份工作。Don'tputmuchpressureontheboy；heisonlyachild.不要给这个男孩施加太大压力，他只是个孩子。(1)pressuren．压力；压迫underpressure在压力之下；被迫，迫不得已underthepressureof在……逼迫下(2)pressurev.对……施加压力pressuresb.todosth.＝pressuresb.intodoingsth.迫使某人做某事Everyoneshouldn'tpressurehimself/herselfintomakingahastydecision.每个人都不该勉强自己仓促做出决定。完成句子①他们给我施压要我卖掉我的房子。They______________________tosellmyhouse.②主任面对被迫辞职的压力越来越大。Thedirectoris__________________toresign.③不必强迫孩子吃东西。Childrenneedn't________________things.【答案】①put/broughtpressureonme②underincreasingpressure③bepressuredintoeating/toeat6．(教材P2)TheWFPhasorganizeda_number_ofprogrammes，includingtheFood­for­Lifeprogramme，whichsendsemergencyfoodaidtocountriesduringtimesoftrouble；theFood­for­Growthprogramme，whichtargetspeoplemostat_risk，suchasbabies，pregnantwomenandoldpeople...世界粮食计划署已经组织了若干项目，包括挽救生命粮食计划，该计划为处于困难时期的国家送去紧急粮食援助；健康成长粮食计划，它主要以身处危险中的人作为目标，例如，婴儿、孕妇和老年人……(1)anumberof许多Anumberofstudentsareboysinthisgroup.在这个组里许多学生都是男生。Agreatnumberofpeoplewerepresentatthemeeting.很多人出席了会议。[明辨异同]anumberof/thenumberofanumberof后跟可数名词的复数，