2019-2020学年高中英语 Unit 1 Art Section Ⅳ Grammar & Wri

Unit1ArtSectionⅣGrammar&Writing虚拟语气(Ⅰ)第一板块单元语法1．(教材原句P1)Ifyoucouldhavethreeofthesepaintingsonthewallsofyourclassroom，which___________you___________(choose)?2．(教材原句P2)Iftherulesofperspective__________________________(notdiscover)，noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.wouldchoosehadnotbeendiscovered3．(教材原句P2)Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique，we___________(notbe)abletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.4．(教材原句P3)Therearescoresofmodernartstyles，butwithouttheImpressionists，manyofthesepaintingstyles___________(notexist)．wouldnotbemightnotexist英语的动词有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。考点一虚拟语气在条件句中的用法如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来也不可能存在，则是虚拟条件句。在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。虚拟条件句的从句和主句的谓语动词形式如下表所示：条件从句的谓语主句的谓语与现在事实相反did(be→were)would/could/might/should＋do与将来事实相反①did(be→were)②shoulddo③weretodowould/could/might/should＋do与过去事实相反haddonewould/could/might/should＋havedoneIfIwereyou，Iwouldstudyhard.如果我是你，我会努力学习。(与现在事实相反)Ifitshouldrain/weretorain/rainedtomorrow，wewouldnotgoout.如果明天下雨的话，我们就不出去了。(与将来事实相反)Ifyouhadattendedthemeetingyesterday，youwouldhavemether.如果你昨天参加会议，你就会见到她了。(与过去事实相反)考点二虚拟条件句的特殊情况1．虚拟条件从句的省略与倒装如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had或should，可将if省略，而把were，had或should放在主语前，来表达和if引导的条件句相同的意思。Weretheyherenow，theycouldhelpus.要是他们现在在这儿的话，他们就会帮助我们了。Hadyoucomeearlier，youwouldhavemethim。如果你来得早一点，你就会见到他了。Shoulditrain，thecropswouldbesaved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。2．含蓄条件句有时假设的条件并不直接通过条件从句表现出来，而是用一些词或短语(如without，or，orelse，otherwise，butfor等)或上下文暗示来说明，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。句子的谓语形式为：与现在/将来事实相反：would/could/might/should＋do与过去事实相反：would/could/might/should＋havedoneButforyouradvice，Iwouldhavefailed.要不是你的建议，我早就失败了。Butforelectricity(＝Iftherewerenoelectricity)，therewouldbenomodernindustry.要是没有电，就不会有现代工业。Idon'tknowthenews，orIwouldtellyou.我不知道这个消息，否则的话我会告诉你的。Withoutyourhelp(＝Ifwehadnothadyourhelp)，wecouldnothavesucceeded.要是没有你的帮助，我们是不会成功的。Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball，otherwisehewouldhavescoredagoal.在踢球之前他犹豫了一下，要不然他当时就会进一个球。3．错综时间条件句错综时间条件句，又叫混合条件句。在该条件句中，从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据各自所指的不同时间选用不同的时态形式。IfIwereyou，Iwouldn'thavemissedthefilmlastnight.如果我是你，我就不会错过昨天晚上的那部电影。(现在——过去)Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor'sadvice，hewouldrecovernow.如果他听了医生的劝告，他现在就痊愈了。(过去——现在)Ifheweretoleave，youwouldhaveheardaboutit.如果他要走，你早就会听到这个消息了。(将来——过去)Ifyouhesitatedthismoment，youmightsufferinfuture.如果你此刻犹豫不决，你以后会吃苦头的。(现在——将来)考点三虚拟语气用于宾语从句本单元主要讲虚拟语气用于wish和wouldrather后的宾语从句。1．wish后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气。不同情况下从句的谓语形式分别为：与现在事实相反：didbe动词用were与过去事实相反：haddone与将来事实相反：would/could/might＋do①—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoingtobecompletelyruined.——孩子们在哪里？这顿饭就要彻底毁掉了。—Iwishtheyweren'talwayslate.——我希望他们不要总是迟到。②—Howmuchoftheforeignexpert'sspeechhaveyouunderstood?——这位外国专家的演讲你听懂了多少？—Almostnothing.IwishIhadworkedharderatEnglish.——几乎什么都没听懂。我多么希望我以前更努力学习英语！③Iwishyoucoulddoabitlesstalkingandsomemorework.Thusthingswillbecomebetter.我希望你少说话、多做事。那样情况就会好转。2．wouldrather后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气。不同情况下从句的谓语形式分别为：表示现在或将来的愿望：didbe动词用were表示过去的愿望：haddoneIwouldratherhedidn'tgonow.我宁愿他现在不走。Iwouldratheryouhadbeenhereyesterday.我宁愿你昨天在这里。I'dratheryoucamewithustomorrow.我希望明天你能和我们一起来。3．suggest,advise,require,order,insist等表示“建议、要求、命令”的词后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”的结构，should可以省略。例如：Thedoctorsuggestedthatthepatient(should)giveupsmoking.医生建议这位病人戒烟。注意：suggest作“表明，暗示”；insist作“坚持说”时，后面从句用陈述语气。如：Theboyinsistedthathehaddonenothingwrongandheinsistedheshouldnotbepunished.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Wedidnotknowyouwereintroubleatthattime，otherwisewewould___________(give)youahand.2．(2019·江苏泰州校级月考)Haditnotbeenforhistimelyhelp,Iwouldn't___________(be)abletomakeitthroughtheperiodofeconomicausterity(经济紧缩)．3．Withoutyourtimelyhelp,Iwouldn't___________(finish)thetaskontime.havegivenhavebeenhavefinished4．(2019·江苏盐城期中)Ifyou___________(take)thismedicineregularlylastweek，youwouldbefeelingmuchbetternow.5．Sorry，Iamtoobusynow.IfI___________(have)time，Iwouldcertainlygoonanoutingwithyou.6．Ifyou________________________(get)backnextweek，wewouldgocampingtogether.7．IshouldnothavelaughedifI___________(think)youwereserious.hadtakenhadgot/shouldget/weretogethadthought8．HowIwishI___________(be)abirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky!9．Peterwishesthathe___________(study)lawinsteadofliteraturewhenhewasincollege.10．Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry，butI'dratherhe___________(focus)moreonitsculture.11．(2019·湖北荆州期末)Iwouldratherallthemoneyspentoncosmeticsurgery(整容手术)___________(use)totreatpeoplearoundtheworldwhoareinneedbutcan'tgetpropermedicaltreatment.werehadstudiedfocusedwereused12．Tobehonest，Iwouldratheryou___________(stay)withusatthepartyyesterday，butyouleft.13．Butforyourhelp，Icouldn't___________(find)theplace.14．I_________________________________(give)youmorehelp，butIwastoobusythen.15．(2019·湖南衡阳期末)IfI___________(be)amillionaire(百万富翁)，Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.hadstayedhavefoundwould/could/should/mighthavegivenwereⅡ.单句改错1．IfIhavemoretimenow，Iwouldlearnanotherforeignlanguage.___________2．Iwouldratherhepaintsthewallrednexttime.___________3．(江苏卷改编)Ifithasnotbeenforhisinvitationtheotherday，Ishouldnotbeherenow.___________4．IwishIhadachanceto